Abstract: In one embodiment, a channel in a frame of the audio signal is subdivided into a plurality of blocks according to a subdivision hierarchy. The subdivision hierarchy has more than one level, and each level is associated with a different block length. At least two of the blocks have different lengths. First subdivision information indicating whether the channel has been subdivided is generated, and second subdivision information is generated if the subdividing has been performed. The second subdivision information indicates the subdivision of the channel into the blocks.

Abstract: In an ECU, a level adjusting unit communicable to first and second control circuits and a bus transceiver installed in the ECU receives first data and second data respectively transmitted from the first and second control circuits. The bus transceiver is communicable to a communication bus. When the first data and the second data are simultaneously received, the level adjusting unit merges the first data and the second data such that a first electric level of the first data wins with a second electric level of the second data. The level adjusting unit outputs the merged data to the bus transceiver.

Abstract: In one embodiment, at least first and second channels in a frame of the audio signal are independently subdivided into blocks if the first and second channels are not correlated with each other. The first and second channels are corresponding subdivided into blocks such that the lengths of the blocks into which the second channel is subdivided correspond to the lengths of the blocks into which the first channel is subdivided if the first and second channels are correlated with each other. First information may be generated to indicate the subdivision of the channel into the blocks and the first information is generated commonly for first and second channels when the channels are correlated, and the first information is generated respectively for each of first and second channels when the channels are not correlated.

Abstract: System method and program for controlling access to a VLAN via a port of a VLAN switch system. In response to receipt of a message packet at the port, the switch system determines if a MAC address of the packet matches a MAC address for which the port has been programmed to recognize as a MAC address of a device authorized to communicate with the port. The MAC address of the packet does not match a MAC address for which the port has been programmed to recognize as a MAC address of a device authorized to communicate with the port. In response, the switch system blocks the packet if a rate of ill-formed packets and/or packets from an unrecognized MAC address exceeds a threshold pass rate. The threshold pass rate can be adjusted based on the rate of change of receipt of ill-formed packets and/or packets from an unrecognized MAC address.

Abstract: A system and a method for monitoring a Video Phone (VP) service monitors a video communication between a calling video terminal and a called video terminal, and the system including a Mobile Switching Center (MSC) server, a Media GateWay (MGW), a Video Inter-working Gateway (VIG), and a monitoring receiving unit. When the calling video terminal initiates a VP call to the called video terminal, the MSC server instructs the MGW to duplicate the call data of the calling and called video terminal, transmits the call data to the VIG, and instructs the VIG to de-multiplexes the call data of calling video terminal and called video terminal into the audio flow and video flow. The VIG transmits the audio flow and video flow to the monitoring receiving unit for playing.

Abstract: It is disclosed a method of monitoring, a Multi-Protocol Label Switching network, a tandem connection of a Label Switched Path. The tandem connection to be monitored has an input node and an output node. The method comprises the following steps: receiving a first Operation Administration Management packet at the input node; and generating a second OAM packet at the input node. According to the invention, the following steps are further performed: a tandem connection header is inserted into the first OAM packet; both the first OAM packet with the tandem connection header and the second OAM packet are sent towards the output node; and the second OAM packet is identified according to the presence or absence of said tandem connection header.

Abstract: In one embodiment, at least first and second channels in a frame of the audio signal are independently subdivided into blocks if the first and second channels are not correlated with each other. The first and second channels are corresponding subdivided into blocks such that the lengths of the blocks into which the second channel is subdivided correspond to the lengths of the blocks into which the first channel is subdivided if the first and second channels are correlated with each other. First information may be generated to indicate whether the first and second channels are independently subdivided or correspondingly subdivided.

Abstract: A system and method configures quality-of-service (QoS) in a segment of a network that has multiple segments with an intermediate device between the segments. The network may be a home network for the transmission of audio-video traffic streams between a media server or source, like a personal computer (PC), and a media renderer or sink, like a digital TV, with the intermediate device being a router, bridge or hub connected to its own network segment and located between the source and sink. One of the network devices contains a QoS parameter holder (QPH). After QoS has been configured in the source and sink and the traffic stream established, the intermediate device detects the traffic stream and determines that it needs to set up QoS. The intermediate device queries the QPH with a traffic stream identifier. The QPH finds the traffic descriptor that matches the traffic stream identifier and returns to the intermediate device the traffic descriptor that includes the QoS parameters.