Abstract: A backlight module, having: a light source, a first light reflection portion located above the light source, and a second light reflection portion located below the light source; the first light reflection portion includes a groove concaved towards the light source; an inner surface of the groove includes a first reflection parabolic surface and a second reflection parabolic surface interconnected with each other and having a focal point at the light source; the first reflection parabolic surface performs horizontal reflection on the light emitted from the light source; the second reflection parabolic surface reflects the light emitted from the light source to the second light reflection portion; the second light reflection portion performs horizontal reflection on the light reflected thereto. A liquid crystal display having the backlight module is also disclosed.

Abstract: Disclosed is an array substrate of an LCD, and a method for fabricating it, which simplifies the fabrication process, thereby reducing fabrication costs. The process is simplified because the array substrate does not have a passivation film. The thin film transistors on the array substrate each have an active layer that is protected from contamination by forming a channel insulation layer on the active layer through a dry-etching process. Further, the gate line, gate pad, and gate electrode may have a two-layer structure having a low-resistance metal layer and a barrier metal layer, or a three-layer structure having a low-resistance metal layer and two barrier metal layers.

Abstract: A color filter substrate including a substrate, a plurality of color filter patterns, a black matrix, a plurality of spacers, a plurality of protrusions, and a common electrode is provided. The color filter patterns are disposed on the substrate. The black matrix is disposed on the substrate and between the color filter patterns. The spacers are disposed on the black matrix and connected to the black matrix. The protrusions are disposed on the color filter patterns. The black matrix, the spacers, and the protrusions are made of the same material. The common electrode covers the color filter patterns, the black matrix, the protrusions, and the spacers. As mentioned above, a color filter substrate manufactured with low cost is provided.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display of OCB mode or VA mode comprises a backlight unit, a backlight-side polarizing plate, a liquid crystal cell of OCB mode or VA mode, and a viewer-side polarizing plate in order. The viewer-side polarizing plate comprises a first transparent protective film, a polarizing membrane, a second transparent protective film and a light-diffusing layer in order. In the liquid crystal display of OCB mode, an optically anisotropic layer is formed from liquid crystal compound on the first transparent protective film. The first transparent protective film is a cellulose acetate film having a Re retardation value of 20 to 70 nm and a Rth retardation value of 100 to 500 nm. The light-diffusing layer comprises transparent resin and transparent fine particles dispersed therein. The transparent resin and the transparent fine particles have refractive indices that are different from each other.

Abstract: A polarized neutron guide for separating neutrons into polarized neutrons while minimizing loss of the neutrons is provided. The polarized neutron guide includes a body, the first space and the second space, and a neutron separation space. The body includes super mirrors coated with a neutron-reflective thin film and the first and second spaces are formed by the first plate inside the body. The neutron separation space is formed by the second plate disposed at the entry of the first space and the third plate disposed at the entry of the second space. Spin-up polarized neutrons and spin-down polarized neutrons are simultaneously separated and transferred in the first and second spaces, respectively. Therefore, with minimum loss of the neutrons, the spin-up polarized neutrons and the spin-down polarized neutrons are effectively separated and collected.

Abstract: A reflector and a liquid crystal display device in which original reflection characteristics can be sufficiently accomplished and moiré patterns can be prevented are provided. A reflector 30 formed with a plurality of concave portions 28b1, 28b2 on one surface of a base member along one arrangement direction is employed. When defining the section passing through the deepest point of the concave portion as a first section and defining the section perpendicular to the first section at the deepest point as a second section, the concave portions 28b1, 28b2 have symmetrical shapes on the basis of the first section and have asymmetrical shapes on the basis of the second section. When defining the directions along the first section in the concave portions 28b1, 28b2 as axis directions L1, L2, each of the axis directions L1, L2 are not parallel with the arrangement direction, and the axis directions L1, L2 are set to two or more directions.

Abstract: A simple method of manufacturing a semiconductor device including a thick and dense insulator layer having a uniform film thickness includes forming the insulator layer by repeatedly applying a liquid material to a conductive layer plural times.

Abstract: In each picture element region, a first electrode provided on one side of the first substrate that is closer to the liquid crystal layer includes a plurality of sub-electrodes, whereby the liquid crystal layer forms a liquid crystal domain taking a radially-inclined orientation above each sub-electrode by an inclined electric field produced around the sub-electrode. The second substrate includes a stepped portion including an upper tier located in the reflection region, a lower tier located in the transmission region and a side surface connecting the upper tier and the lower tier to each other, the side surface of the stepped portion being located in the reflection region and covered by the second electrode. The plurality of sub-electrodes are arranged in a line in a column direction D2, and picture elements that are adjacent to each other in a row direction D1 are driven with voltages of opposite polarities in each frame.

Abstract: A novel nematic liquid crystal (LC) mode is based on the Fringing-Field-Switching of Vertically-Aligned liquid crystals. The VA-FFS mode is capable of generating very fast optical modulation without the use of very thin cell gap. IA major feature of this LC mode is that it has unusual fast relaxation time compared with the conventional nematic LC modes that require a thin cell gap. This fast relaxation occurs even at very low applied voltages and the operation is very stable. The fast-response mechanism of this LC mode involves the confinement of liquid crystal molecular switching within self-imposed thin LC layers. The present invention provides a novel approach to overcome the fundamental problem of the long relaxation time of the conventional nematic liquid crystal modes.

Abstract: A method for cutting a liquid crystal display panel includes forming a first scribe line along attached first and second mother substrates to form a first region having a plurality of first-sized LCD panels and a first edge of the first region and to form a second region having a plurality of second-sized LCD panels and a first edge of the second region, separating the plurality of first-sized LCD panels formed at the first region into individual first-sized LCD panels, and separating the plurality of second-sized LCD panels formed at the second region into individual second-sized LCD panels.

Abstract: An electrophoretic liquid crystal display device comprises: two opposed cell walls enclosing a layer of an electrophoretic composition comprising a liquid crystal material having finely divided pigment particles dispersed therein; a plurality of electrode structures on an inner surface of each cell wall for applying an electric field across at least some of the liquid crystal material, overlapping regions of opposed electrode structures on each cell wall defining pixels; wherein the liquid crystal material has a dielectric anisotropy greater than about 2 or less than about ?2; and wherein at least one of said cell walls is translucent and has an inner surface that is of low energy or induces a substantially homeotropic local alignment of adjacent molecules of said liquid crystal material.

Abstract: A reflective type liquid crystal display device includes: first and second substrates facing each other and having a transmissive portion and a reflective portion; a first polarizing plate on an outer surface of the first substrate; a transparent electrode over an inner surface of the first substrate; a reflective electrode having an open portion corresponding to the transmissive portion; a retardation film on an outer surface of the second substrate, the retardation film including a first portion having a first retardation value and a second portion having a second retardation value different from the first retardation value; a second polarizing plate on the retardation film; a common electrode on an inner surface of the second substrate; and a liquid crystal layer between the first and second substrates.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device includes first substrate having an active region and a non-active region along a peripheral portion of the active region, a second substrate facing and spaced apart from the first substrate, and having an active region and a non-active region along a peripheral portion of the active region, a seal pattern between the first and second substrates disposed along a border of the active and non-active regions, a gate line on an interior surface of the first substrate and crossing the seal pattern, a data line crossing the gate line and the seal pattern, a thin film transistor connected to the gate line and the data line, a pixel electrode connected to the thin film transistor, a common electrode on an interior surface of the second surface, a first step-compensating pattern adjacent to the seal pattern and the gate line, a second step-compensating pattern adjacent to the seal pattern and the data line, and a liquid crystal material layer between the pixel electrode and the common el

Abstract: A thin film transistor array panel may comprise gate lines including gate electrodes and storage electrode lines including storage electrodes that are formed on the insulating substrate, a semiconductor layer formed on the gate insulating layer covering the gate lines, data lines and drain electrodes which are formed on the gate insulating layer, the drain lines including source electrodes formed at least on the semiconductor layer and intersecting the gate lines, and the drain electrodes being separated from the data lines and opposite to the data lines with respect to the gate electrodes and including a storage capacitor conductor overlapping the storage electrodes. Pixel electrodes and common electrodes may be formed on the passivation layer for covering the semiconductor layer. The pixel electrodes and the common electrodes may be neither perpendicular to nor parallel to the data lines and may be made of opaque conductive material.

Abstract: An LCD apparatus is provided. The LCD apparatus includes lamps for generating a first light, a diffusing member, and a receiving member. The diffusing member diffuses the first light from the lamps and reflected light to emit a second light having uniform brightness distribution. The LCD apparatus also includes an LCD panel receiving the second light and displaying images in response to the second light by use of liquid crystal, and a top chassis combined to the receiving member to secure the LCD panel onto the receiving member. The distances between the respective lamps and the diffusing member vary in association with positions of the respective lamps such that the closer to a central portion of the diffusing member a lamp is placed, the shorter a distance between the lamp and the diffusing member.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display storage device includes a lower electrode extending along a first direction, the lower electrode includes first and second opposing edges, an insulating layer on the lower electrode, and an upper electrode on the insulating layer, wherein a first area of the upper electrode that overlaps the first and second edges of the lower electrode is less than a second area of the upper electrode that extends past the first and second edges of the lower electrode.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device and a method of fabricating the same are disclosed in the present invention. The liquid crystal display device includes a first substrate having a thin film transistor array and a common line with a UV-ray irradiation path passing UV-rays, a second substrate having a color filter array, a sealant between the first and second substrates over the common line, and a liquid crystal layer between the first and second substrates.

Abstract: A line on glass (LOG) type liquid crystal display includes a liquid crystal display panel having a liquid crystal cell matrix, at least two integrated circuits for driving the liquid crystal display panel, and signal lines formed directly on a substrate of the liquid crystal display panel such that resistance values of the signal lines at an input terminal of each integrated circuit are different.

Abstract: An optical interference color display comprising a transparent substrate, an inner-front optical diffusion layer, a plurality of first electrodes, a patterned support layer, a plurality of optical films and a plurality of second electrodes is provided. The inner-front optical diffusion layer is on the transparent substrate and the first electrodes are on the inner-front optical diffusion layer. The patterned support layer is on the inner-front optical diffusion layer between the first electrodes. The optical film is on the first electrodes and the second electrodes are positioned over the respective first electrodes. The second electrodes are supported through the patterned support layer. Furthermore, there is an air gap between the second electrodes and their respective first electrodes.

Abstract: The leakage of light and the disclination occur at the ends of the pixel electrodes where the equipotential lines bend toward the pixel electrodes. A dielectric 207 having a high dielectric constant is provided at the ends of the pixel electrodes to lift up the equipotential lines toward the opposing electrode, in order to decrease the leakage of light and the disclination.