Abstract: A microwave absorber composed of dense silicon carbide having an electrical resistivity of one ohm-centimeter or more. In an electron linear accelerator, it is necessary to provide a microwave absorber to absorb excess energy used to accelerate electrons and discharge this excess energy in the form of heat in order for the accelerator to operate safely. The important characteristics are high-frequency wave absorption, good heat resistance, good thermal conductivity, and stability in a vacuum. The invention meets these requirements with a microwave absorber composed of dense silicon carbide. In an electron linear accelerator the absorber is attached to the end portion of an accelerator guide or a branch portion of a power divider to absorb unnecessary wave energy. Such a microwave absorber is found to have characteristics rendering it highly suitable for this application as well as others.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of controlling several radiation-emitting elements. The invention consists in the compensation of differences in the emission power of the individual elements due to variations in the efficiency of the elements or to differing operating conditions by operating each radiation-emitting element with an individual pulse length determining the overall emission time. In this way, the energy emitted by all elements triggered is substantially identical.

Abstract: In a cathode ray display tube having a glass faceplate carrying a screen thereon including a screen electrode and an electron multiplier disposed adjacent the screen for current-multiplying an electron beam directed onto the screen, a low profile termination arrangement for establishing electrical connection with the screen electrode and a multiplier electrode comprises respective, spaced, thick film conductive tracks on the inner surface of the faceplate and bordering the screen connected at lead-in portions thereof with conductor means, e.g. conductive epoxy, in apertures extending through the faceplate via metal sealing discs.

Abstract: A gas discharge apparatus includes a discharge chamber including a transparent dome portion and an electrode-including base portion, which together enclose an ionizable gas. A cup-shaped base member is affixed at its periphery to the edge of the base portion of the discharge chamber. A power supply and discharge excitation network is disposed within the interior of the base portion. The power supply and discharge network include a pair of terminals. An oscillator and associated step-up output transformer powered from the terminals is positioned between the terminals and the discharge chamber. A field shield including a conductive sheet member is positioned between the terminals and the discharge chamber. The field shield is adapted to be electrically coupled to the electrode so that discharge-supporting electric fields may be established in the discharge chamber between the electrode and through the dome portion of that chamber to an effective ground electrode exterior to the chamber.

Abstract: A magnetron with a filter case housing a through-type capacitor and a choke coil wherein a mounting plate for the capacitor is fixed in intimate contact with the wall of the filter case along a line encircling a through-hole drilled in the wall of the filter case for drawing out the terminals of the capacitor.

Abstract: An emergency power supply including an input for connection to a power line, an output for connecting the input to electrical equipment so as to supply power thereto from the power line, a supplemental power supply connected to the output and adapted to supply power to the electrical equipment upon a power abnormality in the power line, an electrical energy storage means connected to the supplemental power supply and adapted to supply electrical energy thereto; and a circuit for detecting the abnormalities in the power line.

Abstract: A circuit system for igniting and lighting a high-pressure discharge lamp, particularly a sodium vapor lamp, comprising a pulse generator for generating signals of at least 1 kHz frequency being a high-frequency DC/AC converter connected to a direct current source and an ignition circuit coupled with the pulse generator including a high-pressure discharge lamp, a condenser connected in parallel to the high-pressure discharge lamp and an inductive member connected to the condenser and the high-pressure discharge lamp and forming a series member with the condenser the ignition circuit is provided with a transformer having a secondary winding connected in series with the inductive member for ensuring high reliability of igniting and for improving the conditions of lighting.

Abstract: A DC-AC converter for igniting and supplying a low-pressure discharge lamp, e.g. an electrodeless low-pressure gas discharge lamp. The converter has two input terminals (9, 10) for connection to a d.c. voltage source. The input terminals are connected to a series arrangement controlled semiconductor switching element (12), a first coil (14) and a parallel circuit having the discharge lamp 15 in one of its branches. The control electrode and a main electrode of the controlled semiconductor switching element are connected together by means of a secondary winding (21) of a transformer (17) having a primary winding (16) that forms a part of the parallel circuit. The converter includes a starter circuit comprising a resistor (28) connected between a main electrode and the control electrode of the semiconductor switching element and a capacitor (29) coupled between the control electrode and one end of the secondary winding (21) of the transformer.

Abstract: A circuit arrangement for A.C. operation of gas discharge lamps comprises a full-wave rectifier (1) connected to an alternating voltage source. The direct voltage is supplied to a combinatorial circuit part (3 to 8) in the form of a direct voltage converter, to which is connected a bridge circuit (9) which comprises four thyristors. The transverse branch of the bridge circuit includes the lamp (5). The full-wave rectifier (1) is followed by a smoothing capacitor (2) and an electronic switching element (14) is connected parallel to the bridge circuit (9). The switching element is switched to the conducting state in the vicinity of the zero passages of the input alternating voltage. As a result shortcircuits in the bridge circuit are avoided.

Abstract: A flat cathode ray display tube has an envelope divided into front and rear portions by a partition carrying frame deflection electrodes with an electron gun (30) and line scanning deflector positioned in the rear portion, the electron beam being directed initially parallel to a flat faceplate of the envelope, turned through 180.degree. by a reversing lens into the front portion and then deflected by electrodes towards a screen on the faceplate. In addition to the electrodes, other components are also mounted on the partition forming a sub-assembly whereby correct mutual positioning is ensured and assembly facilitated. A spacing structure accurately spaces the sub-assembly from the faceplate and supports also an electron multiplier for beam current amplication.

Abstract: A side-coupled standing-wave linear accelerator for accelerating a particle beam, includes a cascade of accelerating resonant cavities linearly located along the axis of the particle beam and coupled in series through drift tubes allowing passage of the particle beam. Each pair of adjacent accelerating resonant cavities is electromagnetically coupled by a side-coupling cavity. At least one side-coupling cavity is a non-resonant type switchable between a first position of electromagnetically coupling a given pair of adjacent accelerating cavities and a second position of electromagnetically decoupling the same given pair of accelerating cavities.

Abstract: A high-power switch tube is shown constructed from a plurality of electron guns each gun having a cathode and an anode. Between the cathode and anode is mounted a shadow grid closest to the cathode beyond which is mounted a control grid, a screen grid, and, in some applications, by a suppressor grid. Each anode is formed with an anode cavity having an opening that is smaller in dimension than the largest dimension of the cavity thus forming a Faraday cage collector which prevents secondary emission problems.

Abstract: The present invention provides a vircator with improved efficiency. An elongated anode is aligned with an elongated cathode so as to produce an elongated virtual cathode when a direct current voltage source is electrically connected to the elongated cathode. A surface wave having a velocity near the velocity of light will be produced on the virtual cathode. Waveguide means enclosing the virtual cathode is disposed so as to propagate microwave radiation in a direction parallel to the direction of elongation of the cathode, anode and virtual cathode. The waveguide is designed to match the phase velocity of the microwave to the velocity of the virtual cathode surface wave.

Abstract: Method and device for exciting a plasma using microwaves at the electronic cyclotronic resonance.The device for exciting a gaseous medium by microwaves comprises at least a co-axial structure for introducing the microwave power inside a multipolar confinement structure and at least one antenna coupled to said co-axial structure for the localized introduction of the microwave energy inside said multipolar magnetic confinement structure which comprises a set of permanent magnets creating a network of surfaces having a constant magnetic field and presenting locally an intensity which corresponds to the electronic cyclotronic resonance, and said antenna being positioned on said network of surfaces of constant magnetic field in an area of intensity corresponding to the electronic cyclotronic resonance.The invention finds an application in the creation of a homogenous, isotropic plasma of large volume and high density, which is free of fields in the area of use.

Abstract: A panoramic light emitter of an omnidirectional horizontal light beam with very sharp cut-off in the vertical plane is disclosed. The sharp cut-off prevents interference near airports. High average powers are attainable because the light source can be distributed rather than be a point source. The omnidirectional-in-the-horizontal-plane light emitter with a high degree of vertical beam control is achieved by combining a generally cylindrical refractor with an internally emitting open-ended generally conical light source. The internal emitting surface of the conical light source is in the focal plane of the cylindrical refractor. The refractor sharply images the source with its edges, and that image is projected panoramically as the light beam having sharp cut-off at the edges of the image. The external surface of the conical light source does not emit, thus preventing undesired angles of light from passing out through the refractor.

Abstract: Disclosed is a heater for indirect-heated cathode having a heating element composed of a wire with a high specific resistance, such as titanium or titanium-based alloy, around which another wire with a low specific resistance is wound, and having a heat-resisting insulating material covering at least part of said heating element.

Abstract: The invention is a gas mixture for a diffuse discharge switch which is capable of changing from a conducting state to an insulating state in the presence of electrons upon the introduction of laser light. The mixture is composed of a buffer gas such as nitrogen or argon and an electron attaching gas such as C.sub.6 H.sub.5 SH, C.sub.6 H.sub.5 SCH.sub.3, CH.sub.3 CHO and CF.sub.3 CHO wherein the electron attachment is brought on by indirect excitation of molecules to long-lived states by exposure to laser light.

Abstract: In a flat cathode ray display tube having an electron gun adjacent a rear wall of the tube's envelope which produces an electron beam travelling across the rear wall before being turned in the opposite direction and then deflected onto a screen carried by faceplate opposite the rear wall, getter means is situated in one or more recesses, each defined at least in part by an elongate rib formed in the rear wall, e.g. by pressing, with the recess wall shielding the getter means directly from the gun to prevent contamination. The rib serves also to strengthen the rear wall. A line scanning deflector is similarly shielded.

Abstract: A compact fluorescent lamp with a screw base having a lamp with an inner tube, an outer case which is provided at one end of the lamp and includes an operating circuit section therein and has a screw base at one end of the outer case, and a molding compound having excellent insulation and good conduction of heat which is pressed and interposed into the gap between the operating circuit section and the outer case in order to transfer the heat generated in the operating circuit section to the outer case.

Abstract: A load is provided, at all times when in operation, with a D.C. voltage having at least a minimum holding magnitude by: providing a source voltage having a peak magnitude greater than the holding magnitude; connecting the source voltage to the load only while the source voltage magnitude is greater than a preselected magnitude; charging from the peak source voltage magnitude an energy storage element while the load is connnected to the source voltage; energizing the load from the charged energy storage element whenever the source voltage magnitude is less than the preselected magnitude; increasing the effective impedance of the load whenever the load is energized by the storage element; and selecting the energy storage element to provide at least the holding voltage to the load during each time interval when the energy storage element is connected to the load.