Abstract: A light-emitting, specifically electroluminescent, europium-containing Group IIA fluoride epitaxial layer on silicon with a europium concentration in the range of from about 4 to about 40 wt % and a molecular beam epitaxy method for growth thereof are provided. Also provided is a light-emitting, specifically electroluminescent, device including a europium-containing Group IIA fluoride epitaxial layer on silicon with a europium concentration in the range of from about 4 to about 40 wt %. The Group IIA fluoride layer exhibits electroluminescence in the wavelength range of from about 450 to about 700 nm.

Abstract: A field-emission cold cathode has a conductive cold-cathode substrate on which a plurality of conical emitters and a base insulator layer are formed. A ring-shaped gate electrode, a plate-shaped inner electrode, and a ring-shaped outer electrode are formed on the base insulator layer with the ring-shaped gate electrode disposed between the plate-shaped inner electrode and the ring-shaped outer electrode. A voltage supplying unit supplies the ring-shaped gate electrode, the plate-shaped inner electrode, and the ring-shaped outer electrode with a gate voltage, an inner electrode voltage, and an outer electrode voltage, each referenced to a substrate potential of the conductive cold-cathode substrate, wherein the gate voltage is higher than each of the inner electrode voltage and the outer electrode voltage.

Abstract: A funnel of a cathode ray tube includes a yoke attachment portion on which a deflection yoke is mounted so as to deflect the electron beam emitted from an electron gun along horizontal and vertical axis. At least one cross section of the yoke attachment portion, perpendicular to the tube axis, has an inner contour which is substantially rectangular with four sides. The sides are defined by convexities curved toward the tube axis and each having a peak on the horizontal or vertical axis. The inner contour of the cross section faces the electron beam passage region with a substantially constant gap.

Abstract: An organic electroluminescent device with graded region is formed, which includes a hole transporting region formed of hole transporting organic material, an electron transporting region formed of electron transporting organic material, and a graduated region disseminated between the hole transporting region and the electron transporting region. The graduated region changes, either in steps or continuously, from hole transporting organic material adjacent the hole transporting region to electron transporting organic material adjacent the electron transporting region. Electrical contacts are formed in communication with the hole transporting region and the electron transporting region.

Abstract: A reading lamp has a base seat, a hollow casing disposed on the base seat, a link device disposed between the base seat and the hollow casing, a lamp disposed between the base seat and the hollow casing, a button disposed on the hollow casing, a transparent plate disposed in the hollow casing, and a cover disposed on the hollow casing covering the transparent plate. The cover has a mirror reflecting a light from a bulb to a book while the cover is opened.

Abstract: A light fixture comprises a lamp assembly, a cylindrical housing surrounding and supporting the lamp assembly, and a cylindrical mounting ring surrounding and supporting the cylindrical housing. The mounting ring includes an upper edge with a plurality of circumferentially spaced projections for engaging a support surface to define a plurality of airflow gaps. The mounting ring also has a pair of radially inwardly directed mounting tabs extending from the upper edge of the mounting ring for receiving fastener screws.

Abstract: The invention provides lighting fixtures, components for lighting fixtures and methods of assembling lighting fixtures. The invention involves the assembly of ornaments onto chandelier frame members without the use of hooks. The lighting fixture is sculpted by attaching ornaments to the frame in a fixed geometric pattern utilizing seating posts and retaining stops on the frame member. The frame member has an aligned position in which the retaining stops hold the crystals in place on the seating posts and a non-aligned position in which the retaining stops are moved whereby the ornaments can be placed on or off the seating posts without obstruction by the retaining stops. Preferably the chandelier is flexibly and elastically biasable into and out of the aligned and non-aligned position.

Abstract: A flashlight that includes a substantially watertight battery housing, a bulb mounted in a socket assembly, a reflector, and a lens covering a forward end of the reflector. A plurality of batteries are supported in the housing so that only if the batteries are correctly polarized will a circuit be completed to allow current from the batteries to energize the bulb. This reduces the emission of flammable gas or corrosive liquid from the batteries. A membrane seals a vent port in the battery housing and is made of a material that permits a flammable gas generated by the batteries within the housing to continuously escape from the housing through the membrane without permitting water to enter the housing through the membrane. Pellets are mounted inside the battery housing for neutralizing the effects of any flammable gas emitted within the battery housing that may have nevertheless been produced and not adequately vented.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus using an electron source which has matrix-wired electron-emitting devices connected with wiring electrodes of conductive material, and a fluorescent member as an image forming member with an accelerating electrode on its inner surface side, opposite to the electron-emitting devices. The wiring electrodes include a wiring electrode where a semiconductive support member (spacer) is provided via a conductive connection member and a wiring electrode where the semiconductive support member is not provided. The height of the upper surface of the conductive connection member on which the semiconductive support member is provided and that of the upper surface of the wiring electrode where the semiconductive support member is not provided are the same, to prevent shift of electron-beam trajectories around the semiconductive support member, due to disturbance of electric-field distribution.