Abstract: This disclosure relates to a chemical mechanical polishing apparatus, and may include: a polishing platen including an opening; a polishing pad positioned on the polishing platen and including a transmissive part overlapping the opening; a slurry supply supplying a slurry including a photocatalyst to the polishing pad; a head part positioned on the polishing pad and capable of mounting a wafer; and a light irradiation part positioned within the opening of the polishing platen.

Abstract: A chemical mechanical polishing apparatus includes a platen to support a polishing pad, a conditioner head to hold a conditioner disk in contact with the polishing pad, a motor to generate relative motion between the polishing pad and the conditioner disk so as to condition the polishing pad, an in-situ acoustic monitoring system having an acoustic sensor to receive acoustic signals from the conditioner disk, and a controller configured to analyze a signal from the acoustic sensor and determine a characteristic of the conditioner disk or conditioner head based on the signal.

Abstract: A torch for an arc process operation includes a handle and a trigger coupled to the handle. The trigger includes a base segment configured to rotate relative to the handle via a pivot, as well as an extended segment coupled to the base segment. The extended segment is configured to move relative to the base segment to transition the trigger between an extended configuration and a compact configuration, the extended segment extends away from the base segment in the extended configuration, and the extended segment extends along the base segment in the compact configuration.

Abstract: A method is provided for adjusting the relief pressure of a relief valve for a swing motor that can set the relief pressure of each relief valve with high accuracy without rotating the upper swing body. Sequentially switching the relief valve for the swing motor to be adjusted; and at a state that the rotation of each swing motor is forcibly stopped and the relief pressure of the relief valve for a swing motor to be adjusted is less than the relief pressure of the relief valve for the other swing motor, performing a process of adjusting the relief pressure of the relief valve for the swing motor to be adjusted while supplying the working oil from the pump at a flow rate less than the maximum flow rate of the swing motor.

Abstract: A hydraulic valve apparatus interposed between a hydraulic device and a hydraulic pump and controls supply of oil from the hydraulic pump to the hydraulic device by operating a spool provided in a valve body, in which the valve body includes two pump oil passages connected to separate hydraulic pumps via pump ports, and a plurality of linear motion spools separately provided corresponding to a plurality of linear motion hydraulic devices, the two pump oil passages are provided in the valve body to be arranged side by side along a same direction, the plurality of linear motion spools are connected to a portion located on one side of the pump port in the pump oil passages, and the two pump oil passages are connected to each other via a merging-separating oil passage including a merging-separating switching valve at an end portion located on one side of the pump port.

Abstract: An arrangement for operating a load-controlled hydraulic system of an agricultural tractor, includes a hydraulic pump generating a system pressure and having an actuating device to adjust a displacement volume, a hydrostatic vehicle steering system connected to the hydraulic pump and having a steering orbitrol and a first load-indicating pressure, a pressure-regulating valve connected upstream of the steering orbitrol and actuated via a pressure difference decreasing across a throttle element counter to a predetermined restoring force in accordance with the first load-indicating pressure, a second hydraulic consumer connected to the hydraulic pump and feeding a second load-indicating pressure back to a shuttle valve arrangement, which compares and transmits the respectively higher of the first and second load-indicating pressures to the actuating device to adjust the displacement volume, and a pressure-copying valve indirectly feeding back the first load-indicating pressure to the shuttle valve arrangement.

Abstract: Provided is a cylinder device provided with a mechanism for detecting, in three stages, the position of an output member by using the outer periphery of a piston rod of the output member, and the inner wall of a housing. A housing (2) is provided with an A passage (Ap) for supplying compressed gas, and a B passage (Bp) for discharge to the atmosphere. A piston rod (3) is provided with a projection (12a) that pulls and pushes down the seal member (11) together with an annular valve member (10).

Abstract: A hydraulic valve includes: a valve main body having a first port and a second port; and a spool movable along an axial center with respect to the valve main body. Further, the spool is provided with a main passage portion, a first passage portion, and a second passage portion, an opening area of the first passage portion with respect to the first port is changed, and flow rate control of oil from the first port to the second port through the main passage portion is performed, a plurality of the first passage portions is provided in the spool in, and the main passage portion of the spool has a first region, a second region, and a third region, an inner diameter of the first region being formed larger than that of the second region, and the third region being formed in a tapered shape.

Abstract: A mount plate for removably connecting a fluid end of a reciprocating pump to a power end for a reciprocating pump includes a first set of openings and a second set of openings, each of which extend through the main body. The first set of openings are configured to receive a first set of couplers that couple the mount plate to a front of the power end. The second set of openings are configured to receive a second set of couplers that couple the mount plate to a fluid end in a spaced relationship. The mount plate may also include a third set of openings that extend through the main body and are configured to receive pony rods of the power end.

Abstract: A pressure cylinder includes a working cylinder and an intensification cylinder that is divided by a separator block. A working piston is arranged in the working cylinder and connected to a working rod that extends to an end portion. An intensification piston and an intensification rod are arranged in the intensification cylinder. A pump is configured to provide a pressurized hydraulic fluid to the pressure cylinder. A fluid reservoir is configured to supply a hydraulic fluid to the pump. An overpressure circuit fluidly connects the advance working chamber and the retract passage, a pressure relief valve is arranged in overpressure circuit, the pressure relief valve is configured to open from a normally closed position to communicate fluid from the advance working chamber to the retract passage when the advance working chamber reaches an undesired threshold.

Abstract: A module forming a mechanical actuator of the muscle or fluidic bladder type, capable of being used on a robot. The module includes: first and second sealed end couplings/connectors provided with fluid supply/circulation elements; and a flexible shell/membrane arranged between the first and second end couplings. The flexible shell is capable of deforming between an inflated state, when an inflation fluid is introduced into the shell, and a deflated state, when the inflation fluid is discharged/removed from the shell. Passage of the shell from one state to the other transmits/applies a force and/or a translational movement. At least one flexible sheath in the form of a tube is arranged inside the shell and opens at the end connectors, providing a passage extending longitudinally through the module. The flexible sheath is fluid-tight and forms, with the shell and the end connectors, an inflation chamber into which the inflation fluid is introduced.

Abstract: A configuration of a hydraulic motor according to the present disclosure includes: a cylinder barrel rotatably supported in a housing together with a shaft; a plurality of pistons slidably inserted into the cylinder barrel in an axial direction; a swash plate for changing strokes of the pistons; a control piston for adjusting an angle of the swash plate; a valve body provided with an inflow port and an outflow port; a female thread formed at an end portion of the shaft of the cylinder barrel on a valve body side; a shaft member (hexagonal bolt) having irregularities on an outer peripheral portion and attached to the female thread; and a sensor disposed between the inflow port and the outflow port and detecting the irregularities of the shaft member.

Abstract: In a method and a system for transmitting hydraulic power between a pump and an actuator, the actuator has an inlet and an outlet for hydraulic fluid, and in between and external to the actuator an actuator circuit, in which hydraulic fluid is circulated from the outlet to the inlet. A pulse pump generates pressure pulses at the desired frequency and hydraulic power is transmitted to the actuator with the help of pressure pulses by converting the pressure pulses into a flow going to the inlet. The return flows from the actuator are returned during the period between the pressure pulses to be used in the pressure pulse following each return flow, whereby an amount of hydraulic fluid corresponding to the volume of the pressure pulses moves across the cross-sectional flow area back and forth in the power transmission pipe or hose between the pulse pump and the actuator.

Abstract: A work machine includes a first hydraulic circuit, a second hydraulic circuit, a single electric motor, and a controller. The first hydraulic circuit includes a first pump and a first valve. The first pump is configured to drive a first group of hydraulic accessories. The second hydraulic circuit includes a second pump and a variable pressure valve. The second pump is configured to drive a second group of hydraulic accessories. The single electric motor is connected/configured to drive the first pump and the second pump. The controller configured to estimate a torque of the second pump, estimate a total torque of the motor as a sum of a current operating torque of the motor and the estimate of the torque of the second pump, and, on condition the total torque of the motor is greater than a threshold torque, lower an operating torque of at least one of the first pump or the second pump.

Abstract: The present invention aims to provide a work machine capable of performing tasks with high precision by preventing the deterioration of speed responsiveness of the hydraulic cylinder driving the working device, as well as preventing the hydraulic cylinder from surging or deviating. To achieve this, the controller calculates the correction value for the target operating pressure of the flow control valve to keep the meter-out pressure of the hydraulic cylinder, measured while driving the hydraulic cylinder to perform a predetermined operation on the working device, within a range from a predetermined first lower limit to a predetermined first upper limit, and corrects the target operating pressure according to the correction value.

Abstract: The application pertains to a process for subsea power generation and fluid utilization from open water currents. In one embodiment the process comprises channeling water from a subsea current through a pipe system constructed to withstand subsea pressures; creating a water hammered pressurized fluid within the pipe system; directing the water hammered pressurized fluid through a delivery valve; and using the water hammered pressurized fluid.

Abstract: A valve arrangement includes a plurality of hydraulic rail ports each configured to be coupled to a pressure rail, a plurality of hydraulic chamber ports each configured to be coupled to a chamber of one or more actuators, a plurality of proportional valves each corresponding to one of the plurality of hydraulic chamber ports, one or more sets of on-off valves and check valves coupling two or more hydraulic rail ports to each of the supply sides of each of the plurality of proportional valves, and one or more sets of on-off valves and check valves coupling two or more hydraulic rail ports to each of the return sides of each of the plurality of proportional valves, wherein electively operating each of the on-off valves and the proportional valves provides selective pressure or flow to each one of the plurality of hydraulic chamber ports.

Abstract: A plurality of control valves (39A to 39D, 40A to 40D, 41A to 41D, 42A to 42D, 43) is aligned and disposed in the right-and-left direction and in the vertical direction on a first mounting surface (38C) and a second mounting surface (38D). Further, a plurality of control valves (47, 48) is aligned and disposed in the right-and-left direction and in the vertical direction on a first mounting surface (46B) and a second mounting surface (46C).

Abstract: The disclosure herein relates to a single acting hydraulic cylinder (100) configured to provide a smooth extension stroke of a piston (102). The cylinder (100) includes a piston rod (108) connected to the piston (102), wherein the piston rod (108) has a plurality of orifices (110) defined at pre-determined positions, and the piston (102) has a groove (106) defined in fluid communication with the orifices (110) and a fluid gallery (104) defined in the piston (102). The orifices allow fluid to flow from an annular side chamber (124) to a full-bore side chamber (125) via the fluid gallery at end of extension stroke, to gradually dampen impact of the piston (102) with a cylinder head end cover (130). The cylinder prevents jolts and jerks in a hydraulic system, provides better control, and ease in operation.

Abstract: A closed-circuit pipe group (30) that constitutes a closed circuit system (25 to 28) is distributed through upper positions of a closed-circuit hydraulic pump (29) and an open-circuit hydraulic pump (35) along an upper surface plate (22) of a housing (20). Further, an open-circuit pipe group (36) that constitutes an open circuit system (31 to 34) is distributed through lower positions of the closed-circuit hydraulic pump (29) and the open-circuit hydraulic pump (35) along a revolving frame (8). Therefore, a working space for performing operational work can be formed between the closed-circuit pipe group (30) and the open-circuit pipe group (36).