Abstract: The mixing head is provided with a flow restrictor 5 which can be driven into the mixing chamber 2 downstream of the inlet orifices 3, and whose front face (for 6) is matched to the contour of the mixing chamber to avoid leaving any space here which cannot be purged by the purging plunger. When the flow restrictor is pushed forward into its working or restricting position, it is simultaneously rotated, the extent of rotation being no more than 90.degree. by the time the restricting position has been reached. This makes it possible to drive the flow restrictor much further into the mixing chamber than when no rotation is effected. The tongues or projections 6 produced as a result of matching the front face to the contour of the mixing chamber only come into contact with the sections of the mixing chamber wall which are opposite the flow restrictor.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an apparatus for the mineralization of compounds which includes a micro-wave heating chamber which receives the sample containing portion of a sample container and has a stack which surrounds the upper portion of the sample container which extends out of the micro-wave heating chamber. The apparatus further includes a transporting system which supplies the sample containers to the micro-wave heating chamber in individual, automatic and random succession.

Abstract: An automatic sampling system and method for introducing a diluted viscous sample into an instrument for analysis for trace elements. The automatic sampling system includes a tube assembly, a member for mounting the tube assembly in proper relation, means for maintaining, between sampling, the free end of the tube assembly in a cleaning solution, and means for inserting the free end of the tube assembly into a sample contained within a container. Preferably, the instrument is a spectrometer, the samples are organic and aqueous samples, such as oils, brines, sludges, plating solutions and the like, and the trace elements include wear metals and also other elements, such as calcium, barium, zinc, sodium, magnesium, boron, phosphor and the like.

Abstract: An apparatus for rotating reaction vessels in an inclined posture, comprising a plate, means for rotatably supporting the plate, means for rotating the plate at a predetermined speed, a plurality of reaction vessel holders mounted on the edge portion of the plate and adapted for mounting reaction vessels, means for rotating the reaction vessel holders around their axes at a predetermined speed, and means for fixing the plate supporting means in such a manner that the reaction vessel holders may be inclined at a predetermined angle to the horizon.

Abstract: A gas dosimeter comprises a stack of porous sheets, impregnated with a reagent that changes color on contact with the gas to be determined, contained in a housing which has an opening to expose one end of the stack to the atmosphere to be tested. The gas to be determined penetrates by diffusion the layers of porous sheets, causing the sheets in the stack to change color sequentially from the end of the stack exposed to the atmosphere. The degree of penetration through the layers of porous sheets is a function of dosage exposure. The housing may be transparent with each superposed sheet in the stack being larger than the adjacent underlying sheet, so that each sheet is visible through the housing endwall.

Abstract: Hydrocarbon vapors containing HF, as from an HF alkylation refrigerated vent gas yield, the reactor settler, and the like are charged to a liquid knock-out drum to remove entrained liquid therefrom, the recovered liquid being pumped to storage in response to liquid level control on the knock-out drum. Recovered vapors are charged to a circulating aqueous caustic treater to yield HF-free vapors, as to a flare. The circulating caustic solution is indirectly heated in response to a preselected caustic solution temperature to prevent freezing. A high pressure rupture disc, upstream from the knock-out drum, affords a vapor relief safety by-pass of the treater. Dry gas, such as nitrogen or sweet, natural gas, continuously sweeps the relief line to maintain this line open and operable.

Abstract: A liquid-liquid contactor comprised of a jet of fluid 1 flowing through a coaxial, cocurrently flowing stream of fluid 2 (fluid 1 and fluid 2 being immiscible), with one or both of the fluids being continuously recycled. This device is used as a scientific instrument to measure the rate of interphase transfer of material dissolved in or comprising one of the fluids. The device can also be employed to acquire data on chemical reactions occurring at the interface between the two fluids, in a film adjacent to the interface, or throughout the volume of one or both of the fluids.

Abstract: Apparatus for the diacritic cracking of heavy hydrocarbon feeds includes a combustor for burning a fuel, to provide the hot combustion products to the reactor. The combustor is water cooled and includes gas filming with an appropriate gas such as N.sub.2 or CO.sub.2 to avoid coking in the combustor by preventing impingement of the fuel and combustion products on the combustor walls. The reactor is of reduced cross-section, also preferably utilizing gas filming to avoid coking on the reactor walls. Feed stock injectors are provided adjacent the reactor inlet. Adjacent the outlet end of the reactor is a quench section designed for the rapid injection of a quench fluid to reduce the stream temperature below that at which further cracking will take place, with the quench injectors also being gas filmed to avoid the coking thereof.

Abstract: A centrifugal analyzer which includes a rotating disc having a pair of wells, one for the reagent and another of the sample, which are connected to a measuring chamber by a transfer channel which has means for creating a pressure differential and/or turbulence to produce a homogeneous mixture.

Abstract: A method and apparatus is disclosed for measuring blood coagulation factor, operating on the principle wherein the clotting time (T) of a sample of blood to which a reagent has been added is measured; and then the measured clotting time (T) is converted into a quantity (A) in accordance with the equation: ##EQU1## where: Ao is an activation value amount taken on the assumption that an apparently negative or positive residual amount of coagulation factors, which are the object of measurement, exists in a diluted blood plasma solution prepared to obtain various values of activation, unit and concentration;An is the normal or standard activation value of normal blood plasma;B is a constant used in converting from clotting time (T) into activation value;Tn is the clotting time of said normal blood; andP and Q are logarithmic bases;In order to eliminate the influence caused by Ao and minimize the errors deriving from the conversion.

Abstract: A tracer system is disclosed which is especially useful for following fluid flow in underground reservoirs. Metal chelates, preferably derived from EDTA and containing a functional group which reacts with a fluorogenic agent, are used as tracers. Liquid chromatography and fluorescense spectroscopy are used to detect the metal chelates.

Abstract: A coke oven, comprises a housing having an interior vertically elongated coke oven chamber with a plurality of vertically extending binding walls subdividing the oven chamber into a plurality of heating flues. A nozzle in each of the binder walls between the heating flues discharges a rich gas into each flue. In addition, the binder walls contain respective first and second vertical air ducts arranged in alternate binder walls between the flues with alternate ones of the air ducts having discharges at one or more levels above the others of each binder duct wall and connecting into the flues on each side of the associated binding wall. An air duct supply is connected separately to the alternate ones in each of the other air supply ducts.

Abstract: Method of determining discontinuites in the heat exchanger of a warm air furnace directed to spraying the burner within the furnace with a non-corrosive solution of sodium carbonate. The solution is sprayed on the burner after it is heated and in operation but with the blower fan inoperative. Thereafter a blue flame from a gas torch is played adjacent to or into a register or opening in the plenum of the furnace or an opening in the piping or duct work leading from the plenum. If the blue flame turns yellow this indicates there is a deleterious leakage of combustion gases from the heat exchanger of the furnace.

Abstract: An element for the analysis or transport of liquid, especially aqueous liquids, contains a structure comprising a plurality of heat-stable, organo-polymeric particles non-swellable in and impermeable to the liquid, and an adhesive concentrated at particle surface areas contiguous to adjacent particles bonding the particles into a coherent, three-dimensional lattice that is non-swellable in the liquid. A substantial portion of the particle surface area in this lattice structure is therefore effectively free from adhesive. The lattice structure has interconnected void spaces among the particles representing a total void volume of about 25 to 80 percent to provide for transport of the liquid. The adhesive comprises an organic polymer different from that of the particles and insoluble in the liquid under analysis. The amount of adhesive in the structure is less than 10 weight percent of the particles.

Abstract: The invention comprises a method and apparatus for the detection, or detection and concentration determination, of nitric oxide in a gas mixture, particularly in tobacco smoke. The apparatus comprises sampling means operable to isolate a predetermined amount of the gas mixture and pass it to a reaction chamber, means for supplying to that chamber a further gas chemiluminescently reactable with the nitric oxide, and detection means responsive to luminescence emitted in the said chamber. The method comprises operating sampling means to isolate a predetermined amount of the gas mixture and supply it to a reaction chamber, supplying to that chamber a further gas chemiluminescently reactable with the nitric oxide, and operating means to detect luminescence in the said chamber. A carrier gas may be used for transferring the predetermined amount of gas mixture from the sampling means to the reaction chamber.

Abstract: N-nitrosamines are reacted with a denitrosating agent to cleave the N--NO bond and yield nitric oxide which may be analyzed to determine both qualitatively and quantitatively, the N-nitrosamine content of a test sample. The denitrosating reagent has the advantage of being useful, even in the presence of substantial amounts of water, and comprises a mixture of glacial acetic acid and a concentrated inorganic acid which is either phosphoric acid or sulfuric acid. The volume ratio of glacial acetic to concentrated acid is within the ratio of from 1:2 to 5:1. This acid component mixture is combined with from about 0.1% to about 5% by weight of soluble inorganic bromide or iodide salt.

Abstract: The apparatus of the present invention includes a quartz flask for containing 71% nitric acid and the organic matrix to be destroyed, a Soxhlet extractor disposed above the flask, and a Friedrich coldfinger reflux condenser disposed above the extractor. A Meeker or Fisher burner is employed to provide heat to the flask and distill the acid, and the vapors are condensed within the condenser and transmitted to the extractor. An adjustable volume displacement cylinder is disposed within the extractor so as to control siphoning of the acid condensate from the extractor back into the flask. The distillation-condensation-siphoning procedure of the present invention is automatically operative once the displacement cylinder is adjusted. The organic matrix is completely destroyed so as to produce a clear, colorless acid solution within which the trace inorganic salts are disposed. The acid solution may be subsequently qualitatively and quantitatively analyzed in accordance with known techniques.

Abstract: A blood oxygenating device of the type having an oxygenating chamber, a settling chamber, and a heat exchange chamber. A bubbler assembly within the oxygenating chamber including a housing with blood and oxygen inlet means, an outlet opening for blood bubbles which extends 360 degrees around the bubbler assembly housing, and a continuous closed passageway therebetween for effecting optimum oxygen-carbon dioxide exchange. Blood bubbles pass from the outlet means through a defoamer unit for debubbling. A defoamer support member on the outside of the bubbler assembly housing supports the defoamer unit and affords an open passageway for blood bubbles to flow from the outlet means downwardly adjacent the outside of the bubbler assembly housing into the defoamer unit. The blood, after passing through the defoamer unit, flows first into the settling chamber and then along a divided annular path through the heat exchange chamber for the transfer of heat thereto.