Abstract: The disclosure relates to lanthanum-yttrium oxide scintillators used for detecting radiation, such as X-rays, gamma rays and thermal neutron radiation and charged particles, in security, medical imaging, particle physics and other applications.

Abstract: The present specification describes an improved multi-energy radiation detector. In one embodiment, the signal generated by the detection medium is converted to digital form directly at the point of signal collection. This avoids the need for power intensive high bandwidth amplifiers and analog-to-digital converters, as it integrates the sensing device and signal processing onto the same silicon substrate to reduce the number of components in the system. In one embodiment, a single photon avalanche diode (SPAD) is coupled directly to a threshold detector to achieve an intrinsically low power and low noise detector.

Abstract: Determining a value indicative of hydrogen index. At least some of the example embodiments are methods including obtaining an inelastic count rate and a capture count rate of a gamma detector for a particular borehole depth in a formation, calculating a ratio of an inelastic count rate to a capture count rate for the particular borehole depth, and determining a value indicative of hydrogen index based on the ratio of the inelastic count rate to the capture count rate for the particular borehole depth.

Abstract: Determining a value indicative of hydrogen index. At least some of the example embodiments are methods including obtaining an inelastic count rate and a capture count rate of a first gamma detector for a particular borehole depth, obtaining an inelastic count rate and a capture count rate of a second gamma detector for the particular borehole depth, calculating a ratio of an inelastic count rate to a capture count rate for the first gamma detector, thereby creating a first value, calculating a ratio of an inelastic count rate to a capture count rate for the second gamma detector, thereby creating a second value, calculating a ratio of the first and second values, and determining a value indicative of hydrogen index based on the ratio of the first and second values.

Abstract: A multi-radiation identification and dosimetry system and method that allows for monitoring of alpha, beta, and gamma radiation is disclosed. The system/method incorporates a segmented silicon drift detector (SSDD) that allows measurement of directly absorbed radiation in the semiconductor (betas, conversion electrons, Lx lines, and alphas) on one SSDD segment and radiation from a radiation scintillation detector (RSD) on multiple segments of the SSDD. With the anode side of the SSDD directed toward the radiation inspection surface (RIS), the SSDD+RSD stacked radiation detector collects radiation which is processed by a charge sensitive amplifier (CSA) and then processed by a time stamping differentiator (TSD). A computing control device (CCD) may be configured to collect the time stamp differentiation data from the various SSDD segments to permit the simultaneous discrimination of several types of radiation by and presentation of these radiation types and counts on a display monitor.

Abstract: The disclosed flow cytometer includes a wavelength division multiplexer (WDM). The WDM includes an extended light source providing light that forms an object, a collimating optical element that captures light from the extended light source and projects a magnified image of the object as a first light beam, and a first focusing optical element configured to focus the first light beam to a size smaller than the object of the extended light source to a first semiconductor detector. The disclosed flow cytometer further includes a composite microscope objective to direct light emitted by a particle in a flow channel in a viewing zone of the composite microscope to the extended light source, a fluidic system and a peristaltic pump configured to supply liquid sheath and liquid sample to the flow channel, and a laser diode system to illuminate the particle in the flow channel.

Abstract: A solid state photomultiplier includes at least one microcell configured to generate an initial analog signal when exposed to optical photons. The solid state photomultiplier further includes a quench circuit electrically coupled with the at least one microcell. The quench circuit includes at least one quench resistor configured to exhibit a substantially constant temperature coefficient of resistance over a selected temperature range.

Abstract: A housing assembly includes a base and a front assembly assembled with the base. The base includes a bottom and a sidewall that surrounds a peripheral edge of the bottom, and the front assembly is configured to engage with the sidewalls and close an open end of the base. The front assembly includes a latch that protrudes inward from an inner surface, and a spring-biased cam is rotatably supported on the base. The cam includes a cam surface that is engaged with the latch in such a way that rotation of the cam about the rotational axis results in a translation of the front assembly relative to the base in a direction parallel to the cam rotational axis. The cam is manually actuated using a tool.

Abstract: Light emitting modules are provided in which light emission and sensing functions are integrated into a single module. Example embodiments utilize a non-planar light guide to create a cavity within which sensing components are configured. Some embodiments provide for collection of directional information regarding light incident to the lighting module.

Abstract: A method for optically acquiring a wind turbine for monitoring purposes with the aid of an aircraft, in particular a manned or unmanned rotorcraft, which has at least one camera installed thereon, wherein the wind turbine comprises a plurality of rotor blades, the surface of which is scanned within the scope of the method.

Abstract: A charged particle detecting device includes: a holding structure; a first charged particle detector at the terminal portion of the holding structure; a second charged particle detector at the terminal portion of the holding structure; a detector head at the terminal portion of the holding structure; and a first electrode which is transmissive for the first and second species of charged particles covering an entrance opening of the detector head.

Abstract: The system for determining and imaging wax deposition and corrosion in pipelines relate to systems for determining wax deposition and corrosion by one or both of two techniques. In both techniques, a source of neutron radiation is directed at the pipeline. In one technique, a neutron detector surrounded by an absorption shield defining a collimation window counts neutrons reflected back to the detector by back diffusion or backscatter radiation. In the other technique, a gamma ray detector measures gamma rays emitted when the emitted neutrons are absorbed in the pipeline. A neutron moderator-reflector is placed around three sides of the pipeline to increase the likelihood of neutron capture. A gamma detector surrounded by a gamma absorption shield defining a collimation window counts neutron capture gamma rays. An energy window can be taken for selection of Fe and H gamma rays for high precision imaging.

Abstract: In various embodiments, a light-emitting apparatus is provided. The light-emitting apparatus includes at least one semiconductor light source configured to emit at least one primary light beam, a deflection device configured to deflect the at least one primary light beam onto respectively associated different positions on a phosphor body, at least one light detector configured to detect light that was emitted by the phosphor body, and an evaluation device. The evaluation device is configured to identify damage to the phosphor body on the basis of at least one measurement signal generated by the at least one light detector, and to correlate the at least one measurement signal with at least one position on the phosphor body.

Abstract: Solid state lasers are disclosed herein. An example laser disclosed herein includes a monolithic body having a first end and a second end. The monolithic body includes a first reflector disposed on the first end, a second reflector disposed on the second end, and a solid state gain medium and a Q-switch disposed between the first reflector and the second reflector. The example laser also includes a pump source to cause a population inversion in the solid state gain medium to cause the monolithic body to output a laser pulse. Various applications of the solid state laser are also disclosed herein.

Abstract: Accurate radioactive surface contamination measurement, regardless of the size of the hand of the subject, is obtained with a radiation monitor having a hand monitoring section including a first detecting unit that may be fixed and a second detecting unit that may be movable arranged opposite one another, an insertion opening connected to an insertion space defined between the units into which the hand is inserted, and a displacing mechanism that displaces the first detecting unit and the second detecting unit relatively to each other into closer proximity upon insertion of the hand. The hand monitoring section detects radioactive rays emitted from radioactive materials attracted to the hand of the subject with one of the palm of the hand or the back of the hand being made to face the fixed detecting unit side and the other being made to face the movable detecting unit side.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a detection layer on a substrate. For example, a detection layer may include perovskite crystals of the type ABX3 and/or AB2X4. A may include at least one monovalent, divalent or trivalent element from the fourth or a higher period in the periodic table and/or mixtures thereof. B may include a monovalent cation, the volumetric parameter of which is sufficient, with the respective element A, for perovskite lattice formation. X may be selected from the group consisting of anions of halides and pseudohalides. The layer may have a thickness of at least 10 ?m.

Abstract: A wellbore survey tool and methods for estimating a direction of highest gamma ray intensity of a gamma ray distribution are provided. The tool includes a body having a center axis. The body is configured to be placed within a wellbore. The tool further includes a plurality of gamma ray detectors within the body. Each detector of the plurality of gamma ray detectors has a direction of maximum gamma ray sensitivity with the direction having a non-zero component perpendicular to the center axis. The non-zero components of the plurality of gamma ray detectors are spaced circumferentially about the center axis.

Abstract: A low-temperature safe sensor package. The package includes a housing having an internal cavity, an inlet port in communication with the internal cavity and a fluid source, and an outlet port in communication with the internal cavity. A sensor carrier is moveably arranged within the internal cavity. A spring element is arranged between the sensor carrier and a portion of the housing for biasing the sensor carrier into an operating position within the internal cavity.

Abstract: To provide a method for estimating a concentration of carboxylic acid gas, which is capable of measuring safely the concentration of carboxylic acid gas such as formic acid gas or the like in a chamber of a soldering apparatus in real time, and a soldering apparatus capable of estimating the concentration of the carboxylic acid gas in the chamber. The method includes the steps of measuring a surface temperature of a same object placed in the chamber at a same point in time by using a thermometer (first thermometer) for measuring a temperature without any influence of infrared absorption by carboxylic acid, and a radiation thermometer (second thermometer) for measuring a temperature by infrared in a wavelength region that the carboxylic acid absorbs, and estimating the concentration of the carboxylic acid gas in the chamber on the basis of a temperature difference (?Tx) between temperatures indicated by the first and second thermometers.

Abstract: An apparatus for detecting the presence of a nuclear reactor by the detection of antineutrinos from the reactor can include a radioactive sample having a measurable nuclear activity level and a decay rate capable of changing in response to the presence of antineutrinos, and a detector associated with the radioactive sample. The detector is responsive to at least one of a particle or radiation formed by decay of the radioactive sample. A processor associated with the detector can correlate rate of decay of the radioactive sample to a flux of the antineutrinos to detect the reactor.