Abstract: A television camera including an image sensor comprising a photosensitive array of photoelements arranged in a matrix, selected photoelements storing photon produced charge in response to an image focussed onto the surface of the array, a signal from respective photoelements being sequentially read out to output means in the form of a packet of charge. A series of original signals obtained from the output means are divided into segment signals, adjacent segment signals being added together to provide an arithmetic mean which is used as one component signal of a television signal.

Abstract: Responsive to signal samples of a color television signal including a carrier chrominance signal, a predictive encoder produces quantized prediction error signals in compliance with a first transfer characteristic (1 - P.sub.1)(1 - P.sub.2), wherein minima which are substantially equal to zero are taken by the absolute value of 1 - P.sub.1 in the neighborhood of frame frequency and by the absolute value of 1 - P.sub.2 in the neighborhoods of zero frequency and subcarrier frequency. Responsive to the quantized prediction error signals, a predictive decoder produces reproduced samples in compliance with a second transfer characteristic of the inverse of the first transfer characteristic.

Abstract: An arrangement for the elimination of spurious chrominance component in the main luminance output signal from a chrominance-luminance separator of the comb filter type. The full band luminance signal from the comb filter is applied as one input to a switching circuit and the luminance component is also filtered by a low pass filter having a characteristic to roll off at the chrominance subcarrier frequency and applied as a second input to the switching circuit. The switching circuit is arranged to normally transmit the full band luminance component and to be switched to couple the filtered luminance signal only upon occurrence of spurious chrominance components in the luminance signal. The switching circuit is actuated by a control signal derived by comparing the top and bottom line signals in the comb filter and producing a gating signal for the switching circuit when there is a difference in the chrominance in the top and bottom lines.

Abstract: A solid state television camera, employing a charge-coupled device with image sensing cells aligned in both the horizontal and vertical directions. The positions of image sensing cells in one horizontal scanning line are shifted 180.degree. relative to those of the adjacent horizontal scanning line. Upon reading out image information, read-out signals of every other line are delayed by 180.degree.; then the image information of two adjacent horizontal scanning lines are mixed, whereby a sampling error is avoided.

Abstract: Apparatus is described for generating simultaneously luminance and chroma signals in a video game for use with a standard NTSC television receiver. Game object color can be changed on the occurrence of a game event. Independent control over the brightness and hue for each marker is provided.

Abstract: A low light level camera includes a plurality of identical modular-type intensifier assemblies which are removably clamped together, and are connected in electrical parallel with one another. The intensifier assembly is axially movable with respect to the camera frame and lens for focus adjustment.

Abstract: A circuit and process for decoding the output signal of a single-tube color television camera which is characterized in that the output signal of the camera tube is connected to a high-pass filter and a low-pass filter each of which are followed by two series-connected delay lines exhibiting a delay in each case of one line length, that the series connection of the delay lines are each connected to two summing elements each with three inputs for the undelayed signal, the singly delayed signal and the doubly delayed signal, where a further summing element for the undelayed and the doubly delayed high frequency signal is connected to the high-pass filter and the following delay lines, that the outputs of the first two summing elements which are connected to the high-pass filter each lead through a band-pass filter and a demodulator to an input of a matrix. A third and fourth summing element are connected to the doubly delayed, the singly delayed and the undelayed lines from the low-pass filter.

Abstract: A solid state color television camera which handles a composite color video signal consisting of interlaced full field informations. The color camera employs a charge coupled device the picture elements of which are selected to be in a shifted relation by 1/2 of alignment pitch in the vertical direction between odd and even fields, and in which a color filter to be disposed between an object and the charge coupled device is arranged in its construction such that the charge coupled device is capable of supplying output video signals of the same color components between odd and even fields.

Abstract: A three-dimensional television system wherein a plurality of television cameras are disposed, for example, equidistantly from each other on a horizontal plane including a plurality of foreground subjects; each foreground subject is photographed at a plurality of different planes by using those cameras so as to obtain an image corresponding to each plane; the points of the image thus obtained which correspond to specific points of the foreground subject are mutually connected to form an angular division distribution pattern; this angular division distribution pattern is classified for transmission into brightness signals, depth signals, etc. thereby to restore the image signal of each plane from the brightness signals, depth signals, etc. thus transmitted; and from these restored signals a three-dimensional image is reproduced for display by means of a cathode ray tube (CRT).

Abstract: A method of color correction of the particular application to a color scanner having a color correction circuit, an analog-digital converter and a memory. Color separation signals obtained by scanning a color original are first compressed to the color ranges reproducible by printing inks by the color correction circuit and then converted at the analog-digital converter to digital signals, which are to be utilized as addressing signals. Memorized in the memory are only correction signals whose absolute values are relatively small so as to effect a considerable reduction of a memory capacity of the memory. The correction signals are read out by the digital signals and added thereto, whereby suitably-corrected signals for recording color separation images can be obtained.

Abstract: An apparatus for reading a disc-shaped record carrier, which apparatus comprises provisions such as a command device, for reproducing the recorded information in a scanning sequence which differs from that during recording. In order to maintain the line-sequential phase alternation of the color signal during reproduction via a PAL or SECAM receiver, a correction circuit has been provided. The correction circuit comprises a delay line for delaying the chrominance signal by one line period and a recombination circuit with a switch which is controlled by the command device. The recombination circuit, depending on the position of the switch, supplies an output signal which consists of the combination of the luminance signal and either the chrominance signal or the chrominance signal which has been delayed by one line period.

Abstract: An off-the-air color video recorder employs frequency interleaved chroma and luminance signal information for purposes of bandwidth compression. During playback, a shooting gallery picture defect characterized by motion along horizontal scene edges was noted. Analysis indicated the problem source to be the bleeding of chroma into the playback luminance channel. To avoid this problem, the chroma signal information, prior to recording, has its vertical resolution reduced, e.g., by line-by-line averaging of chroma.

Abstract: Three cathode ray tubes are provided for projecting and converging three different primary color images on a back projection screen. The back projection screen has a first cylindrically lenticulated face facing toward the cathode ray tubes for determining a viewing angle of the screen and a second cylindrically lenticulated face on the opposite side thereof for arranging in parallel the emergent light axes of three luminous fluxes respectively projected from the three cathode ray tubes. Color shading of the color image projected on the screen which would be caused by convergence of the three light axes extending from the cathode ray tubes is eliminated by the second cylindrically lenticulated face of the screen.

Abstract: An automatic gain controlled chrominance signal amplifier system for a color television receiver is arranged to process composite chrominance signals having burst and image-representative components. First, second and third amplifier stages are provided for amplifying the image-representative components. The first amplifier also amplifies burst components and is gain controlled in a first closed loop arrangement to maintain a substantially constant amplitude for the burst component and to thereby maintain an appropriate gain for image components. The second and third amplifiers are coupled to the output of the first amplifier. The output of the second amplifier is coupled to a chrominance signal overload detector arranged to respond to image-representative signal components having peak amplitudes greater than a predetermined level.

Abstract: For controlling the direction and rate of movement of an image on a raster scan display, a first set of counters is arranged to generate digital pulses for use as horizontal and vertical sync pulses for use in conjunction with a video adder for controlling the image on the display. Means, such as a second set of counters, driven by another clock means, provides an output which is compared to that of the first named counters to provide information signals to the video adder for controlling the location and movements for the image being displayed.

Abstract: A color television camera including an image sensor comprising a photosensitive array of photoelements arranged in a matrix, an image focussed onto the surface of the array causing a photon produced charge to be stored in selected photoelements, a signal from respective elements being read out to output means in the form of a packet of charge. Each of the photoelements is made to be sensitive to light of only one color component even though the assembly of the photoelements are sensitive to light having more than one color components, the charge stored in a selected number of rows of the array being read out sequentially within each row and simultaneously for the selected number of rows during a sequential horizontal scanning line period.

Abstract: A drum speed synchronization signal is transmitted for a predetermined length of time followed by a picture signal. Timing means are arranged to be triggered upon initiation of the synchronization signal to enable a drum speed synchronizer to receive the synchronization signal for a period of time which ends shortly before termination of the synchronization signal to positively prevent the picture signal from being erroneously received by the synchronizer. The timing means enables a printing element to receive the picture signals shortly after termination of the synchronization signal to positively prevent the synchronization signal from being erroneously reproduced.

Abstract: A color television camera having at least two pick-up tubes while the electromagnetic deflection and the electrostatic focussing is done in spatially removed places. A voltage source for supplying the anodes of the pick-up tubes is not stabilized but by affecting the deflection, registration of the line raster is maintained for voltage variations. Control of the voltage source offers the possibility for electronic "zooming" of the scene to be recorded.

Abstract: A chroma keying signal generator which does not operate in the usual manner with luminance dependent color difference signals (R-Y) and (B-Y) but with luminance independent chromaticity signals (R-Y)/Y and (B-Y)/Y. On the one hand a signal division may follow in the generator for deriving the chromaticity signals and on the other hand a threshold circuit may be used having a threshold voltage which varies with the luminance. Owing to the fact that generating the signal is independent of the luminance an intense, uniform background illumination without shadows thereon is no longer required.

Abstract: A controllable phase shifting circuit suitable for providing tint control in a color television system comprises first and second differential amplifiers, each providing antiphase outputs and supplied respectively with first and second alternating color reference signals which are in a first predetermined (e.g., quadrature) phase relation. A third signal, which is a fractional part of one of the first two signals, is combined with the other of the first two signals at its respective amplifier input to produce a fourth signal with a phase different from that of the first, second or third signals. A third amplifier provides differential gain control inputs to the first and second amplifiers. A combining circuit sums relatively in-phase or antiphase output signal components from the first and second amplifiers to produce an output signal with a desired phase (e.g., flesh tone phase).