Abstract: An array of M.times.N thin film actuated mirrors for use in an optical projection system, comprises an active matrix, an array of M.times.N actuating structures, an array of M.times.N mirror layers and an array of M.times.N supporting members. Each of the actuating structures includes a first and a second identically structured actuating parts, each of the first and second actuating parts having at least a thin film layer of a motion-inducing material, a first and a second electrodes. The first electrodes from each of the first and second actuating parts are physically joined, thereby serving as the common bias electrode, and the second electrodes function as the signal electrode. Furthermore, each of the mirror layers is divided into a first and a second reflectors. Each of the reflectors is provided with a first surface, a second opposing surface and a central tab portion therebetween.

Abstract: An exterior rearview mirror assembly for a vehicle including an extendable mirror for improved rearward viewing is disclosed. Several embodiments of the rearview mirror assembly each comprise a mirror housing, a mirror disposed in the mirror housing, and some structure to allow extension of the mirror between an inboard position and an outboard position. In one embodiment, the mirror assembly includes structure to allow rotation of the mirror between inboard and outboard positions. The mirror may comprise a post disposed in a mirror shell and extending along a longitudinal horizontal axis which extends through a plane defined by the mirror, offset from a central vertical axis of the mirror. In another embodiment, the means for rotating the mirror comprises a pivot part having a shaft disposed in an aperture in the mirror shell, which is disposed along the longitudinal horizontal axis.

Abstract: An optical imaging system having a simple optical shading filter for reducing various aberrations is disclosed. The optical imaging system includes one or more lenses, a stop installed between the lenses, and an optical shading filter for reducing the extra axial aberrations. The optical shading filter is an gradual optical shading filter having a transmittance which deceases cuing toward the peripheral portions. The optical imaging system is simple in its structure, and is effective in its function. Further, the manufacturing is easy, and the manufacturing cost is low.

Abstract: A universal folding condenser (1) with a support plate (4), which is fastened on the microscope and has an arm (4') angled off through 90.degree., is described. Arranged in the support plate (4) is a fixed lens (5). Above the support plate (4) there is provided a first, rectangularly shaped swivel arm (7) with a condenser head and a lens element (2) for optional introduction into the path of the illuminating beam (11). Arranged underneath the support (4) is a second, rectangularly shaped swivel arm (8) with a second lens element (3). The two swivel arms (7, 8) are forcibly coupled by means of a shifting linkage (6) in such a way that, for objectives with low magnification, the two lens elements (2, 3) are introduced into the path of the illuminating beam (11) and, for objectives with high magnification, only the condenser head is introduced into the path of the illuminating beam (11).

Abstract: An apparatus positions a rotary drum having an axis of rotation in an image scanner having a frame to position an image source mounted on the rotary drum. A way is mounted to the frame. A headstock and a tailstock are disposed and arranged to receive and support the rotary drum and are independently mounted on the way for lineal movement along the axis of the drum. A drum drive device rotates the drum about the axis and a headstock drive device linearly moves the headstock along the axis in first and second opposite directions. A stop block is supported by the frame and impedes a linear movement of the tailstock in the second direction at a selected stop position.

Abstract: A modular night vision device wherein either one or two night vision monocular assemblies can be joined to a common mount to selectively create either a monocular night vision apparatus or a binocular night vision apparatus. Electrical contacts are present on the night vision monocular assemblies that couple to the common mount. The electronic controls and power source needed to operate the night vision monocular assemblies are contained within the common mount. Accordingly, the night vision monocular assemblies automatically become disabled when detached from the common mount. The common mount provides interpupillary and distance-to-eye adjustments for the night vision monocular assemblies. Additionally, the common mount enables the night vision monocular assemblies to be flipped up to a stowed position out of the field of view of the person utilizing the night vision device.

Abstract: A compact wide-view angle image display apparatus which displays an image by using an optical system. A lens unit (L1) is disposed on the optical axis (A1) of an LCD (11). A magnifying reflecting mirror (12) is disposed on an optical axis (A2) perpendicularly intersecting the optical axis (A1). A half-mirror surface (13) is disposed at a tilt on the intersection point of the optical axis (A1) and the optical axis (A2) so that the half-mirror surface (13) reflects a bundle of rays from the LCD (11) to the reflecting mirror (12) and transmits the ray bundle reflected from the reflecting mirror (12). A magnifying reflecting mirror (14) is disposed to face the reflecting mirror (12).

Abstract: A light filter apparatus of an image scanning device is provided. The light filter apparatus is a frame of a spindle-like shape. The frame comprises a connecting sleeve at both ends and a plurality of axial-symmetrical sub-frames each of which accommodates a light filter film. The sub-frame has two inwardly converging ends connected with the connecting sleeves respectively. The sub-frame has a slot for receiving the light filter film.

Abstract: A sealed compartment of compartments being all or partially constructed of light transmitting materials with light reflecting surfaces in different designs. The compartments are substantially filled with a diffusing light transmitting medium. When the filled compartments are placed over lighting sources they reduce the high glare and blinding effects of the light sources. Increasing the light output of lighting sources when used with compartments can maintain the lighting level while reducing glare. When used for automotive usage alternative automotive headlights are used. The combined usage of the alternative headlights and the compartments provides roadway and side of the roadway lighting without high glare to oncoming vehicles, bicyclists, pedestrians and animals. The existing automotive headlight system can be maintained so that the high beam headlights can be used if necessary or desirable.

Abstract: A rear view system for a vehicle (10) includes in combination a light transmitting member (2) and a light reflective medium (16) spatially displaced from the member. The member has a first face (4) for light emergence from which in use light rays are directed towards the medium (16) and a second face (6) for light incidence, each face being disposed on a respective side of a median plane (8). The member (2) comprises a plurality of elemental prismatic sections, the prismatic angles of the elemental sections progressively changing along the length of the member whereby rays of refracted light emerging through the first face are in parallelism or substantial parallelism one with the other irrespective of the angles of incidence of the rays. The shape of the light transmitting member (2) is such as to afford a wide angular scope of view to the system thereby to enhance safety.

Abstract: An epi-illumination system for microscopes is described, which contains an epi-illumination module (18) that consists of a Smith-splitter with an integrated telescope system (14). The telescope system (14) corrects in the sense of "Shift-Optics" differences in length that appear when switching from a modularly-designed 45 degree neutral splitter (20) to a Smith-splitter containing module (18). The arrangement of the two lenses in the telescope system (14) is such that the positive member (15) is directed towards the mirror (4) of the Smith-splitter and the negative member (16) is directed towards the light source (6). Alternatively it is also possible to install a telescope system with an opposite lens arrangement in a module (19), containing a 45-degree neutral splitter, if this is exchanged for a Smith-splitter containing module, so that the negative member (16) is directed towards the 45-degree neutral splitter (20) and the positive member (15) is directed towards the light source (6).

Abstract: Microscopes having plastic components such as knobs, covers and eyepiece rings are rendered antistatic by using static charge dissipating plastic materials instead of conventional plastics. Such antistatic microscopes are especially useful in the manufacture and inspection of semi-conductors which are easily damaged by exposure to static charges.

Abstract: A safety-enhanced, inside rearview mirror assembly for vehicles of the type adapted for movement between day and night positions to reduce reflected glare is disclosed. The assembly includes an energy/impact absorbing plate selected to have predetermined thickness, stiffness, cracking/permanent deformation resistance, and galvanic action passivity positioned between the glass mirror element and the day/night actuator within the mirror case. The plate absorbs the actuator impact energy should the day/night actuator be caused to impact the rear of the glass mirror element when the front of the inside rearview mirror assembly is contacted by an air bag during deployment in an accident and substantially reduces damaging protrusion of glass shards which otherwise could puncture and impair proper operation of the air bag. The plate may be spaced from the rear of the mirror element, or adhered to the mirror element preferably with a flexible, resilient adhesive laminate which doubles as an anti-scatter layer.

Abstract: The invention relates to a coating composition for preparing a back coating film of a mirror. The mirror has a glass substrate, a silver mirror film formed on a back surface of the glass substrate, a metallic protective film formed on the silver mirror film, and the back coating film formed on the metallic protective film. The coating composition comprises: a binder consisting of 40 to 85 parts by weight of the total of an epoxy resin and a hardener of the epoxy resin, and 15 to 60 parts by weight of at least one selected from the group consisting of a ketone formaldehyde resin and its derivatives; and a pigment blend containing 7-55 wt % of a corrosion-inhibitive pigment based on the weight of the pigment blend. The weight ratio of the pigment blend to the binder is in the range from 1.2 to 4.0. The back coating film is superior in chemical resistance and corrosion resistance even if a lead-free corrosion-inhibitive pigment is used.

Abstract: A concentric optical system usable as either an imaging optical system or an ocular optical system, which has an F-number of 1.5 to 3 and enables a flat and clear image to be photographed or observed at a view angle of up to 60.degree. or more with substantially no aberration. The concentric optical system includes at least two semitransparent reflecting surfaces (2) and (3) each having a center of curvature disposed in the vicinity of a pupil (1) and a concave surface directed toward the pupil. The semitransparent reflecting surfaces are disposed so that each semitransparent reflecting surface passes each particular bundle of light rays at least once and reflects them at least once, thereby providing a flat image surface (4).

Abstract: A telescopic side view mirror for automobiles including a housing, a fixing tubular member formed with an inner tubular member having a longitudinal groove at a bottom, a stopper being fixedly mounted in the longitudinal groove of the inner tubular member, an outer tubular member extending into the housing and fixedly mounted therein, a tubular connector fitted in the housing and formed with a slot having a first threaded hole engaged with a first bolt, a second threaded hole aligned with the hole of the outer tubular member, and two protuberances one close to an end thereof, and a positioning member fitted between the slot of the tubular connector and the longitudinal groove of the inner tubular member, whereby the mirror can be easily adjusted in position.

Abstract: An optical projection system, capable of displaying an M.times.N number of pixels and having a reduced optical path and hence a reduced size, wherein M and N are integers, comprises a non-point light source, an array of M.times.N actuated mirrors, a projection screen, a projection lens and a lens system including a first lens unit, a second lens unit and an optical baffle located therebetween, wherein the optical baffle is provided with a plurality of apertures and light absorbing regions, each of the lens units includes an array of M.times.N microlenses.

Abstract: A surveillance device in the form of a fake radio aerial which projects from the roof of a vehicle. There is an upright periscope in the aerial which can rotate through 360.degree.. In the vehicle the light from the periscope is bent through 90.degree. and viewed by a camera all of which fits in the headliner space of the vehicle and so is not visible.

Abstract: An apparatus for installing a curved mirror used in a scanning optical system is provided. The apparatus his a curved mirror assembly that includes a wall and a reference surface which is formed on a surface of said wall. The apparatus also has a stationary member with which the scanning optical system is provided and to which the curved mirror assembly is secured. The curved mirror assembly is secured to the stationary member by using the reference surface without the reflecting surface coming in contact with the stationary member.

Abstract: Denticulated strips receive orthogonally disposed panels to form rectangular or cube enclosures of desired sizes. They are quickly assembled utilizing push pins. The panels are designed to have overlapping edges so that they minimize light/air leakage--making them particularly adaptable as optic baffles.