Abstract: With the use of low-fluidity blended raw material coal fines having a maximum fluidity of up to 20 d.d.p.m. as an inner core material, and coal fines having a maximum fluidity of at least 30 d.d.p.m. or a bituminous material having a C/H ratio of from 0.7 to 1.9 as an outer envelope material, green composite briquettes are formed by covering said inner core material with said outer envelope material. Said green composite briquettes thus formed are charged into a conventional coke oven battery and carbonized by an ordinary process, whereby a high-strength metallurgical formed coke in a slight mutual agglomeration is produced.

Abstract: Control of emission from coke ovens during charging. A bank of coke ovens is provided with two gas mains. The first of the gas mains is connected to each of the individual ovens in turn during charging. The second of the gas mains is connected to the bank of ovens during coking. A fluid energized venturi ejector maintains a predetermined level of vacuum at the head of each individual coke oven during charging. Means are provided to automatically reduce the suction provided by the ejector if the level of vacuum exceeds said limit. This means consists of a valve operated by changes in the level of vacuum at the head of the individual oven during charging. The valve connects the second main to the first, thus increasing the gas pressure applied at the throat of the venturi ejector in turn decreasing the degree of vacuum provided by the venturi ejector. The energy for the ejector may be provided by flushing liquor or by a compressible fluid such as steam, air or an inert gas.

Abstract: Method for prevention of corrosion of iron and mild steel surfaces in contact with water. The invention is primarily directed to treatment of potable water such as municipal waters and the like which have limits on the concentrations of additives such as phosphates and the like that have been previously employed for corrosion inhibition. It has been found that the addition of a limited amount of an orthophosphate buffer such as phosphoric acid or sodium dihydrogen orthophosphate greatly reduces the concentration of a hexametaphosphate corrosion inhibitor necessary for passivation of metal surfaces and the necessary level of the metaphosphate for maintaining the passivating film.

Abstract: A urea assay or analysis process and reagents therefor, in which the assay involves a reaction between a sample of biological fluid and an acidic reagent solution of o-phthaldehyde and a chromogenic compound; the chromogenic compounds include certain substituted benzene compounds, certain substituted naphthalene compounds, certain aminopyrimidines, certain substituted quinolines, certain morpholino substituted quinolines and certain morpholino substituted naphthalenes.

Abstract: Quenching car having an inclined surface for supporting coke to be quenched, a moveable gate which in a first position retains the coke and in a second position permits discharge of coke from the inclined surface, and a bottom wall which guides the coke from the inclined surface across a space and over the wall of a reservoir carried on said quench car which will catch and hold excess quench water which drains between the inclined surface and the gate means.

Abstract: A process for sterilizing an article, more particularly packaging material, by wetting the article with a sterilizing solution having an active-chlorine-concentration in the range of 500 to 20,000 mg/l, and treating the sterilized article with an aqueous solution of hydrogen peroxide to deactivate any remaining active-chlorine.

Abstract: Placed in the ground adjacent a conventional septic tank are a purification tank, which contains a smaller, cylindrical filter tank, and a plurality of spaced, parallel, vertically-disposed ozonating tanks, which are located in an annular space between the filter tank and the purification tank. Perforated diffusers in the lower ends of the ozonating tanks are connected to an ozone generator which intermittently supplies ozone gas to the diffusers. Liquid effluent from the septic tank is fed to the lower end of the filter tank and passes upwardly through a removable, porous filter, then successively through the ozonating tanks, then into the space or reservoir formed in the purification tank around the outsides of the filter tank and ozonating tanks, and finally through an overflow outlet to a surrounding leach field. Excess ozone gas is piped from the upper ends of the ozonating tanks back to the septic tank to increase the effectiveness of the septic tank.

Abstract: The aqueous acid-containing xylose solution is first passed through an ion exchanger to remove the strong acid which was added to the raw material in the xylane hydrolysis and xylose extraction system and then subjected to evaporation in an evaporator. The evaporated water, acetic acid and formic acid of the solution is then condensed and is partly re-cycled and partly subjected to recovery processes. The concentrated xylose solution in the evaporator is then passed through a second ion exchanger to remove any traces of acetic acid or formic acid.

Abstract: A coke oven battery includes a plurality of coke ovens heated during certain time intervals and the heat supply being reduced subsequent to these time intervals. First valve means controls the flow of combustion air for the ovens and second valve means controls the flow of waste gases recovered from the ovens and recycled back to the ovens. A first primary activating means activates the first and second valve means. Third valve means controls the flow of decarbonizing air for the ovens and a second primary activating means activates the third valve means. Fourth valve means controls the pressure in the ovens and first auxiliary activating means activates the fourth valve means. Fifth valve means controls the flow of fuel for the ovens and second auxiliary activating means activates the fifth valve means. The coke ovens may be arranged in groups so that the coking conditions at any time are the same for all ovens of a given group.

Abstract: A process for making low sulfur oil by reacting aqueous reactive sludges and slurries with hot, pressurized carbon monoxide and hydrogen (synthesis gas) wherein the wastes are first concentrated by coking in the liquid phase under a pressure of 300 to 3000 psig at a temperature of 400.degree. to 550.degree. F for from 5 minutes to 2 hours.

Abstract: Disposable bowl is adapted to fit into a toilet bowl and to be supported thereby. It contains a blender blade assembly in the base thereof and a lid or cover is provided which can be secured to the container after same has been used. A connection extends into the bowl adjacent the upper side for injecting water or other fluid to wash down the sides of the bowl and also to dilute the stool specimen which may then be blended by engaging the device upon a conventional blender base. A further tube extends through the wall of the bowl for extraction of the necessary sample after blending whereupon the entire assembly may be disposed of without opening same.

Abstract: A bubble-forming device for gas-liquid contact which can be advantageously used for air oxidation in a liquid phase comprising a housing divided into upper and lower chambers by a partition having an orifice, a liquid inlet in the lower chamber, a gas inlet in the lower chamber having a nozzle directed upward toward the orifice, and having orifices in the side wall of the upper chamber such that gas-liquid mixture will be directed upward through the orifice in the partition toward the ceiling of the upper chamber and directed out the orifices in the side wall. A process for carrying out air oxidation in a liquid phase using said device by creating a large number of fine air bubbles in the liquid.

Abstract: In an ammonia synthesis column, the combination of a tube bundle heat exchanger and a boiler with two superposedly arranged catalyst beds permits to recover considerable amounts of reaction heat, the flow of the gases being reacted running in a radial direction.

Abstract: A one-piece, integral, high strength, combined heat exchanger-reactor comprising a monolithic honeycomb structure wherein the channels thereof are divided into two or more groups; group one carrying one fluid and group two carrying another fluid which differs from the first in composition and/or temperature and/or pressure and/or direction of flow, the main design feature of the combined heat exchanger-reactor (CHER) being that group one channels extend outward parallel to the channel axis and perpendicular to the cross-section of the honeycomb and each channel of this group one being in thermal contact through common walls with channels of group two while each channel of group one is separated from other channels of group one by the intervening voids formed by the presence of the channels of group two.

Abstract: A catalytic reaction apparatus for carrying out a gaseous reaction of a mixture of a gas to be treated, and a gaseous substance with which it reacts at an accelerated rate of reaction, which comprises a catalyst packed bed provided in a vertical plane at a predetermined angle of turning from the flow direction of the gaseous mixture in the catalytic reaction apparatus. Deviation of flow of the gaseous mixture can be effectively prevented by the present arrangement of the catalyst packed bed.

Abstract: A process for preparing blast furnace cokes which contain large amounts of low-grade coal which comprises the steps of adding a binder to a coal for making briquettes which comprises a substantially low-grade coal such as non- and/or poorly-coking coal; either alone or when blended in an amount of up to about 40% or more with a charging coal; mixing the binder and the coal briquetting the mixture in a roll press to form briquettes of two or more types; blending the resulting briquettes of different types with a charging coal in a total amount of about 35% or more of the briquettes based on the charging coal and, to prepare a blended charging coal; and carbonizing the blended charging coal in a coke oven.

Abstract: A plurality of catalyzer beds are arranged in series in a reactor jacket. Associated with each catalyzer bed is a plurality of distributor pipes for supplying a fresh catalyst and a plurality of draining pipes for draining off the used catalyst. In one embodiment, the reactor jacket is rotatable and the plurality of distributor pipes are connected to an upper edge of the catalyzer bed while the plurality of draining pipes are connected to a lower edge of the catalyzer bed so that when the reactor jacket is rotated to a position that tilts the catalyzer beds the used catalyst will drain off. In another embodiment, the lower surface of the catalyzer beds are formed of two pivotable plates which pivot downwardly and away from each other to allow for the draining of the used catalyst.

Abstract: Delayed petroleum coke is produced by conventional processing, including steaming of the coke in the drum to remove volatile material. After the steaming operation, the coke is quenched by injecting water onto the top of the steamed coke and passing the quench water downwardly through the coke, whereby the coke bed acts as a filter to trap fines which would pass overhead when the normal method of quenching by injecting quench water upwardly is used. Apparatus including retractable spray nozzles extending into the coke drum from the top is described.

Abstract: Method and apparatus to internally sterilize a tube of packing material in which a sterile product is being introduced. The sterilizing agent is introduced into the tube in liquid form wherein it is vaporized. When it is vaporized, it rises upwardly in the tube of packing material and condenses on the interior surface of the tube of material.

Abstract: A column of hot, particulate char from a shaft furnace is moistened with quench water as it moves downwardly into a vessel which it fills and forms a pile. The material in the pile is shifted from a central core at the base of the column to a zone which surrounds the sides and bottom of the column by material flowing from the lower portion of the column; and steam is exhausted from the upper portion of the vessel.