Abstract: A lay down arc welding electrode with improved weld penetration is described. The welding electrode includes a core wire surrounded by flux, a portion of which has been longitudinally removed or has been otherwise made thinner than the flux surrounding the remainder of the arc wire. The direction of arc is adjusted by varying the shapes of core wire and flux. During welding the arc welding electrode rests on a tack weld. This causes directional angle (.alpha.) to the root of the weld to increase and the divergence angle (.beta.) to decrease, resulting in improved penetration of disposed metal. An apparatus is described for continuous lay down arc welding using the described arc welding electrode.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for welding one or more fins or longitudinally extended plate like members to tubes or pipes by means of radio frequency resistance heating. A V-gap necessary for the high frequency welding technique is created by deforming the tube to produce an out of round or ovular shape. The welding is accomplished as the out of round tube or pipe is deformed back to a round shape while at the same time bringing the fin or plate like member into contact with the tube or pipe.

Abstract: Means to control the speed of correction of a probe, and a slave such as a torch or welding head, for a welding guidance system, and the like, wherein the response of the probe controls or actuates a device, which is responsive to a predetermined electrical condition, characteristic or information, to continuously vary the magnitude of the output of the device in proportion to the change or deviation detected by the probe to actuate at least one motor to correct or change the position of the probe and the slave.

Abstract: A welding head is provided having a bore substantially larger than the sh of a rivet to be welded, and having a conical aperture for receiving the stud head. A copper-free sheath is disposed in the bore for receiving and locating the stud shank. In a preferred embodiment an associated magnet and switch are disposed within the welding head. When the stud-bearing head is brought into firm contact with a substrate current flows through the head, welding it to the substrate. The increased pressure upon the stud urges the magnet inwardly, operating the switch to control the equipment which locates the welding head.

Abstract: Small attachment members, such as clamps, mounting bars, identification plates, lugs and the like, are formed of shaped walls with at least one welding projection stamped from the wall arranged a contact the metallic base which projection limits the arc in condenser-discharge welding of the attachments and a punctiform projection centrally disposed on and extending outwardly from the welding projection is used for starting and controlling the condenser-discharge welding operation.

Abstract: A rotatable shaft has a roller electrode mounted on it for rotation therewith. A transformer and a rectifier are structurally integrated to form a unit which is also mounted on the shaft for rotation with it, and serve to convert high-voltage low-amperage net current into low-voltage high-amperage DC current. Slip rings are mounted on the shaft to transmit electrical current to the unit for supply to the roller electrode.

Abstract: A machine for fabricating structural elements such as reinforcement trusses or girders wherein spaced flange elements are welded to a continuous, zig-zag shaped web to form a composite beam. The machine bends flat strands to form the zig-zag webs and then feeds them continuously to a welding means where the webs and flange elements are welded on an intermittent basis into an integral unit.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the manufacture of radio-electronic equipment. The proposed apparatus for soldering a row of conductors onto a board comprises a housing having a table for a board to be arranged thereon, and a soldering head kinematically coupled to a carriage driven by a drive mechanism. The soldering head is kinematically coupled to the carriage by means of a rod adapted for movement in the carriage and having a holder, the soldering head being spring-loaded and arranged in the holder.

Abstract: Filler material and process for the heterogeneous welding by fusion of two iron-carbon alloys. The filler material comprises iron and at least one element for producing special stable carbides and at least one element for nodularizing graphite in iron.

Abstract: Boiler tube studs and a method of welding the studs to boiler tubes are provided. Boiler tubes have a multiplicity of studs welded thereto and extending outwardly therefrom, with refractory material placed over the studs and held thereon to protect the boiler tubes and to prevent deterioration and wear thereof. The studs wear down over a period of time and new studs have to be welded to the tubes periodically. In accordance with the invention, the new studs are welded directly on the worn studs or nubbins without the necessity of grinding down or otherwise removing or partially removing the worn studs. The new studs have recesses in the ends to facilitate being positioned on the old studs in proper welding position and to improve the welding operation.

Abstract: In combination with conventional apparatus for joining members of aluminum or other electrically conducting material by resistance welding, adjustable supports for arranging the work-contacting electrodes in spaced proximity to the work, and circuitry for inducing an inert gas shielded arc of alternating current across each electrode and the work, the apparatus being operable to effect self-cleaning of the electrodes as well as the work between successive welding operations.

Abstract: An apparatus for the repair of ingot molds is disclosed. The ingot mold rests upon a layer of graphite powder whereby current can be passed through the ingot mold without the need for grinding thereof.

Abstract: A conventional stud-welding gun has been modified to allow it to be used for welding under water. The stud is contained within a water-tight enclosure formed at the end of the gun by pressing the seal at the end against the object to which the stud is to be welded. A water pump evacuates the enclosure and a stream of inert gas is provided to expel water and dry the region where the weld is to occur.

Abstract: Apparatus for a continuous tandem electrical heat treating process for wire conductors for cables uses electrical contact pulleys having faces of a high melting point conductive material such as tungsten-copper. The melting point of the material is at least 1200.degree. C. The novel apparatus has reduced wear, arcing and wire breakage. Free running pulleys are also used instead of driven ones to avoid excessive tension. The free running pulleys have low torque contacts to apply high electrical current to heat the wire.

Abstract: A welding method and means is disclosed utilizing a conductive foil disposed between or adjacent members to be welded together with the foil serving as one electrode and one or both of the members serving as another electrode of the welding circuit and with the members being forced together or with the foil being forced against the members by a separate electrode.

Abstract: The tubular stainless steel structure of a nuclear reactor fuel rod thermal simulator is heated to nuclear fuel rod operating temperatures by means of a gaseous glow discharge established within the tubular structure. In a preferred embodiment a length of the simulated fuel rod is internally clad with tungsten, or Mo or alloys thereof, hermetically sealed at both ends and filled with a glow discharge sustaining gas such as hydrogen or helium. A center electrode structure, as of tungsten, or Mo or alloys, is centrally disposed within the gas filled tubular envelope. Power is applied between the center electrode and the outer tubular envelope for initiating and sustaining the glow discharge for heating the outer tubular envelope to nuclear fuel rod simulating temperature.

Abstract: A welding machine for welding the terminals of condenser or boiler tubes to plates, automatic in action and self-supporting by reason of an arbor assembly including elongated bar elements, ball bearings and the like, adapted for positive engagement of the interior surface of the tubes adjacent to the terminals and also at points spaced farther along the tube to assure stability of anchoring of the machine with the arbor assembly as its sole support, a motor being operatively connected between the fixed arbor assembly and the frame or body for 360.degree. rotation of the welding tip around the welding seam line where the tube terminals extend slightly beyond the surface of the apertured plate of the condenser or boiler, thus utilizing the terminals and plate.

Abstract: A method of producing from straight metal section material fork lift truck forks of substantially L-shaped construction with substantially vertical and horizontal arm portions extending from the bend, comprising heating the straight metal to softening point in the region of the proposed bend and while the vertical and horizontal arm portions are supported substantially at right angles, forming with softened metal by cavity welding the required shape of the fork in the region of the bend.

Abstract: The seam welding head has an outer annular electrode connected to the hub by means of a resilient annulus bridged by multiple laminated conductors. The electrode is water cooled. The resilient annulus is stressed as the electrode is moved into contact with the work and provides the follow-up force during the forging phase of the welding cycle. The relatively small weight of the electrode permits fast follow-up without excessive force and permits much faster welding.

Abstract: Very large diameter metal shafts for turbines and electric generators, and other large structural metal parts, can be made in one piece to a high quality without occlusions, cavities, segregations, and cracks by building the part up layer by layer, each layer being formed by deposition of molten metal by welding along neighbouring tracks which together cover the area over which the layer is to be deposited. The weld deposition of the metal may be effected by a welding head which is moved longitudinally along the part, and if the part is simultaneously rotated the metal is deposited along a helical path in forming a layer. A plurality of welding heads may be used so that metal is deposited simultaneously at different positions during the construction of each layer.