Abstract: The invention provides novel yeast promoters useful for controlling the expression of homologous and heterologous nucleic acid molecules in yeast cells. The yeast promoters are induced by a fermentable carbon source, such as glucose, or a non-fermentable carbon source, such as ethanol, or both. Therefore, expression of nucleic acid molecules encoding a polypeptide under the control of the novel yeast promoters may be regulated by varying the level of a fermentable carbon source, or a non-fermentable carbon source, or both.

Abstract: A circular DNA molecule, useful for gene therapy, comprising at least one nucleic acid sequence of interest, characterised in that the region allowing the replication thereof has an origin of replication with a functionality in a host cell that requires the presence of at least one specific protein foreign to said host cell. A method for preparing same, cells incorporating said DNA molecules and uses thereof in gene therapy are also described.

Abstract: The invention pertains to methods, kits, molecules and cells to increase the rate or recombination and/or target recombination in dividing cells. In a particular aspect, the invention concerns methods and kits to induce targeted meiotic recombination.

Abstract: Nucleic acids and polypeptides involved in regulation of membrane permeability in bacteria are disclosed. Also disclosed are methods of increasing sensitivity to antibiotics in multi-drug resistant bacteria by increasing expression of PprA or PprB proteins in bacterial cells, and methods for identifying compounds that modulate PprA/PprB expression.

Abstract: Alpha 1-antitrypsin is prepared by growing in a fermentor methylotropic yeast transformants containing in their genome at least one copy of DNA encoding alpha 1-antitrypsin, in operational linkage with DNA encoding a signal sequence, which is effective for directing secretion of proteins from the host cells, DNA constructs and recombinant yeast strains used for the expression and secretion of alpha 1-antritrypsin are also provided. The fermentation medium requires a pH of 6.5 to 7.5. The fermentation is at a pH between 5 and 6.8.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for expressing each of peptide antibiotics P5 3 and Ana13 35 having amphiphilicity and showing antibacterial, antifungal and anticancer activities 61, 63, 65, 67, 69, 71, on the microbial surface, using a vector containing outer membrane protein genes (pgsBCA) that are derived from Bacillus sp. strains and involved in the synthesis of poly-gamma-glutamate. Moreover, the present invention relates to lactic acid-forming bacteria having each of the peptide antibiotics P5 15 and Ana13 43 expressed on their surface, and the use thereof. According to the present invention, the peptide antibiotics can be expressed on the surface of various microorganisms transformed with the surface expression vectors. The inventive method for the surface expression of the peptide antibiotics allows the peptide antibiotics to be mass-produced without a purification process. Thus, the inventive method has very high industrial applicability.

Abstract: The present invention provides isolated polypeptides of human p53 that contain mutations. These mutations can be toxic mutations, supertransactivating mutations or tox-suppressor mutations. Further provided by the invention are methods of identifying toxic, supertransactivating, weak transactivating and tox-suppressor mutations as well as methods of identifying compounds that mimic the toxic, supertransactivating and tox-suppressor mutations in human p53. Also provided are methods of inducing toxicity in a cell by administering a polypeptide comprising a supertransactivating or a toxic mutation.

Abstract: An chimerical polypeptide that arrests proliferating cells in mitosis is provided. In general the polypeptide has an N-terminal transit peptide, such as HIV-1 Tat, and a C-terminal cell-cycle effector, such as a G2/M cyclin or a cytostatic factor. A polynucleotide under the control of a heterologous promoter that encodes a polypeptide that arrests cells in mitosis is also provided. The polynucleotide may, for example, encode a G2/M cyclin. Pharmaceutical compositions comprising the agent that inhibits transit through mitosis is provided. A method of treating patients suffering from a hyperplasia, such as cancer, psoriasis or benign prostate hyperplasia is provided.

Abstract: The invention describes a method for the stacking of traits in a recombination proficient host using a phage transduction system. The method makes use of a nucleic acid integration cassette that has homology to a specific site on a host chromosome for the insertion of genetic elements and the stacking of traits. Repetition of the method results in the stacking of traits on a single genetic element.

Abstract: The object of the present invention is to provide a method of producing a heterologous protein by making a coryneform bacterium to produce and efficiently extracellularly secrete (secreto-production) an industrially useful heterologous protein. According to the present invention, a genetic construct is used where a gene sequence encoding an intended protein which is ligated to the downstream of a sequence encoding the signal peptide derived from a coryneform bacterium, the gene construct is introduced into a mutant coryneform bacterium which has a capacity of secreting the heterologous protein at least 2-fold higher than the wild type Corynebacterium glutamicum ATCC 13869, the mutant coryneform bacterium is cultured and the extracellularly released heterologous protein is recovered.

Abstract: The invention relates generally to compositions of and methods for obtaining peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors. The invention relates as well to the DNA sequences encoding peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors, the recombinant vectors carrying those sequences, the recombinant host cells including either the sequences or vectors, and recombinant peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor polypeptides. By way of example, the invention discloses the cloning and functional expression of a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor, designated PPAR-?, obtained from a human source. The invention includes as well, methods for using the isolated, recombinant peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor polypeptides in assays designed to select and improve substances capable of interacting with peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor polypeptides for use in diagnostic, drug design and therapeutic applications.

Abstract: Expression vectors encoding bacteriophage signal peptides are described. The vectors may be used for the heterologous expression and secretion of polypeptides such as antibodies in bacterial host cells.

Abstract: The invention relates to a new series of bacterial plasmid vectors which are fully devoid of CpG and which can express synthetic genes which do not contain CpG in the bacteria Escherichia coli.

Abstract: The invention provides methods for detecting and analyzing protein-protein interactions and agonists and antagonists thereof, detecting and analyzing protein sequences, and regulatable gene expression in multicellular organisms or cells therefrom.

Abstract: This invention provides a modified yeast two-hybrid system in order to identify NO-dependent protein-protein interactions. Bait proteins implicated in apoptotic signaling pathways were used to identify NO-dependent interactions. The physiological relevance of these interactions is demonstrated by their occurrence and dependence on endogenous NO in mammalian cells, and by the functional interrelatedness of bait and prey.

Abstract: This invention describes novel catalytically active cytosolic enzymes for triacylglycerol biosynthesis from eukaryotic systems. The complex from oleaginous yeast was enzymatically characterized, and was found to contain lysophosphatidic acid acyltransferase, phosphatidic acid phosphatase, diacylglycerol acyltransferase, acyl—acyl carrier protein synthetase, superoxide dismutase and acyl carrier protein. The triacylglycerol biosynthetic machinery rapidly incorporates free fatty acids as well as fatty acyl-coenzyme A into triacylglycerol and its biosynthetic intermediates. Lysophosphatidic acid acyltransferase, phosphatidic acid phosphatase and diacylglycerol acyltransferase from the complex were microsequenced. Acyl carrier protein, superoxide dismutase and diacylglycerol acyltransferase genes were cloned and expressed in bacterial system.

Abstract: The invention relates to the methods of manufacturing five-carbon sugars and sugar alcohols as well as other compounds derived from pentose-phosphate pathway from readily available substrates such a hexoses using metabolically engineered microbial hosts.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a promoter, designated MuA. The present invention is also directed to DNA molecules including said promoter, such as a DNA construct comprising the promoter operably linked to one or more genes or antisense DNA. The invention is further directed to transformed plant tissue including the DNA molecule and to transformed plants and seeds thereof. The promoter is useful for driving gene or antisense expression for the purpose of imparting agronomically useful traits such as, but not limited to, increase in yield, disease resistance, insect resistance, herbicide tolerance, drought tolerance and salt tolerance in plants.

Abstract: Dominant-negative alleles of human mismatch repair genes can be used to generate hypermutable cells and organisms. By introducing these genes into mammalian cells new cell lines with novel and useful properties can be prepared more efficiently than by relying on the natural rate of mutation or introduction of mutations by chemical mutagens. These methods are useful for generating novel and highly active antimicrobial molecules as well as superior antimicrobial agents from pre-existing chemicals. These methods are also useful for generating cell lines expressing novel antimicrobials that are useful for pharmaceutical manufacturing.

Abstract: Recombinational cloning is provided by the use of nucleic acids, vectors and methods, in vitro and in vivo, for moving or exchanging segments of DNA molecules using engineered recombination sites and recombination proteins to provide chimeric DNA molecules that have the desired characteristic(s) and/or DNA segment(s).