Abstract: Ketones may be prepared from carboxylic acid esters by treating said esters at elevated temperatures in the range of from about 50.degree. to about 300.degree. C. and pressures ranging from 1 to about 300 atmospheres in the presence of a catalyst comprising a compound containing a metal of Group VIII of the Periodic Table. In addition, reaction is also effected in the presence of a quaternary alkylammonium salt which will increase the conversion of the ester to the desired ketone. Examples of catalysts which are employed will include the salts, carbonyls, and organometallic complexes of rhodium and cobalt.

Abstract: Processes for the separation of enantiomers, such as those of 1-(2-methoxyethyl)-4-phenyl-2-imidazolidone, which comprises crystallizing a racemic mixture from a solution of the enriched enantiomer in a selective solvent.

Abstract: Compounds are disclosed of the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is hydrogen, halogen or trifluoromethyl; R.sub.2 is selected from the group consisting of lower alkylthio together with the sulfoxide and sulfone thereof, halo, lower alkylamino or lowe alkoxy; Y is oxo or thio; R.sub.3 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, --COOR.sub.4 wherein R.sub.4 is hydrogen or lower alkyl, --CONR.sub.6 R.sub.5 wherein R.sub.5 and R.sub.6 are hydrogen or lower alkyl; X is hydrogen or halogen; and R.sub.7 is lower alkyl or hydrogenAnd the pharmaceutically acceptable salts and N-oxides thereof.Also presented are processes to produce the above compounds and intermediates therefor and derivatives thereof.

Abstract: Method of preparing phthalide by hydrogenolysis of 3-chlorophthalide in the presence of a nobel metal catalyst, wherein hydrogenolysis is carried out in the absence of HCl acceptor.The phthalide which is produced is a valuable chemical intermediate for the manufacture of dyes, plant protecting agents and pharmaceuticals.

Abstract: The present invention relates to cyclopentane derivatives similar to prostaglandins. Due to their antiprostaglandin effect they have valuable properties as medicaments.

Abstract: Intermediates for preparing prostaglandins, represented by the formula ##STR1## wherein L.sub.3 represents ##STR2## and wherein R.sub.25 is hydrogen or tetrahydropyranyl or similar group as defined herein. These cyano intermediates are useful intermediates in preparing prostaglandin analogs having pharmacological utility.

Abstract: Certain 1-methyl-2-(substituted thiomethyl)-5-nitro-imidazoles are described as well as a process for their manufacture. The compounds are suitable for the treatment of protozoal diseases, especially of trichomoniasis and of fungus diseases, especially dermatomycoses.

Abstract: This invention relates to new chemical compounds of the class 1-substituted-5-nitro-2-substituted imidazoles and methods for the preparation thereof. These compounds are useful for their anti-microbial activity.

Abstract: Substituted thienyl-acetic acid esters of the formula: ##STR1## in which R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 each, independently is H, CH.sub.3, C.sub.2 H.sub.5, C.sub.3 H.sub.7, OCH.sub.3, SCH.sub.3, Cl Br or NO.sub.2, R.sub.3 is phenyl or cyclohexyl and R.sub.4 is H, or R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 together are cyclohexylidene, n is 2 or 3, and A is monoalkylamino or dialkylamino, each alkyl radical having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, or amino derived from a cycloalkylamine of 5 to 7 chain members which may contain an additional hetero-atom, provided that each of R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 is not H if R.sub.3 is phenyl or cyclohexyl and R.sub.4 is H, racemates, optical isomers, and their pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salts and quaternary ammonium salts obtained with alkyl halides, have marked activity as peripheral vasodilators, platelet aggregation inhibitors, spasmolytic agents, coronary and cerebral vasodilators, and papaverine-like activity.

Abstract: 4-Substituted-1H-2,3-benzoxazines with a chlorine atom linked to the benzene ring, and a process for their preparation, are described. The compounds are administered as sedative, hypnotic and tranquillizing agents.

Abstract: The chemical compound 7-methyl-benzofuran-2-aldehyde which is useful as a flavor additive for foodstuffs and beverages.

Abstract: The invention relates to antidepressive biologically active tetracyclic piperidino derivatives of the general formula: ##STR1## as well as the pharmaceutically acceptable salts and nitrogen oxides (N.sub.2) thereof, in which:R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 represent hydroxy, halogen, alkyl (1-6 C), alkoxy (1-6 C), alkylthio (1-6 C) or trifluoromethyl,R.sub.3 stands for hydrogen, alkyl (1-6 C) or aralkyl (7-10 C),r and r' stand for the number 0, 1 or 2,X represents oxygen, sulphur, the group >NR.sub.4 or methylene andR.sub.4 stands for hydrogen or alkyl (1-4 C).

Abstract: Substituted phenyl-benzimidazo compounds are disclosed in which the phenyl group which is attached to the two position of the imidazo ring contains a carboxylic acid group, or derivatives thereof, para to the point of imidazo attachment. The benzimidazo is substituted in the 5,6 positions with amino groups or derivatives thereof. The compounds are particularly useful as AB-monomers in the preparation of poly [(2,6-imidazobenzimidazo)1,4-phenylene].

Abstract: 1-(Imidazol-1-yl)-1-[4-(4-chlorophenyl)phenoxy]-3,3-dimethylbutan-2-one possesses antimicrobial activity, in particular antimycotic activity. The compound is prepared through the condensation of imidazole with 1-chloro-1-[4-(4-chlorophenyl)phenoxy]-3,3-dimethylbutan-2-one.

Abstract: This application describes further species embraced by the following generic formula: ##SPC1##Where R is a lower alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms; R.sup.1 is --SOR.sup.2, --SO.sub.2 R.sup.2, --SCN, --SR.sup.5, --OR.sup.5 or M'(CH.sub.2).sub.n MR.sup.7 where M and M' are independently ##EQU1## R.sup.7 is lower alkyl having 1 to 4 carbon atoms or aryl, and n is 1-4; R.sup.2 is lower alkyl having from 1 to 6 carbon atoms, cycloalkyl having 3 to 7 carbon atoms, lower alkenyl or lower alkynyl having 3 to 6 carbon atoms, or aralkyl or aryl; R.sup.5 is lower alkenyl, lower alkynyl, or aralkyl; and the R.sup.1 substitution is at the 5(6)-position. The above compounds can also be substituted at the 1-position.

Abstract: Novel quaternary imidazolium salts substituted on one nitrogen of the imidazolium cation with a ##EQU1## group in which each A is an aryl radical and B is an aliphatic, aryl-substituted aliphatic or aromatic radical, said salts being useful as antimicrobial agents.

Abstract: An azo compound free of sulphonic acid groups, of the formula ##SPC1##Wherein B is the radical of a coupling component of the phenol or naphthol, pyrazolone, pyridone, aminopyrazole, enolisable keto compound or alkylaniline series and Y is a sulphur atom or a nitrogen atom, R represents a hydrocarbon radical or a hydrogen atom, and n =1 or 2, n being 1 if Y= --S-- and n being 2 if Y= --N=, and wherein the ring D can carry yet further substituents and the dyestuff molecule contains at least one carboxyl group, and useful in dyeing and printing leather, wool, silk and synthetic fibers such as acrylic, acrylonitrile, polyamide and especially aromatic polyester fibers.

Abstract: Compounds of the formula, ##SPC1##WhereinR.sup.1 and R.sup.2 each stand for hydrogen or a group of the generalformula --(CH.sub.2).sub.n --SO.sub.3 H,n is an integer between 1 and 5, andR.sup.3 stands for an alkyl group,As well as the salts and quaternary salts thereof have been prepared by various methods. The new compounds according to the invention possess valuable fungicidal and/or ovicidal properties, and can be used as active ingredients of plantbiological compositions, cosmetics and pharmaceuticals, respectively.

Abstract: A process for preparing a substituted urea of the formula ##EQU1## wherein R.sup.1 taken separately is alkyl having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, alkenyl having 3 to 8 carbon atoms, cycloalkyl having 5 to 6 carbon atoms or aryl having 6 to 12 carbon atoms; R.sup.2 taken separately is hydrogen, alkyl having 1 to 18 carbon atoms, alkenyl having 2 to 18 carbon atoms, aralkyl having 7 to 14 carbon atoms or aryl having 6 to 12 carbon atoms or R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 taken together form a polymethylene bridge having 2 to 10 carbon atoms; R is a tetravalent alkane radical having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, a tetravalent alkene radical having 3 to 8 carbon atoms, a tetravalent cycloalkane radical having 5 to 6 carbon atoms, a tetravalent aralkane radical having 7 to 14 carbon atoms or a tetravalent aryl radical having 6 to 12 carbon atoms and X.sup.1, X.sup.2 and X.sup.

Abstract: The specification discloses esters of benzimidazole-1-carboximidic acids having antifungal properties and the use of these compounds for the protection of crops and plants from attack by fungi.