Abstract: A membrane reactor includes a catalyst layer, a separation membrane, and a buffer layer. The catalyst layer contains a catalyst for promoting a conversion reaction from a feed gas containing hydrogen and carbon oxide to a liquid fuel. The separation membrane is permeable to water vapor which is a byproduct of the conversion reaction. The buffer layer is disposed between the separation membrane and the catalyst layer, and permeable to the water vapor toward the separation membrane.

Abstract: Improved systems and methods are disclosed for producing sulfur dioxide using oxygen and submerged combustion. By incorporating a vapour phase combusting step in addition to the submerged combusting step, the downstream sulfur condenser may be made substantially smaller with reduced complexity and cost. Further, energy recovery is simplified and improved.

Abstract: A reactor system includes a reactor that treats a lipid feedstock using a metal oxide catalyst to produce a treated stream comprising a bio-oil. The reactor system includes a catalyst zone in which the metal oxide catalyst reacts with the lipid feedstock to produce the treated stream. The reactor system operates in a reaction mode, during which the lipid feedstock flows in a downward direction through the metal oxide catalyst to produce the treated stream. Alternately, the reactor also operates in a regeneration mode, during which coke is burned from the metal oxide catalyst thereby regenerating the metal oxide catalyst. In one aspect, a regeneration mode pressure is less than a reaction mode pressure within the reactor to fluidize the catalyst.

Abstract: A 1-methylcyclopropene generation apparatus according to one embodiment of the present invention comprises: a container comprising a 1-MCP precursor and a reaction solution, and having a pair of through-holes formed in the upper part thereof; a main body comprising an accommodation space for accommodating the container; and a cap coupled to the upper part of the main body in a state in which the container is accommodated in the accommodation space of the main body, wherein the cap comprises an upper frame, a lower frame, a first tube and a second tube, and the lower frame comprises a pair of first tube connection terminals arranged at one side and the other side, and a pair of second tube connection terminals arranged between the pair of first tube connection terminals.

Abstract: Aspects of the present invention relate to a shell-and-tube heat exchanger (101), a method of using said heat exchanger, and to a hydrocarbon cracking furnace system comprising said heat exchanger. The shell-and-tube heat exchanger comprises at least: a spiral baffle (7) arranged to provide a helical flow path through the shell body (103) and an outlet collector pipe (4) that supports the spiral baffle and that extends substantially coaxially within the shell body, wherein the outlet collector pipe is mounted to and passes through a second tubesheet (106) bordering the shell body (103) on one terminal end, and wherein the outlet collector pipe (4) is separated from a first tubesheet (105) on the opposing terminal end by a gap that allows a shell-side fluid (F2) to exit the shell body (103).

Abstract: A processing system for producing a product material from a liquid mixture includes an array of one or more power jet modules adapted to jet the liquid mixture into one or more streams of droplets and force the one or more streams of droplets into the processing system adapted to process the one or more streams of droplets into the product material. A method for producing a product material from a liquid mixture on a processing system includes moving each of the one or more power jet modules and be connected to an opening of a dispersion chamber, opening one or more doors of the one or more power jet modules, processing the one or more streams of droplets inside a reaction chamber, closing the one or more doors of the power jets modules and moving each of the one or more power jet modules in a second direction.

Abstract: Methods and systems for producing calcium carbonate from calcium hydroxide and carbon dioxide are disclosed herein. In some embodiments, a method for producing calcium carbonate comprises (i) providing a first plurality of particles comprising solid-state calcium hydroxide, and (ii) introducing a gas stream comprising carbon dioxide to the first plurality of particles to produce a second plurality of particles comprising calcium carbonate. Individual ones of the first plurality of particles can include a specific surface area of at least 20 m2/g and a free moisture content of from 2% to 20%. The second plurality of particles comprising calcium carbonate are not produced via precipitation.

Abstract: A gas production device and a gas production system capable of efficiently manufacturing a produced gas containing carbon monoxide from a raw material gas containing carbon dioxide are provided. The gas production device manufactures a produced gas containing carbon monoxide by bringing a raw material gas containing carbon dioxide into contact with a reductant that reduces the carbon dioxide. The device includes a connecting portion supplying the raw material gas, a reducing gas supply section supplying a reducing gas for reducing the reductant oxidized by contact with the carbon dioxide, a reaction section including a plurality of reactors, to which the connecting portion and the reducing gas supply section are respectively connected, and the reductant arranged in the reactors, and a concentration adjustment section provided between the connecting portion and the reactors and adjusting a concentration of oxygen contained in the raw material gas to less than 1% by volume.

Abstract: A combined reforming apparatus is provided. The combined reforming apparatus includes two or more catalyst tubes reacting at different temperatures, and allows different reforming reactions to be performed subsequently as the combustion gas supplies heat to two or more catalyst tubes one after another.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an apparatus for reducing greenhouse gas emission in a vessel and a vessel including the same, in which an absorbent liquid recycling unit is provided in two or more stages so that an unreacted aqueous ammonium salt solution remaining in ammonia water is removed to maintain a concentration of ammonia water at a certain level, thereby increasing a recovery rate of an absorbent liquid and preventing a deterioration in greenhouse gas absorption performance. Or in which exhaust gas is cooled by a heat exchange method, thereby preventing a decrease in a concentration of an absorbent liquid, and an absorbent liquid recycling unit is provided in two or more stages so that an unreacted aqueous ammonium salt solution remaining in ammonia water is removed, thereby increasing a recovery rate of the absorbent liquid and preventing a deterioration in greenhouse gas absorption performance.

Abstract: The presently disclosed subject matter relates to an industrial system for processing various plant materials to produce marketable materials. Particularly, the system integrates subcritical water extraction technology and includes a pre-processing module and a two-stage extractor (processing module) with constant control of temperature, pressure, and/or residence time. In some embodiments, the final product of the disclosed system can include feedstock constituents for biofuel production (sugars and/or oil), biochar, raw materials for various industries (such as pulp for manufacturing paper or cellulose for use in various industries). The disclosed system can be modular or non-modular, stationary or mobile, and can include prefabricated elements with programmed automatic or manual operation so that it can be easily moved and/or assembled on site.

Abstract: A process and reaction system for preparation of methanol. A fresh methanol synthesis gas stream is introduced in a first methanol reaction unit in the presence of a methanol catalyst, resulting in a first effluent stream containing methanol and unconverted synthesis gas. A recycle gas stream containing the unconverted methanol synthesis gas contained in the first effluent stream and unconverted methanol synthesis gas from a second methanol reaction unit is introduced and reacted in the second methanol reaction unit in the presence of a methanol catalyst. The first effluent stream and a part of a second effluent stream containing methanol and the unconverted methanol synthesis gas from the second methanol reaction unit are combined, cooled, and separated into a methanol-containing liquid stream and the recycle stream. The remaining part of the second effluent stream is withdrawn as a purge gas stream prior to combining the first and second effluent streams.

Abstract: An apparatus includes a filter body, which filters an exhaust gas and feeds it to an adsorption reaction device and is disposed below the adsorption reaction device; and a housing which provides an internal space for storing powder separated from the filter body and is installed below the adsorption reaction device, which housing includes a filter installation unit, which is a space projected below the adsorption reaction device and which provides a filter installation space internally for installing the filter body and an expansion unit that protrudes sideways from the filter installation unit and provides an expansion space which communicates internally with the filter installation space, and the internal space is expanded by the expansion space to increase the powder collection capacity. A suction port for sucking in the exhaust gas is installed in the expansion unit.

Abstract: A flow reactor system for providing on-demand H2 evolution at pressure from a liquid organic hydrogen carrier and/or blends thereof includes a reactor that includes a reaction vessel having an inlet and outlet. The inlet is configured to introduce reactants into the reaction vessel, and the outlet is configured to release reaction products. The reaction vessel is configured to hold therein a catalyst system capable of catalyzing the evolution of molecular hydrogen from a liquid organic hydrogen carrier. Advantageously, the reaction vessel is configured to operate at pressures greater than or equal to 50 psig (e.g., from about 50 psig to about 10500 psig. The flow reactor system also includes a source of preheated liquid organic hydrogen carrier in fluid communication with the reactor and a purification system in fluid communication with the outlet that provides purified molecular hydrogen gas for on-demand applications.

Abstract: A method and system of controlling a cohort of ozone gas generating devices. The method comprises identifying, at a computing device, a plurality of ozone gas generating devices that constitute the cohort, detecting, via at least one remote ozone gas sensor device located in a spatial area associated with the cohort in conjunction with one or more processors of the computing device, a concentration of ozone gas constituent of ambient air within the spatial area, and instructing, responsive to detecting the concentration of the ozone gas constituent as being one of above and below a predetermined threshold concentration, at least one ozone gas generating device of the cohort to perform one of increasing and decreasing a rate of ozone gas generation associated therewith.

Abstract: Provided is a method for cooling a methanol r synthesis reactor effluent vapor stream in a methanol production plant, wherein the method comprises the steps of: receiving, using an inlet of a cooler, the methanol synthesis reactor effluent vapor stream from an interchanger or a methanol synthesis reactor of the methanol production plant; and spraying, using a recirculation pump connected to a spraying device, a liquid condensate received from a methanol synthesis loop onto a tube sheet of the cooler which enables direct contact of the liquid condensate with the methanol synthesis reactor effluent vapor stream and cools the methanol synthesis reactor effluent vapor stream.

Abstract: A control system, for controlling an injection amount of a reducing agent injected into exhaust gas flowing from a coal-fired boiler in a thermal power generation facility toward a denitrification reactor of a denitrification device, includes: a first predictor predicting a first concentration of nitrogen oxides in the exhaust gas flowing toward the denitrification reactor based on first operation data of the thermal power generation facility; and a control device controlling the injection amount based on a predicted value of the first concentration. The first operation data includes at least either one of second operation data and third operation data, the second operation data being operation data of one or more coal pulverizers provided in the thermal power generation facility, and the third operation data being operation data of the coal-fired boiler affected by variation in operation conditions of the one or more coal pulverizers.

Abstract: Apparatuses and a method for plate-based oligonucleotide synthesis are disclosed. In one example, an apparatus used in oligonucleotide synthesis includes a synthesis adapter base to receive a commercially available synthesis plate. A keeper is used to apply pressure to the commercially available synthesis plate, and a sealing element is used to seal the commercially-available synthesis plate to the system adapter base. Other methods and apparatuses are disclosed.

Abstract: The presently disclosed subject matter relates to an industrial system for processing various plant materials to produce marketable materials. Particularly, the system integrates subcritical water extraction technology and includes a pre-processing module and a two-stage extractor (processing module) with constant control of temperature, pressure, and/or residence time. In some embodiments, the final product of the disclosed system can include feedstock constituents for biofuel production (sugars and/or oil), biochar, raw materials for various industries (such as pulp for manufacturing paper or cellulose for use in various industries). The disclosed system can be modular or non-modular, stationary or mobile, and can include prefabricated elements with programmed automatic or manual operation so that it can be easily moved and/or assembled on site.

Abstract: Described herein are methods for producing multiple disinfecting agents from oils and reactors for producing multiple disinfecting agents from oils.