Abstract: In order to enhance the stability of sodium percarbonate bleach in particulate detergent compositions, crystalline aluminosilicate and a water-soluble alkali metal silicate in an amount of from 1-20% by weight based on the aluminosilicate are included in the non-spray dried base powder. In order to obtain the stabilizing effect, the crystalline aluminosilicate comprises zeolite MAP or the alkali metal silicate is homogeneously dispersed with respect to the aluminosilicate.

Abstract: The invention relates to textile softener concentrates based on pentaerythritol and/or dipentaerythritol fatty acid partial esters. The dispersibility of such softener concentrates in cold water can be significantly improved by addition of a special emulsifier combination of quaternary ammonium compounds and nonionic compounds. The quaternary ammonium compounds are quaternized alkoxylated alkylamines and/or esterquats. Ethoxylated and/or propoxylated fatty acids or fatty acid esters and end-capped fatty alcohol polyglycol ethers are suitable nonionic emulsifiers.

Abstract: A light duty liquid detergent with desirable cleansing properties and mildness to the human skin comprising: two different sulfonate surfactants, an alkali metal or ammonium salt of a C.sub.8-18 ethoxylated alkyl ether sulfate anionic surfactant, an alkyl polyglucoside surfactant, an alkanol amide or amine oxide and an antibacterial system comprising trichlorohydroxydiphenyl ether, a C.sub.1 -C.sub.3 alkanol and an alkali metal halide, and water.

Abstract: The invention provides compositions and methods for the oxidative coloring of human hair. The compositions of the invention contain as a primary dye intermediate a 1-(4-aminophenyl) pyrrolidine, or a cosmetically acceptable salt thereof. The compositions may also contain at least one other primary intermediate and conventional coupling compounds, in addition to an oxidizing agent and other components typically used in oxidative hair dye preparations. Preferred dye intermediates in the compositions of the invention include 1-(4-aminophenyl) pyrrolidine and 1-(4-amino-3-methylphenyl) pyrrolidine, or cosmetically acceptable salts thereof, which produce intense neutral colors when used in admixture with a suitable coupling agents, such as 3-aminophenol, in conventional hair dye base formulations.

Abstract: An improvement is described in all purpose liquid cleaning compositions and microemulsion compositions which are especially effective in the removal of oily and greasy soil and containing an anionic surfactant, an amine oxide surfactant, an ethoxylated nonionic surfactant, a cosurfactant, a hydrocarbon ingredient, and water.

Abstract: All purpose cleaning or microemulsion compositions contains a nonionic surfactant, a foam control agent, and water.

Abstract: The invention provides an aqueous, hard surface cleaner with significantly improved residue removal and substantially reduced filming/streaking, said cleaner comprising:(a) an effective amount of at least one organic solvent with a vapor pressure of at least 0.001 mm Hg at 25.degree. C., and mixtures of such solvents;(b) an effective amount of at least one semi-polar nonionic surfactant, said surfactant having the structure: ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 is C.sub.5-20 alkyl, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 are both C.sub.1-4 alkyl, ##STR2## OR --(CH.sub.2).sub.p -OH, although R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 do not have to be equal, and n is 1-5, and p is 1-6;(c) an effective amount of a buffering system which comprises a nitrogenous buffer which will result in a pH of greater than 6.5; and(d) the remainder as substantially all water.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are hard surface cleaners and methods for creating and using them. The cleaners combine a monocarboxylic acid with an ampholytic surfactant having no carboxyl groups, in an aqueous solution. In one aspect, lactic acid, water, and sodium caprylo ampho hydroxpropyl sulphonate are present.

Abstract: A detergent composition comprising an alkaline metal hydroxide, an alkaline metal salt of L-aspartic-N,N-diacetic acid, optionally a scale inhibitor and/or an alkaline metal salt of gluconic acid. This detergent composition is used for removing soils, stains and other contaminants adhering to or deposited on the surfaces of glass, plastics, metals, etc., specifically the hard surfaces of, for example, containers for foodstuffs such as drinks and process foods, container boxes, piping of food production equipment, tanks, sterilizing plates, plate heat exchangers, filling machines and the like, by such means as soaking the parts to be cleaned in a cleaning solution, circulating a cleaning solution in the facilities to be cleaned, or spraying a cleaning solution over the surfaces to be cleaned. This detergent composition has excellent cleaning performance and excellent biodegradability.

Abstract: A high critical temperature and high critical current density superconductor is disclosed which contains a metal oxide expressed by the following formula (I):(R.sup.1.sub.1-x, Ba.sub.x)Ba.sub.2 Cu.sub.3 O.sub.d (I)wherein R.sup.1 stands for at least one element selected from the group consisting of La, Nd, Sm, Eu and Gd, x is a number greater than 0 but not greater than 0.5 and d is a number between 6.2 and 7.2. Fine phases of RE211, RE422 and/or a metal oxide expressed by the formula (R.sup.2.sub.1-z, Ba.sub.z) (Ba.sub.1-y, R.sup.2.sub.y).sub.2 Cu.sub.3 O.sub.p (R.sup.2 =La, Nd, Sm, Eu or Gd) may be dispersed in a matrix of the matrix phase of the formula (I). The above superconductor may be obtained by cooling a melt having a temperature of 1,000.degree.-1,300.degree. C. and containing R.sup.1, Ba, Cu and O at a cooling rate of 5.degree. C./hour or less under a partial pressure of oxygen of between 0.00001 and 0.05 atm, followed by annealing at 250.degree.-600.degree. C. in an oxygen atmosphere.

Abstract: A 2-Substituted-1-naphthol of the formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.3 is C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyl or monohydroxy C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyl couples with a primary intermediate of the formula: ##STR2## wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are each independently C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyl to produce an oxidative dye.

Abstract: An alkaline aqueous cleaning composition for cleaning a substrate contaminated with industrial-type soil contaminants contains (i) an aqueous portion and (ii) an active-ingredient portion composed of (A) an alkalinity-providing agent and (B) a surfactant mixture containing (a) an active concentration of an ethoxylated C.sub.9-11 alkanol surfactant having an HLB value at 25.degree. C. of from about 10 to about 12 and (b) an active concentration of at least one aminocarboxylic acid surfactant of the general formula:R--N(H)--R', (I)wherein R is a straight or branched chain aliphatic organic group having from 10 to 20 carbon atoms, and R' is a straight or branched chain carboxylic acid having from 1 to 7 carbon atoms. At an active-concentration ratio of surfactant (a) to surfactant (b) of about 2.5:1, the surfactants have a synergistic effect on the cleaning composition's ability to remove certain types of industrial soil contaminants from the substrate.

Abstract: A process for removing a stain from a localized stained area on a fabric. The process comprises the following steps: (a) placing the stained area of the fabric over and in contact with an absorbent stain receiver; (b) applying a fluid cleaning composition, which comprises at least about 95%, by weight water, to the stain from a container having a dispenser spout with a distal tip; and (c) rubbing or pressing the cleaning composition into the stain using the distal tip of the spout. This process causes the stain to be transferred into the stain receiver before the fabric is used or subjected to conventional laundering or dry-cleaning processes.

Abstract: Substantially nonaqueous concentrates for use in preparing stable, aqueous cleaner/degreaser compositions in the form of totally water soluble solutions comprise (a) at least one sparingly water soluble organic solvent having certain defined characteristics; (b) a solubilizing additive consisting of from approximately 0.1 to approximately 100 weight percent of a surfactant and from 0 to approximately 99.9 weight percent of a coupler, the solubilizing additive being present in an amount of approximately 3% to approximately 15% by weight excess over that minimally required to form a clear solution when the concentrate is combined with water; and (c) not more than 10.0 weight percent of water; (d) the concentrate forming a barely clear, totally water soluble solution when diluted with water to produce a solution having the desired cleaning/degreasing strength.

Abstract: The present invention relate to textured YBa.sub.2 Cu.sub.3 O.sub.x (Y-123) superconductors and a process of preparing them by directional recrystallization of compacts fabricated from quenched YBCO powders at temperatures about 100.degree. C. below the peritectic temperature to provide a superconductor where more than 75% of the YBa.sub.2 Cu.sub.3 O.sub.x phase is obtained without any Y.sub.2 BaCuO.sub.5 .

Abstract: A surfactant composition comprising the formula: ##STR1## wherein X is: ##STR2## wherein R and R.sub.1 independently represent the same or different C.sub.1 to C.sub.36 straight or branched chain alkyl, alkene, aryl, alkylaryl and arylalkyl, said R and R.sub.1 optionally further characterized as containing ether, thioether, polyalkylene oxide, amine or quaternary ammonium, amide or ester groups; or are substituted thereby with the open valence filled by R.sub.3 wherein R.sub.3 is hydrogen or R, n is a whole number from 2 to about 4, m is 0 to 10, v is 0 or 1, w is 0, 1, or 2 and x and y are whole number integers of from 1-50.More specifically, R and R.sub.1 can individually represent: ##STR3## wherein R.sub.2 independently is selected from the group defined by R and z is 0 or a whole integer.

Abstract: A novel class of nonionic gemini surfactants and methods for their preparation consist of compounds with three hydrophilic heads and two lipophilic tails of the general formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.3 independently represents a C.sub.1 to C.sub.22 straight or branched chain alkyl, alkylene, aryl or alkylaryl, or hydrogen, with the proviso that both cannot be hydrogen; R.sub.2 represents a C.sub.1 to C.sub.5 straight or branched chain alkyl, alkylene or hydrogen, (Y) represents ##STR2## wherein R.sub.4 represents C.sub.1 to C.sub.3 alkyl or hydrogen and may be the same or different; X represents --(CH.sub.2).sub.a -- wherein a is a whole number of from 1 to 5; --S--, --S--S--, --SO.sub.2, --(CH.sub.2).sub.a SO.sub.2 (CH.sub.2).sub.a --,--O--, --C.dbd.O, or --CH.sub.2 --NR--CH.sub.2 -- wherein R is a C.sub.1 to C.sub.3 straight or branched chain alkyl, alkylene or hydrogen and x, y, and z are whole numbers of from about 6 to about 300.

Abstract: There is provided a composition adapted for use in machine dishwashing having reduced silver-tarnishing, as well as good cleaning performance. The composition contains an oxygen bleach and a water-soluble bismuth compound.

Abstract: A cleansing composition which comprises a cleansing effective amount of a long chain alkyl or alkenyl containing surfactant or mixtures thereof and a color stabilizing effective amount of a compound selected from the group consisting of ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3, R.sub.4, R.sub.5, R.sub.6, R.sub.7 and R.sub.8 are the same or different and are isopropyl or tertiary butyl, ##STR2## wherein R.sub.9 and R.sub.10 are the same or different and are isopropyl or tertiary butyl and n is about 8 to about 20, or ##STR3## wherein R.sub.11, R.sub.12, R.sub.13, R.sub.14, R.sub.15 and R.sub.16 are the same or different and are isopropyl or tertiary butyl.

Abstract: A cleaning solution for cleaning a contact lens, which includes at least one first component each consisting of a tertiary amine oxide which is represented by the formula given in the specification and at least one second component each consisting of an anionic surface active agent in the form of a triethanolamine salt, a total content of the at least one first component and the at least one second component being within a range of 0.1-20% by weight, a ratio of a total content of the at least one first component to a total content of the at least one second component being within a range from 1/4 to 30/1.