Abstract: A parameter similarity method for test simulation conditions of an aerodynamic heating environment is disclosed. With respect to the requirement that the adiabatic wall enthalpy and the cold-wall heat flux are equal in the simulation test of the aerodynamic heating environment, a method that can ensure the similarity of ground test parameters and flight parameters without the equal adiabatic wall enthalpy is proposed, and solves the problems of relying on the equal adiabatic wall enthalpy and making it difficult to accurately simulate the real aerodynamic heating environment in the current test simulation method, and provides guarantee for heat transfer and ablation test research of thermal protection/insulation material under the high temperature aerodynamic heating environment. The test conditions are not affected by the value of the adiabatic wall enthalpy. According to the method, most test devices can simulate the aerodynamic heating environment with high enthalpy.

Abstract: A method for forming a pressure sensor is provided wherein an optical fibre is provided, the optical fibre comprising a core, a cladding surrounding the core, and a birefringence structure for inducing birefringence in the core. The birefringence structure comprises first and second holes enclosed within the cladding and extending parallel to the core. A portion of the optical fibre comprising of the core and the birefringence structure is encased within a chamber, wherein the chamber is defined by a housing comprising a pressure transfer element for equalising pressure between the inside and the outside of the housing. An optical sensor is provided along the core of the optical fibre. The cladding is internally etched by flowing an etchant through the first and second holes along a length of the portion of optical fibre which comprises the optical sensor so as to increase the width of the first and second holes. The chamber is filled with a substantially non-compressible fluid.

Abstract: A sealed cooling system includes a coolant tank having a liquid space configured to hold liquid coolant, and a gas space configured to hold gas. A temperature sensor detects the temperature of the liquid coolant. A pressure sensor detects the pressure in the coolant tank. A processor compares the pressure in the coolant tank to predicted pressure in the coolant tank as a function of liquid coolant temperature. The processor determines and outputs a signal indicative of a leak in the sealed cooling system if the pressure in the coolant tank deviates from the predicted pressure in the coolant tank according to predetermined criteria.

Abstract: A remaining tire tread depth management system includes a remaining tire tread depth measurement device configured to measure a remaining tread depth of at least one of aircraft tires mounted on an aircraft, a tire wear amount estimation device configured to estimate a wear amount of all of the aircraft tires mounted on the aircraft including the aircraft tires, and a tire management server configured to estimate a remaining tread depth and a number of available flight times of all of the aircraft tires in accordance with measurement data output from the remaining tire tread depth measurement device and estimation data output from the tire wear amount estimation device.

Abstract: In an embodiment a system includes a sensor including a base having a base electrode and a first membrane suspended above the base, wherein the first membrane has a first membrane electrode, wherein the first membrane is configured to deflect with respect to the base electrode in response to an environmental condition, and wherein the sensor is configured to measure a capacitance between the base electrode and the first membrane electrode. The system further includes a first device of the system configured to generate electrical interference signals, a first electrically conductive shield layer positioned between the sensor and the first device of the system, wherein the first electrically conductive shield layer defines a plurality of first apertures extending through the first electrically conductive shield layer and a dielectric material disposed in the plurality of first apertures.

Abstract: Methods and apparatuses related to freeze resistant sensing assemblies are provided. An example pressure sensing assembly may include: a first member defining an aperture, the aperture comprising an inner opening disposed on an inner surface of the first member and an outer opening disposed on an outer surface of the first member; a protection diaphragm disposed on the inner surface of the first member; and a sensing diaphragm disposed in a second member fastened to the first member.

Abstract: Apparatus and associated methods relate to detecting turbulence of an airstream over an airfoil surface of an aircraft using a sequence of acoustic transducers attached to the airfoil surface of the aircraft along a path. Each of the sequence of acoustic transducers is configured to detect acoustic waves indicative of airstream condition proximate the acoustic transducer. A processor is configured to determine, for each of the sequence of acoustic transducers, a level of turbulence of the airstream proximate the acoustic transducer.

Abstract: An aircraft airflow sensor probe configured to correct measurements based on aircraft movement includes a vane assembly configured to sense a direction of local airflow outside an aircraft, at least one accelerometer configured to detect aircraft movement, a sensor configured to sense and output a rotational position of the vane assembly, and an angle of attack processor configured to determine at least a measured angle of attack of the aircraft based on the rotational position of the vane assembly. The angle of attack processor further configured to determine a correction value based on the aircraft movement data provided by the at least one accelerometer and output a corrected angle of attack of the aircraft.

Abstract: It is desired to further reduce output errors which are caused by temperature characteristics. A sensor device is provided which includes a sense circuit which outputs a sense signal according to a magnitude of a detected physical quantity, an amplifier circuit which amplifies the sense signal, and a switching unit which switches at least one of a sensitivity of the sense circuit and an offset of the amplifier circuit discontinuously according to whether a temperature measurement value exceeds a threshold value.

Abstract: If the bridge circuit fails due to damage of the diaphragm, the damage is detected at an early stage. A pressure sensor comprises: a substrate provided with a diaphragm; a bridge circuit having four resistor devices provided at the diaphragm, the bridge circuit being applied with high-voltage-side voltage and low-voltage-side voltage, and having two output terminals; a detecting unit for detecting a first output at a first output terminal and a second output at a second output terminal, each output terminal being of the bridge circuit; and a failure detecting unit for detecting failure of the bridge circuit based on a detection result at the detecting unit.

Abstract: Methods and apparatuses for indicating the presence of a threshold directional differential pressure between separated adjacent spaces. A conduit contains at least one movable element that indicates whether the pressure difference between the two spaces is at least as high as a threshold pressure difference. The apparatus is adjustable to have different threshold set points by adjusting the pivot arm inclination relative to a horizontal plane.

Abstract: A method for measuring the concentration of a gas includes heating a first gas with a pulse of light, the pulse of light having a wavelength absorbed by the first gas, wherein the first gas exerts pressure on a flexible membrane. The method includes receiving a first signal indicating a first deflection of the membrane, wherein the first deflection is due to a change in pressure of the first gas and receiving a second signal indicating a second deflection of the membrane occurring after the first signal, wherein the second deflection is due to the change in pressure of the first gas. The method includes determining a difference between the first signal and the second signal and, based on the difference between the first signal and the second signal, determining a first concentration of the first gas.

Abstract: A tire state detection device that includes: a temperature sensor that detects a temperature in a tire air chamber; an acceleration sensor that detects acceleration associated with rotation of a tire; a pressure sensor that detects pressure in the tire air chamber; a storage unit that stores a plurality of maps for calculating a fatigue state of the tire on the basis of the detected temperature, the detected acceleration and the detected pressure; and a tire fatigue index calculation unit that calculates, by referring to each of the plurality of maps, a tire fatigue index from the detected acceleration, the detected temperature, and the detected pressure.

Abstract: An ultrasonic extraction performance checking device and method for an ultrasonic extractor for detecting and analyzing a chemical composition of a consumer product. The ultrasonic extraction performance checking device includes a hanging frame which is hung inside the ultrasonic extractor and matched with the ultrasonic extractor, and a hanging frame plane checking device which is detachably and vertically or horizontally placed in the hanging frame and clamped with an alloy foil. The alloy foil is surrounded by a tensioning fixture. The tensioning fixture causes the alloy foil to generate a surface tension of 5 to 15 N and to be tightened and fixed to the bottom surface of the hanging frame plane checking device.

Abstract: A method of marking indicia on tab stock used to provide tabs for use with can ends. The method comprises providing the tab stock to a tab press comprising a punch and a die. The punch comprises a set of raised features and the die comprises a respective set of recessed features such that the features cooperate to deboss said indicia on regions of the tab stock within tab forming areas that face outwardly when the tabs are attached to a tab end. The features are such that, when the press is fully closed, the spacing between at least part of each of the raised features and at least part of each of the respective recessed features is less than the thickness of the tab stock in said regions within tab forming areas.

Abstract: A test meter and method for detecting the presence and/or concentration of an analyte in a liquid biological sample. The meter includes an internal cavity receiving a test strip. A pressure sensor is arranged and configured to sense a pressure exerted by the inserted test strip relative to the meter housing. A controller receives signals corresponding to the sensed pressure, compares the signal to a pressure threshold value, and indicates when the sensed pressure exceeds the pressure threshold value. The method is for detecting the application of an undue pressure applied against a test strip relative to a meter, and includes receiving a test strip in a meter in a position adjacent a pressure sensor, using the sensor to sense the pressure applied by the inserted test strip relative to the meter, and comparing the sensed pressure to a predetermined threshold value.

Abstract: A pressure sensor includes a pressure detecting element; a base material on which the pressure detecting element is mounted; a pad electrode provided on the base material and electrically connected to the pressure detecting element; a ground electrode provided on the base material and spaced from the pad electrode; and a cap having a tubular shape, the cap surrounding a periphery of the pressure detecting element on the base material and being attached to the ground electrode with a conductive adhesive. An inner receiving section is provided between an inner peripheral surface of the cap and a ground-electrode-side end surface of the cap, the inner receiving section thereby preventing excessive spreading of the conductive adhesive. The cap can be attached to the base material with the conductive adhesive without causing excessive spreading of the conductive adhesive.

Abstract: The present disclosure is directed to an auto-sampling system with syringe, valve configurations, and control logic that allow automatic, inline matrix matching of calibration standards to samples. In implementations, this can be accomplished with three independent syringes connected to a valve system to dynamically introduce a carrier, diluent, and ultrapure stock matrix flows for each blank, standard, or sample.

Abstract: A measuring apparatus for measuring a flexural strength of a test piece includes a support unit having a first support member and a second support member that are spaced from each other, for supporting a lower surface of the test piece, a presser for pressing the test piece, a moving mechanism for relatively moving the presser toward and away from the test piece supported by the support unit, a load measuring unit for measuring a load applied to the presser when the presser presses the test piece supported by the support unit, and a controller having a calculating section for calculating the flexural strength of the test piece on the basis of a thickness and a width of the test piece, a spacing between the first support member and the second support member, and a maximum value of the load measured by the load measuring unit.

Abstract: A leak detection system includes a high voltage leak detection (HVLD) testing system configured to inspect a package using a HVLD apparatus that includes an inspection electrode and a detection electrode. The leak detection system includes a grounding system that includes a grounding element. The grounding system is configured to remove, significantly reduce, or conduct away electric charge accumulation on the package. The leak detection system also includes a controller configured to operate and coordinate the operation of the grounding system with the operation of the HVLD testing system.