Abstract: Provided is a method of fabricating an organic light emitting device using a solution process. The method includes forming an electrode on a lower substrate; depositing an organic active material solution containing at least one photoreactive material on the electrode to form an organic active material layer; and radiating light onto the organic active material layer so that a characteristic of the light varies according to the depth of the organic active material layer in order to gradually vary a molecular orientation structure in the organic active material layer according to the depths, thereby resulting in a carrier mobility gradient according to the depths of the organic active material layer.

Abstract: A light emitting device includes a package having a recessed portion defined by a bottom surface and a side surface and a light emitting element mounted on the bottom surface of the recessed portion, in which the package has fibrous fillers, and at least some of the fillers are projected outwards through the side surface and coated with a reflection film made of metal.

Abstract: The invention relates to controllable powerful cold-cathode gas-discharge devices or pseudospark switches intended for rapidly switching high-current high-voltage circuits, which can be used in different pulse devices. The inventive cold-cathode gas-discharge device comprises an anode, a hollow cathode which is separated therefrom by a main discharge gap and whose base is oriented thereto, wherein said base is provided with openings embodied therein for coupling the main discharge gap to a trigger electrode which is arranged in the cathode cavity and is provided with an igniter made of a polycrystal semiconductor material based on a semiconductor whose energy gap is larger than 1.

Abstract: A display device includes a plurality of gas discharge tubes sandwiched between a front support plate and a rear support plate. A plurality of signal electrodes are formed on the rear support plate to extend along the longitudinal direction of the gas discharge tubes. The signal electrodes are divided into a plurality of groups. The distance between adjacent ones of the signal electrodes in each group has a first distance. The distance between adjacent ones of the signal electrodes between adjacent groups has a second distance that is larger than the first distance. Thus, a space may be provided between the two adjacent gas discharge tubes of the respective adjacent groups.

Abstract: A lamp, a method of making a bulb for a lamp and an optical apparatus are disclosed. The lamp may include an anode and cathode disposed within a bulb. The bulb may include an optically refractive wall that is rotationally symmetric about an axis. A thickness of the wall may decrease with increase in azimuthal angle between an equatorial plane of the bulb and a point on the bulb's surface. The apparatus may include the lamp and an ellipsoidal reflecting surface. An alternative apparatus may include an ellipsoidal reflecting surface and a lamp having an anode and cathode within a bulb. A gap between the anode and cathode may be proximate a focus of the reflecting surface. The bulb may include an optically refractive wall configured such that a 0.24/0.13 NA power ratio for bulb light coupled to the interior ellipsoidal reflecting surface is between about 3.0 and about 3.3.

Abstract: An electroluminescent device contains (1) first and second electrodes, at least one of which is transparent to radiation; (2) a hole conducting layer containing first nanoparticles wherein the hole conducting layer is in contact with said first electrode; (3) an electron conducting layer containing second nanoparticles where the electron conducting layer is in contact with the hole conducting layer and the second electrode; and optionally (4) a voltage source capable of providing positive and negative voltage, where the positive pole of the voltage source is connected to the first electrode and the negative pole is connected to the second electrode. In some embodiments, the electroluminescent device also includes an electron-hole combination layer between the hole and electron conducting layers.

Abstract: An EL display, including a substrate having a pixel region and a non-pixel region, at least one light emitting diode disposed on the pixel region of the substrate, a sealant disposed on the non-pixel region of the substrate, an oxygen generating layer, an absorbent layer laminated onto the oxygen generating layer, and a cap adhered to the sealant, such that the at least one light emitting diode, the oxygen generating layer, and the absorbent layer are enclosed between the cap and the substrate.

Abstract: A spark plug and method of manufacturing the same, the spark plug including a metal housing holding an insulator therein, the metal housing having a threaded portion formed on an outer circumferential surface of a frontward portion of the metal housing in a crimp portion formed at a rear end of the metal housing and crimping the insulator in the axial hole of the metal housing. Furthermore, the rear-end portion of the threaded portion has a hardness that is higher than that of the crimp portion.

Abstract: An electron emission display includes first and second substrates facing each other and having a long-axis and a short-axis, first electrodes arranged on the first substrates, second electrodes arranged to intersect the first electrodes while maintaining electrical insulation from the first electrodes, electron emission regions electrically connected to one of the first and second electrodes, and phosphor layers formed on a surface of the second substrate. Intersected regions of the first and second electrodes are disposed at a predetermined angle to either the long-axis or the short-axis.

Abstract: A white-light electro-luminescent lamp having an adjustable spectral power distribution, including a first light-emitting element which emits light within each of three wavelength bands, 1) between 440 and 520 nm, 2) between 520 and 600 nm, and 3) between 600 and 680 nm. A second light-emitting element emits light within each of three wavelength bands, 1) between 440 and 520 nm, 2) between 520 and 600 nm, and 3) between 600 and 680 nm. A controller modulates the integrated spectral power of the light produced by the first and the second light-emitting elements such that the spectral power distribution of the light formed by combining the light produced by the modulated first and second light-emitting elements is substantially equal to a CIE standard daylight spectral power distribution for correlated color temperatures between 4000K-9500K.

Abstract: An electroluminescent device includes a substrate and a plurality of electroluminescent elements disposed on the substrate. Each electroluminescent element includes a first electrode, a second electrode, and a function layer including a luminescent layer and disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode. The electroluminescent elements are grouped into a plurality of groups each including at least one electroluminescent element. Barrier layers are disposed in an island-shaped manner corresponding to regions where the electroluminescent elements are disposed, and each barrier layer prevents water from transferring from the substrate to the electroluminescent element in the corresponding group.

Abstract: The elongate bulb (1) of the lamp, which defines a longitudinal axis (A), is closed at opposite ends by sealing parts (6; 32), with in each case one cap being fitted at one end, the cap having an electrical contact element (13; 25) which is connected in an electrically conductive manner to a supply conductor (15; 21) leading to a luminous means, the contact element being accommodated in a tubular extension (11; 22) of the sealing part; the contact element (13; 25) has an attachment part (14; 24) which is directed inward toward the lamp interior and is equipped with at least two barbs (20; 26) which are in contact with the tubular extension (11; 21).

Abstract: A field emission device (6), in accordance with a preferred embodiment, includes a cathode electrode (61), a gate electrode (64), a separator (62), and a number of emissive units (63) composed of an emissive material. The separator includes an insulating portion (621) and a number of conductive portions (622). The insulating portion of the separator is configured between the cathode electrode and the gate electrode for insulating the cathode electrode from the gate electrode. The emissive units are configured on the separator at positions proximate to two sides of the gate electrode. The emissive units are in connection with the cathode electrode via the conductive portions respectively. The emissive units are distributed on the separator adjacent to two sides of the gate electrode, which promotes an ability of emitting electrons from the emissive material and the emitted electrons to be guided by the gate electrode toward a smaller spot they bombard.

Abstract: A Plasma Display Panel (PDP) in which terminals of discharge electrodes are stably formed includes: first and second substrates spaced apart from each other and facing each other; first barrier ribs interposed between the first and second substrates and partitioning a plurality of discharge cells; and a plurality of pairs of discharge electrodes adapted to generate a discharge in the discharge cells. The discharge electrodes are buried in the first barrier ribs, extend along an outside of the discharge cells and are arranged in a direction to form a terminal in an edge of the discharge electrodes, and at least one groove is formed in an outermost side of the first barrier ribs through which the terminals of the discharge electrodes are exposed.

Abstract: A plasma display apparatus includes a conductive rear surface cover covering a rear surface of a plasma display panel; an optical filter provided with a conductive layer having a surface resistance of 0.5 ?/square or above, which is disposed at the front surface of the plasma display panel and serves to reduce leakage of electromagnetic waves from the plasma display panel; an optical filter fixing member electrically connected with the rear surface cover, for at least retaining the optical filter; and a conductive body having elasticity, which is interposed between the optical filter and the optical filter fixing member. A plurality of bosses are formed in the optical filter fixing member. A part of the elastic conductive body is compressed by the bosses and connection resistance with the elastic conductive body is reduced.