Abstract: A process for producing an open cell foam. The process comprises mixing a polyvinyl chloride composition, plasticizer, at least one stabilizer, and a foaming agent to form a blend; gelling the blend; forming the gelled blend into a sheet; and heating the sheet to decompose the foaming agent thereby forming the open cell foam. The sheet formed by the process. The process for forming an intermediate used in the process and the intermediate itself.

Abstract: An apparatus and a method is disclosed for continuously producing an indefinite length strip of material in a mold with monitoring of such operating characteristics as product temperature, product pressure, product quantity, film temperature, film pressure, film quantity, reaction time, processing time, product through speed, and the like, together with comparing such monitored values with "profiles" of the desired characteristics to provide for close and quick control of such characteristics. The profile is a comparison standard for each characteristic and defined as a fixed curve representing the desired change of such characteristic with respect to another characteristic, for example, the desired variable temperature along the length of a molding apparatus. Most preferably, foam products are produced.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a method of producing phenolic foams comprising introducing into a substantially closed volume a phenolic resole resin foamable composition and allowing the composition to foam in this volume wherein a pressure in excess of ambient atmospheric pressure is achieved within this volume. This pressure in excess of ambient atmospheric pressure generally is in excess of about 2 pounds per square inch, typically in excess of about 5 pounds per square inch, and preferably in excess of about 6 pounds per square inch, gauge pressure.The present invention is also directed to foams produced by the method of the invention.

Abstract: Some self-supporting screens for closing the mold head, some self-supporting separating screens, group positioning devices and group tensioning devices, are used. A series of novel installations for the shock heat treatment, stripping and removal of the products enables by combination with the foregoing means, improvement with respect to known processes, on the one hand of the manufacturing process and on the other hand enables stripping to be brought forward.

Abstract: This invention relates to dry, dense, hydrophilic polyurethane foam cleaning pads containing abrasives, detergents and combinations thereof dispersed integrally therein as well as to a method of manufacturing these pads. The pads' surfaces are strengthened by the densification of the reacting prepolymer resin during manufacture, and preferably the pads have at least one surface textured for additional cleaning area. The surfaces can contain an optional additional layer of abrasives to obtain a greater durability and a more desirable scouring action.

Abstract: Foam molding apparatus, including a rotatable table, a plurality of molds disposed on the table, a device for heating and cooling each of the molds, a device being fixed in place relative to the table for filling a specific quantity of foamable reaction mixture having several components into each of the molds, a device for opening and closing each of the molds, a first computer connected to the opening and closing device and to the heating and cooling device for opening and closing each of the molds in dependence on the position thereof and for controlling the heating and cooling of each of the molds in dependence on time, and a second computer connected to the filling device for controlling the filling device in dependence on the position of the molds.

Abstract: A method for treating foamed polymer comprising exposing said polymer to an atmosphere of at least substantially carbon dioxide at a temperature sufficient to cause transpiration, absorption and/or dissolution of carbon dioxide into said polymer and decrease the density thereof on subsequent heating.

Abstract: Process for producing foam moldings with an insert executed in a mold for foam molding consisting of a core block and a cavity block. The process comprises steps of: (a) having a film adhering to and covering the insert on one side thereof where a foam layer is formed; (b) letting the skirt portion of the film to be pinched or sandwiched by the uniting portion of the two blocks while the foaming process is executed on a foamable material; and (c) forming integrally the foam layer on that side of the insert, with the film being retained between the insert and the foam layer to be obtained.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a heat-insulating member, such as e.g. a door or housing of a refrigerator, including a shell and a foamed heat-insulating material filled in the shell and a jig used therefor. The jig is intended to hold the shell lest the shell of the heat-insulating member to be manufactured should be deformed when a foamable liquid composition is foamed in the shell. In the jig of this invention, a jig body is formed of a heat-insulating material. The method of this invention comprises the steps of holding the shell in a hollow state by means of two jigs, injecting the foamable liquid composition into the shell to foam the same in the shell. Since the jig body of the jig of this invention is made of a heat-insulating material, the necessity of external heating, which is essential to the conventional method, is substantially obviated.

Abstract: An egg carton made from expanded polystyrene with a nonexpanded skin on one side includes integrally formed cover and tray portions interconnected together by a pair of hinges adjacent opposite sides of a hingeband. The tray is divided into a plurality of cells by a plurality of partitions. At least some of the partitions have a top flap portion hinged to the top of the partition by the skin of the polystyrene. Each cell further has a pliant inside surface provided by one or more grooves in the interior cell walls. A post extending from the inside surface of the cover is formed opposite a tray support surface using a thermo molding method by which a protrusion in a top mold is inserted into a nonvented cavity of a bottom mold. A pair of integrally molded hinge posts extend above the hingeband a distance less than the width of the hingeband between hinges and seat into a groove in the hingeband when the top is in closure relationship to the tray.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing shoe sole material which is lightweight in addition to having such properties as the conventional rubber sole materials have like wear resistance and elasticity etc., in a simple manner by forming the outsole and midsole layers into one piece by fusion using a mold. The mold comprises mold pieces having on their surface optional pattern and protruding stripes of the same or different pattern carved at equal intervals, and permits a streamline-shaped heel-up on the rear end of the portions which are to become heels, at the same time as forming the midsole and outsole layers into one piece by fusion.

Abstract: In the process of preparing a thermoplastic resin foam the improvement comprising extruding a molten resin-blowing agent combination from a high pressure region to a lower pressure atmosphere of carbon dioxide, water vapor or mixtures thereof.

Abstract: A brick forming machine comprising an upper vacuum room mounted on a frame lifting up and down and enclosing an upper piston therein, an upper sealing ring mounted on the frame for sealing contact to an upper face of a mold, a lower vacuum room mounted on a truck and encircling a lower piston and giving airtight contact to a lower face of the mold, a lower sealing ring mounted detachably on an upper face of a lower half of a main body, spaces between the upper vacuum room and the upper sealing ring and also between the lower vacuum room and the lower sealing ring being respectively connected to upper and lower skirts in airtightening condition, and vacuum pressing forming operation is performed by extracting air in the spaces through an extracting pipe.

Abstract: A capstan for use on a tape transport, including a hub, a tubular outer rim supported co-axially about the hub, and a body portion of foam plastic between the hub and rim.

Abstract: Method for the preparation of rigid polyvinyl chloride foams with a density of below 200 kg/m.sup.3, in which method rigid polyvinyl chloride which is provided with a melt-flow improver is foamed with a physical blowing agent via an extruder, in which method in a first step, rigid polyvinyl chloride, together with and preferably mixed with 0.1-15 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of polyvinyl chloride of a melt-flow improver is fed to an extruder and extruded therewith to form a granulate, this granulate is subsequently impregnated, in a second step, with a physical blowing agent and finally, in a third step, the impregnated granulate is fed, to a foaming extruder in which the granulate is extruded while it passes through a temperature profile in which process the rigid polyvinyl is foamed.

Abstract: A process for making a porous dip tube for use in a pressurized container dispensing liquid material in which a mixture of polymers, one insoluble in the liquid material and a second soluble in a solvent, is extruded to form a tube and thereafter the second polymer is removed from the extruded tube to provide porosity in the wall of the tube. In use, the bulk of liquid material is forced from the bottom of the pressurized container through the tube longitudinally while gaseous matter passes through the wall of the tube to provide means to atomize the liquid material as it passes into the atmosphere.

Abstract: Improved mold structure and method of molding for mechanically frothed urethane foams is presented. The mold is filled from the bottom via an annular runner which communicates with the mold cavity. The connection between the annular runner and the mold cavity is restricted to create a back pressure in the circumferential runner.

Abstract: The strip material to be processed is passed successively at a first location and a second location. In the first location, electrical charges are deposited on one surface of the strip by corona discharge between an electrically conducting support for the strip and a wire electrode. At the second location, a sliding arc is created along the charge surface of the strip between two electrodes. Due to the prior deposit of charges, the alternating voltage to be established between the electrodes is much decreased.

Abstract: A pressed-board plant having a multi-level press for the pressing of mats of comminuted or fiber material, with or without added binder, to form pressed board, for the lamination of finishing layers to substrates and wherever multi-level presses are applicable, has a multi-level emptying rack adapted to receive the pressed articles on respective press underlays (press trays or sheets). According to the invention, a storage rack for the press underlays is provided with the levels of the storage rack spaced at levels substantially corresponding to those of the press platens in the open condition of the press and from which the underlays are introduced into the press. The storage levels are interspaced with the levels of the emptying rack.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for monitoring the average cell size of a plastic foam structure continuously emerging from a production extrusion source which include means and process steps for magnifying an image of an area of a cross-section of said foam structure, developing said image and comparing the cell size of the image with a known standard and controlling production process parameters to obtain a foam structure of predetermined average cell size.