Abstract: A method of forming a semiconductor memory device with a variable thickness gate oxide layer including a tunnel oxide layer and a thicker gate oxide layer includes the following steps. Provide a doped silicon semiconductor substrate coated with a tunnel oxide layer, a first floating gate conductor layer and a dielectric layer. Form a mask with an gate oxide opening through the mask. Etch through the gate oxide opening to form a gate oxide trench through the first polysilicon layer, the dielectric layer and the tunnel oxide layer down to the substrate. Form a gate oxide layer at the base of the gate oxide trench. Deposit a second floating gate conductor layer over the device on the exposed surfaces of the dielectric layer and down into the gate oxide trench including the gate oxide layer. Form a thin interelectrode dielectric layer upon the floating gate conductor layer. Deposit a control gate conductor layer over the device covering the device.

Abstract: A transparent heater panel having a transparent substrate, a transparent conductive layer formed on the transparent substrate, electrodes formed on the transparent conductive layer and a transparent protective layer formed on the transparent conductive layer except portions reserved for the electrodes with the end faces of the transparent conductive layer corrosion treated with a transparent protective plastic member or an anticorrosive; and a process for producing the same. The heater panel has improved durability against pollutants, environmental durability, reliability and light transmission.

Abstract: A novel electrically power heater for heating samples to very high temperatures is disclosed. The heater includes a heater base having a plurality of concentric circular rings. Each ring includes a plurality of heat lamps coupled to the heater body. The height of each concentric ring is variable and be set during design to any desirable height. In one embodiment, the height of each of the concentric rings is adjusted so as to form a contiguous upwardly sloping arc from the outermost ring to the innermost ring. In another embodiment, the height of the concentric rings is adjusted so as to form a combination of upwardly and downwardly sloping arcs. In both embodiments, the lower surface of the heater body is shaped to form a reflector. The reflector for each ring consists of two portions, each substantially elliptically shaped so as to greatly reduce back reflections through the filament of the heat lamp.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an electric radiator. A heating body, made of a resistive element embedded in a light alloy unit, is housed in an enclosure. The enclosure and heating body are separated by stiffening elements to surround the heating body with an air space. Heat is controlled by cutting power to the heating body during a variable time interval.

Abstract: A multi-layer jacket with convection heating mechanism including a jacket having a pair of long sleeves and a front closeable opening. Also included is a heater coil adapted to produce heat upon the receipt of power. A convection fan is positioned adjacent the heat coil and is adapted to draw air from air inlet apertures of the jacket and further produce a heated air current upon the receipt of power. Further provided is a convection tube having a first end situated adjacent the heater coil opposite the convection fan for receiving the heated air current from the heater coil and convection fan. The convection tube is serpentinely situated throughout the jacket for distributing the heated air current throughout an interior of the jacket. Finally, a heater control mechanism is provided for allowing a user to control the amount of heat generated by the heater coil and the convection fan.

Abstract: A connecting board to be interposed between a base plate and a mounting board for bonding or joining them together is provided. A connecting board has a heating wire disposed inside a substrate thereof, a plurality of soft metal bodies which are easily deformable, and a first solder layer and a second solder layer formed on a first surface side protruded portion and a second surface side protruded portion of each of the soft metal bodies. By energizing the heating wire and melting the first and second solder layers, the connecting board can be bonded on a first surface side of the substrate to the base plate and on a second surface side of the substrate to the mounting board all at once. By energizing the heating wire, the base plate and/or mounting board can be separated from the connecting board with ease.

Abstract: A compact immersion heater, for aquariums, includes: a watertight tubular container (2); an electric heating component (4); an adjustable thermostat (3); an electric circuit (6, 7, 8, 9) for connecting the heating component, arranged in series to the thermostat, to an external electric power source. The heating component is mounted in a radially offset and longitudinally superimposed position with respect to the thermostat and is accommodated in a torus-like gap formed between the thermostat and the inside surface of the container. The heating component is a resistive component having a laminar structure formed by a layer (16) of an electrically resistive material that is anchored to an electrically insulating and heat-resistant flexible laminar support (15). The layer of resistive material is a PTC ink that is printed onto the support in selected regions (17) that are connected to paths that conduct the electric power supply, directly face the sensitive part of the thermostat, and are adjacent to it.

Abstract: In a radiant heating apparatus, at least an outer radiant heating unit and an inner radiant heating unit located inside the outer radiant heating unit are disposed. A peripheral portion of an article to be treated is mainly heated by the outer radiant heating unit, while a central portion of the article is mainly heated by the internal radiant heating unit. A partition wall is disposed between the outer and inner radiant heating units. Radiation light emitted by each radiant heating unit is reflected by the partition wall so that the radiation light is separated from that emitted by the other radiant heating unit, whereby an area is defined in which the article is heated by each radiant heating unit. Accordingly, a larger article, particularly a substrate-shaped article, can be heated uniformly.

Abstract: A new Snow Melting Mat System for melting snow and ice near a walking path thereby preventing slipping of individuals. The inventive device includes a mat having a plurality of drain slots, a tube projecting within the mat, a pump connected to both ends of the tube for circulating heated oil, and a heating coil surrounding a portion of the tube for heating the oil within the tube during circulation.

Abstract: A honeycomb heater includes a honeycomb structure made of an electroconductive material having slits for resistance adjustment and electrodes fitted thereto for electrification thereof. The slits are formed in the honeycomb structure in such a manner that parallel electric circuits are formed in the honeycomb structure upon electrification of the structure. This honeycomb heater with slits has a low resistance and excellent durability to repeated electrification, and is suitable for use with a battery.

Abstract: Disclosed is an improved electric heater assembly suitable for heating molten metal, the electric heater assembly having a sleeve comprised of a closed end suitable for immersing in the molten metal. The sleeve is fabricated from a composite material comprised of titanium alloy and having an outside surface to be exposed to the molten metal coated with a refractory resistant to attack by the molten metal; and an electric heater located in the sleeve in heat transfer relationship therewith.

Abstract: An improved electric heater assembly suitable for heating molten metal, the electric heater assembly having a tube comprised of a closed end suitable for immersing in the molten metal. The tube is fabricated from a composite material comprised of a metal having a coefficient of thermal expansion of less than 10.times.10.sup.-6 in/in/.degree. F. and having an outside surface to be exposed to the molten metal coated with a refractory resistant to attack by the molten metal; and an electric heater located in the tube in heat transfer relationship therewith.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an electric immersion heater utilized in heating liquids contained in a cylindrical container, such as a boiler. The immersion heater is affixed to the side of the container with the heater elements extending through the side of the container through an access hole. The heater elements are contoured so as to allow more than one heater to be installed at a given level through the side of the container.

Abstract: A tubular electrical element lying substantially in a plane is fixed under a heater plate of an electrical appliance. The ends of the element are connected to a thermal limiter disposed near the middle of the element to measure at least the temperature of the element and to disconnect the electrical power supply from the element if the measured temperature exceeds a predetermined value. A portion of the element extends substantially along the peripheral contour of the plate and the ends of the element extend towards the middle of the element.

Abstract: A new Heated Windshield Wiper Blade Assembly for preventing the build up of ice and snow accumulation thereon which can impair the effectiveness of the windshield wiper blades in clearing the windshield of cold weather precipitation. The inventive device includes an external heating coil attached to a windshield wiper blade member by a plurality of heating coil securing pins and positioned next to the blade portion of the windshield wiper blade member. The vehicle's battery is electrically coupled to the external heating coil to heat the external heating coil. A heating coil activation switch in the interior of the vehicle allows a user to selectively energize the external heating coil.

Abstract: An infrared radiant heater for use in an infant warmer open care bed. The heater includes a curved reflector within a similarly shaped housing. Between the reflector and casing is at least one baffle made of a heat insulating material. The baffle divides the inside of the housing into a number of separate insulating air gaps. In order to ensure that heat is not conducted through the head, spacers protrude from the housing to support the baffles at their required positions maintaining heat insulating air gaps between the heater head components.

Abstract: An electric blanket using an AC to DC converter circuit either alone or in combination with a shield mesh that surrounds the heating wire to substantially reduce the electromagnetic field produced by the heating wire. The electric blanket has a heating element having a conductive wire and a shielding component, in which the conductive wire is placed between the shielding component to substantially encase the conductive wire. To discharge any build up of electrical charges, the shielding component is coupled to the ground. The electric blanket also has a control device for use with the alternating electrical current. The control device has a temperature control circuit that controls the current flow pursuant to the temperature setting. A converter device used in the electric blanket is electrically connected to the outputs of the control device.

Abstract: A device which will form a point at the end of a hair braid having a heating element with a v-shaped or a conically shaped void in the heating element. A hair braid is inserted into the void, and held until the hair is burned by the heating element to form a point in the end of the braid.

Abstract: A new Heated Golf Bag Apparatus for heating and drying of the interior of the bag and golfing equipment. The inventive device includes a golf bag having a hollow interior, a heater providing heat to the hollow interior of the bag when activated, a fan circulating air in the hollow interior of the golf bag, a plurality of hollow tubes adapted to accept golf clubs extending into the hollow interior of the golf bag, and a switch in each of the hollow tubes, each switch being able to activate the heater when a golf club is removed and then reinserted into one of the hollows tubes.

Abstract: Electrical resistance heating elements, hot water heaters containing such elements, and methods of preparing such elements are provided. The electrical resistance heating elements of this invention can be disposed through a wall of a tank for heating fluid, such as water. They include a skeletal support frame having a first supporting surface thereon. They also include a resistance wire wound onto the first supporting surface and preferably connected to at least a pair of terminal end portions. The support frame and resistance wire are then hermetically encapsulated and electrically insulated within a thermally-conductive polymeric coating. The skeletal support frame of this invention improves injection molding operations for encapsulating the resistance wire, and can include heat transfer fins for improving thermal conductivity.