Abstract: Embodiments of methods and laser-computer graphics systems for producing images such as portraits and 3-D sculptures formed from laser light created etch points inside an optically transparent material are disclosed. One or more embodiments of the invention comprise a method and system for simultaneously producing one or more etch points in first and second objects. In accordance with a method, a main beam is split into first and second beams, each beam having an energy level greater than that necessary to cause a breakdown in the material comprising the first and second objects. The first and second beams are directed at focal points within the first and second objects, generating etch points simultaneously therein. One or more embodiments of the invention comprise methods and systems for generating images in first and second objects. In one or more embodiments, the images are comprised of etch points having multiple gray shades and/or of etch points having iridescent qualities.

Abstract: An encoder having a code scale, an illumination system, and a plurality of photodetectors is disclosed. The code scale has a plurality of tracks that are illuminated by the illumination system. Each photodetector receives light from a corresponding one of the tracks and generates a signal indicative of a quantity of light received from that track. Each photodetector is limited to detecting light in a band of wavelengths corresponding to that track. Each track generates light in a band of wavelengths corresponding to that track, and the band of wavelengths corresponding to one of the tracks is different from the band of wavelengths corresponding to the tracks that are next to that track. The tracks can include alternating reflective and absorptive stripes, alternating transmissive and reflective stripes, or alternating luminescent and absorptive stripes.

Abstract: The invention relates to small dimension image recorders, such as an image recorder, comprising a matrix of rows and columns of photosensitive points, arranged on a chip of a generally square or rectangular form with believed corners, characterised in comprising a reading register arranged at the base of the matrix. The register is bent to follow the bevelled corners of the chip and thus comprises a horizontal piece and two oblique pieces. The sensor further comprises means (ZIn) to direct the photosensitive charges form the columns terminating opposite the beveled corners towards the stage of the reister situated in the oblique part along the beveled corners. The above is of application to intraoral dental radiological sensors.

Abstract: A signalling device comprising an emission module operative on the application of battery power from a battery pack for the emission of a signal from at least one electromagnetic radiation emitting element, a battery compartment and a cap for retaining said battery pack in said battery compartment. The cap comprises at least one sensor and a switch for controlling the application of battery power. The switch is actuated when the at least one sensor detects a change in the environment in the vicinity of the device. Alternatively, the switch can be actuated remotely through a wireless interface or via a trip wire.

Abstract: An optical output controller including a light source emitting light, a light receiving unit receiving some of the emitted light and converting the received light into a current signal, and an automatic power controlling unit receiving the current of the light receiving unit and controlling an optical power output of the light source in accordance with the received current, wherein the automatic power controlling unit includes a resistance circuit section having a variable resistor of which one end is connected to an output end of the light receiving unit, a resistor connected in parallel with the variable resistor, and a load resistor connected in series to the variable resistor and a node providing a predetermined voltage, and a comparison circuit section controlling a driving current of the light source by comparing an output current of the resistance circuit section with a predetermined signal.

Abstract: A multimode optical transmission system reduces a deterioration of a noise characteristic and a distortion characteristic caused by an interference between modes. In an optical transmitter, a signal output section outputs a predetermined signal based on an inputted electrical signal. A control section controls the signal output section so as to adjust a frequency component of the signal outputted by the signal output section based on group delay information of modes which propagate in a multimode optical transmission line. An electric-optic conversion section converts, into an optical signal, the signal outputted by the signal output section, and transmits the optical signal via the multimode optical transmission line.

Abstract: A system and a method for detecting defects in a light-management film are provided. The system includes a first light source configured to emit light onto a first side of the film in a first predetermined region of the film. The system further includes a second light source configured to emit light onto a second side of the film in the first predetermined region of the film. The system further includes a first camera configured to receive a first portion of light reflected from the first predetermined region of film from the first light source and a second portion of the light propagating through the film from the second light source. Finally, the system includes a signal-processing device openably coupled to the first camera configured to detect a defect in the first predetermined region of the film based on at least one of the first and second portions of light.

Abstract: A system and method for errant laser beam detection are provided for effectively detecting small coating failures in a cost effective and robust manner. In one embodiment, a detection system includes a continuity circuit on a printed circuit board (PCB) having metal (e.g., copper) traces which are designed to burn through if an errant beam strikes them. The traces are sized and patterned appropriately to sense a minimum subaperture size.

Abstract: An optical encoder comprises a sensor head including a light source and a photodetector and a scale that moves relative to the sensor head. The light emitted from the light source is reflected, transmitted or diffracted by the scale, and the reflected, transmitted or diffracted light is received by the photodetector to allow the sensor head to output a displacement signal. The sensor head includes a wiring substrate having electrodes formed thereon and on which the light source and photodetector are disposed at predetermined positions and a light transmitting material that covers the wiring substrate, light source, and photodetector. A side plane obtained by cutting the wiring substrate and light transmitting material at the same time in the direction substantially perpendicular to the light receiving surface of the photodetector serves as a reference position related to disposition of the components to be mounted on the wiring substrate.

Abstract: An apparatus is described for assessing plant status using biophysical and biochemical properties of the plant remotely sensed by the invention thereby allowing selective monitoring, elimination or treatment of individual plants. In a preferred embodiment, a single polychromatic emitter provides coincident light beams; one beam substantially in the visible portion of the spectrum (400 nm to 700 nm) and the other in the near infrared (NIR) portion of the spectrum (700 nm to 1100 nm). This light beam illuminates a small surface area on the ground, which may be bare ground, desired plants or undesired weeds. The beam of light may be focused, collimated or non-focused. A detector array, usually composed of a visible detector and a NIR detector, detects portions of this polychromatic light beam reflected by the surface area and provides a signal indicative of whether the detected light was reflected by a plant or by some non-plant object such as soil.

Abstract: A digital camera receives position information from GPS satellites for detecting camera position when capturing an image. Additional information, which is composed of the camera position, camera azimuth and focal distance of the taking lens, is added to image data of the captured image as tag and recorded in an image file. When the captured image is reproduced, the map image generated according to the additional information is displayed below the captured image, covering an area from the image capture point toward the subject in the captured image. Field view lines and map symbols indicating the subjects are displayed in the map image. Further, the map image includes the extension line which passes the map symbol and is extended to the subject in the captured image for showing the correspondence between the map symbol and the subject.

Abstract: An outside rear-view mirror for a vehicle, which is designed to support an image-detector device is disclosed. The assembly comprises a casing with a reflector fastening device and a detector fastening device configured to mount either a first reflector installed over the detector fastening device, hiding them, or a second reflector, smaller than the first one, leaving the detector fastening device clear and available for the installation of the image detector device in operating conditions.

Abstract: A solid state imaging device is constituted of an image sensor chip, a circuit board, and an electromagnetic-wave absorber formed of copper. The image sensor chip is constituted of a bare chip, a spacer, and a cover glass. First contact terminals are formed on the bare chip, and second contact terminals and GND wires are formed on the circuit board. When manufacturing, the image sensor chip is mounted at a predetermined position on the circuit board, and the first contact terminals and the second contact terminals are connected with bonding wires. The electromagnetic-wave absorber is formed to cover the bonding wires, while its end contacts to the GND wires.

Abstract: An optically controlled mechanical device actuated by electrostatic forces. The device includes electrostatic plates disposed on opposing portions of the device to accumulate charge; conductors to conduct charge to the electrostatic plates from a bias supply; and a photoelectric element having a photoresistive element arranged to affect a quantity of charge reaching the electrostatic plates from the bias supply. The device is caused to actuate to one position when the photoresistive element is exposed to a first level of illumination, and to a another position when the photoresistive element is exposed to a different second level of illumination.

Abstract: The invention relates to a detection device, comprising a parabolic mirror (1) and several radiation detectors (2-5). The detectors are placed in the focal plane (O, X?-X, Y?-Y) of the mirror with respective spacings in a common fixed direction (Y?-Y). The detection device further comprises a selector system, connected to each of the detectors (2-5), embodied to successively select each of the detectors and to transmit a received signal from the selected detector. The separations of the detectors (d2-d5) are selected such that a gain diagram, for the reception of said device, has a gain minimum, between two successive gain maxima, each corresponding respectively to one of the detectors, of less than 3.0 dB less than said gain maxima. Such a device permits a sweeping of a zone with several adjacent sub-sweeps from a machine overflying said zone.

Abstract: A combination socket and photosensor for measuring and adjusting intensity of a lamp in the socket of the combination socket and photosensor. A socket receives and electrically communicates with the lamp. A photosensor is operatively connected to the socket and measures the intensity of the lamp. A controller electrically communicates with the lamp and the photosensor and contains a feed back loop. The feed back loop electrically communicates with the photosensor and the lamp and compares the intensity of the lamp to a predetermined value and adjusts the intensity of the lamp accordingly.

Abstract: A pixel cell allows both correlated double sampling (CDS) and automatic light control (ALC) operations through a non-destructive, parallel readout. An image sensor may include an array of pixel cells, some or all of which include a photosensor with two readout circuits attached; peripheral circuitry can sample charges generated from the photosensor through one readout circuit, then perform array readout through the other. One readout circuit connected to the photosensor provides a non-destructive readout of the generated charge. The other readout circuit can, for example, be a multiple-transistor circuit that transfers charge from the photosensor to a floating diffusion node for readout. The image sensor's readout circuitry may thus monitor the light reaching the photosensor of the cell to determine when to read out signals from the entire array.

Abstract: Apparatus and method for creating 3D imagery of an object using calibration means to transfer data to a reference frame and visibility analysis to determine and resolve occlusion.

Abstract: In one embodiment, the disclosure relates to a method for determining illumination parameters for a sample, the method may include obtaining an absorption band of the sample; obtaining an emission band of the sample and determining the illumination parameters for the sample as a function of the absorption band and the emission band of the sample.

Abstract: The invention provides a display device, a driving method thereof, and an element substrate that a high image quality can be realized and a deterioration of a light emitting element can be improved. The invention includes a plurality of pixels arranged in matrix. Each of the plurality of pixels includes a light emitting element, a transistor, and an alternate current driving bypass element. The light emitting element and the transistor are connected in series and the alternate current driving bypass element and the transistor are connected in parallel.