Abstract: One embodiment of the present invention provides a system that expands a symbolic representation of a data item into a locale-specific textual representation of the data item. The system operates by first receiving a locale-independent symbolic representation of the data item. Next, the system obtains a locale attribute that identifies a version of a language that is spoken in a locale, and then expands this symbolic representation of the data item into the locale-specific textual representation of the data item.

Abstract: A table version of a document is generated by computing a table layout of the document and generating the table version based on the table layout. Computing the table layout can include recording the positions of each object in the document while recording the position of text by recording the position of each line, dividing the document into sections, and grouping the sections based on their object content while compensating for overlapping objects. Generating the table version of the document from the table layout can include creating table code that represents information in the table layout of the document. The table version of the document can be used to export the document to one or more computers in a distributed network while maintaining the visual fidelity and text content of the original document.

Abstract: One embodiment of the present invention provides a system for generating speech output from a text string. During operation, the system first receives the text string and then examines the text string to locate one or more substrings within the text string that are found in a speech library. Next, the system looks up speech files associated with the one or more substrings in the speech library. The system then concatenates these speech files to produce a speech output for a user.

Abstract: The invention significantly improves operability by automatically discriminating a plurality of image orientations, which are not assured of always being fed in common orientations, and reduces possible burdens to operators by eliminating efforts required to arrange the images in a common orientation before feeding or to correct each orientations into a common orientation after feeding. The invention improves the operability also by enabling modes in which orientation discrimination as well as tilt corrections can be performed before operator's instructions, if the Auto mode has been specified for the orientation recognition function. The invention also improves accuracy of processing by determining whether orientations or tilt recognition is proper and providing the result to the operators.

Abstract: A plurality of uniform resource locators are automatically notified from a local side computer to one or more remote side computers in a predetermined sequence and at predetermined intervals, and the browser of each of the remote side computers displays the corresponding web pages.

Abstract: A method for simplifying the development, testing and maintenance of code objects that may be used, for example, to generate custom web page content. According to the invention, a developer isolates a given task, generates code for the task, and then provides a means by which a page-generating Java servlet can access that code at request time. The code may be generated at any time, and the servlet preferably is generated at translation time, i.e. when a request for the page is first made at a server. In a preferred embodiment, the code for the task is supported within a given method of a Java tagbean.

Abstract: Methods for prioritizing documents, such as email messages, is disclosed. In one embodiment, a computer-implemented method first receives a document. The method assigns a measure of priority to the document, by employing a text classifier such as a Bayesian classifier or a support-vector machine classifier. The method then outputs the priority. In one embodiment, the method includes alerting the user about a document, such as an email message, based on the expected loss associated with delays expected in reviewing the document as compared to the expected cost of distraction and transmission incurred with alerting the user about the document.

Abstract: A method and system for checking the validity of a sequence of input characters according to the syntactical rules of a selected language is provided. If an input character may not begin a valid sequence of characters, or if the input character may not be appended to a previously input sequence of characters according to the rules of the selected language, the newly input character may be prohibited from being displayed singularly or appended to the previous sequence and displayed on the user's computer. Previously input character sequences may be edited by determining the sequence validity context of previously input sequences of characters.

Abstract: A method for serving a web page uses eXtensible Markup Language (XML) server pages. The first time a page is accessed, a given flat file is parsed into an XML Document Object Model (DOM), and required tag libraries are loaded. The DOM tree is then traversed, preferably in a depth-first, inside-out manner to locate custom tags. Upon locating a custom tag, if the tag is registered as a Java object, the object is loaded. A process method is then called on the object, passing the custom tag's tree node. The Java object then examines the custom tag and replaces it with an object, e.g., script code. Alternatively, if the tag is registered as an XSL stylesheet, the stylesheet is loaded and passed, together with the DOM, to an XSL processor. The processor applies the template to the custom tag and replaces it with given script code. Once all custom tags are reduced to HTML and script code, the DOM is compiled into a Java servlet to service the client request.

Abstract: A document editing processing apparatus which enables formulation of a hybrid multimedia document containing e.g., an image readily and speedily. Each time a character is input, dictionary retrieval is performed with e.g., an undefined character as a retrieving condition, at the same time as a filename of a multimedia information file is retrieved. The results obtained on dictionary retrieval and the results obtained on file searching are demonstrated on a menu as conversion candidates. Alternatively, a multimedia dictionary is retrieved, using a multimedia dictionary in which the multimedia information has been registered in association with the reading, with the retrieved results being conversion candidates. Still alternatively, dictionary retrieval is executed, with e.g., an undefined character as a retrieving condition, using a word dictionary having the reading associated with multimedia information identifiers. This enables formulation of a hybrid multimedia document containing e.g.

Abstract: A system for retrieving information from a document. The system includes a document model representative of the document having a plurality of data structures representative of components within the document and a thumbnail image registered with the document model. The registration is accomplished by mapping selected coordinates within the thumbnail image to a data structure selected from the plurality of data structures. In this manner, a user can interact with the thumbnail image coordinates to retrieve data from the document as a function of the components mapped to those coordinates. In a further embodiment of the invention, the retrieved information may be streamed to a word-at-a-time display. This is particularly useful when used in connection with the display of low-resolution images on hand-held devices.

Abstract: A computer program product is provided as a network quality control system to perform an automatic validation of all the World Wide Web pages. The quality control system aims at improving the quality of the World Wide Web by promoting widely accepted uniform standards such as HTML, and further by generating web documents that are valid and compliant with the standards according to which they are published. The quality control system actively seeks malformed web pages and corrects them in conformity with their publication standards. The quality control system also automatically determines the most probable addresses of the persons in charge of maintaining the non-conformant web documents using a probabilistic approach, notifies these persons of the non-conformity of their documents, and forwards the corrected web documents to their attention.

Abstract: The present invention provides an ability to generate a different layout on the screen of a calendering program. The program generates customized time slots according to the start and end points of the appointments of the day. In addition to time slots covering appointments, empty time slots will be generated but will not appear on the screen if they overlap with an existing appointment. The elimination of unnecessary images for empty time slots which are in between appointments allows for a more efficient use of space on the display screen. In compressed view mode, empty one-hour time slots will be generated to the extent necessary to fill up the screen. If in non-compressed view mode, empty time slots of one-hour duration will be added to the layout from the beginning to the end of the day.

Abstract: In one aspect, the invention encompasses a method of information storage and retrieval. A first communication is stored as data in a database with an identifier code. At least a portion of the data corresponding to the first communication is sent to a printer which prints a portion of the first communication together with the identifier code on a substrate. The first communication printed on the substrate is changed to form a second communication which is different from the first communication. The second communication is scanned with a scanning machine which digitizes the second communication and also digitizes the identifier code that had been printed on the substrate. Information is extracted from the digitized identifier code with a processor. The processor is in data communication with the database and is configured to utilize the extracted information to retrieve the first communication from the database.

Abstract: Broad XML support is obtained through use of a set of streaming parser APIs. An application or client needing access to an XML document can contact an XML parser, XML processor, or XML reader in order to gain access to the document. The XML processor selects and instantiates a streaming parser API that is appropriate for the XML document and the client or application. Streaming parser APIs include raw streaming parser APIs, non-validating streaming parser APIs, and validating streaming parser APIs. The XML parser can then provide a variety of types of access to the application or client that does not require the entire document to be read into memory, including providing an XML stream, pulling XML information, and skipping unwanted XML from the document.

Abstract: A wrapper builder application provides a variety of features for facilitating the creation of wrappers that are used to extract information from Web sites. In one aspect, the wrapper builder application provides a tool with which the process of creating a wrapper, which typically resembles coding, can be accomplished by a graphical design process involving drag and drop operations, clicking on objects, and filling in forms. A web viewer component provides a web browser frame, a source code frame, and a tree view frame, enabling the user to identify semistructured information of interest on Web sites. A wrapper editor component provides a graphical design environment in which a wrapper can be graphically constructed from operations and links. A wrapper model component provides a functioning internal representation of the graphically designed wrapper using Java objects and methods.

Abstract: A method and apparatus in a data processing system for converting documents. Source elements and corresponding target elements are identified. An initial target document derived from a source document is presented using the source elements and corresponding target elements. User input is received modifying presentation of the initial target document to form a final target document. Differences between the initial target document and the final target document are identified. A stylesheet is created to convert source documents into target documents using the identified source elements and corresponding target elements and the identified differences between the initial target document and the final target document.

Abstract: Different scripting languages may reside side-by-side or nested within each other on the same web page. Thus, a new author may add code to the page, and he or she is not tied to any given subset of languages supported by the web server. Multiple scripting languages are supported by identifying a start and an end of each scripting language code block authored into the web page markup language. When the web page is later compiled into an XML Document Object Model (DOM) tree, the routine examines the DOM to identify any nodes that identify a given code block. Upon encountering a node that identifies a given code block, the DOM is adjusted to account for the script code within the given code block.

Abstract: A method for processing a Document Object Model (DOM) tree to verify context between multiple related XML tags. One or more of these related XML tags are custom tags. According to the invention, contextual relationships between the related XML tags are verified using the DOM itself to indicate state. In a preferred embodiment, the inventive method begins during the processing of the DOM tree with a current element being processed replacing itself with a placeholder element. The placeholder element includes attributes indicating its state. If a clean-up element does not already exist for the element being processed, the current element creates a clean-up element and adds it to the DOM, for example, as a child node to the root position. When the clean-up element is later encountered, this element scans the entire DOM for all the related tags (now placeholders) of interest. The clean-up element loads the state information from each and processes the state information accordingly.

Abstract: A method and system for on-line proofing of documents, including the steps of sending by a client computer a document request to a document server computer, transmitting a proof document from the document server computer to the client computer in response to the document request, sending by the client computer an image data request to an image server computer, transmitting image data from the image server computer to the client computer in response to the image data request, and combining the image data with the proof document.