Abstract: Investigation of the activity of extracts of the clam Spisula polynyma has led to antitumor long-chain, straight-chain alkane or alkene compounds which have a 2-amino group and a 3-hydroxy group. The present invention is directed to compositions and methods comprising an isolated and purified long-chain, straight-chain 2-amino-3-hydroxyalkane, or prodrug thereof, and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, wherein the carbon chain in the long-chain, straight-chain 2-amino-3-hydroxyalkane is C16–C24.

Abstract: There is provided use of a cyclic compound or a pharmaceutically active salt thereof in the manufacture of a medicament to prevent and/or inhibit and/or arrest cell cycling, wherein the cyclic compound comprises at least one ring, wherein Group I and Group II, independently of each other, are attached to a ring of the cyclic compound; wherein Group I is a hydrocarbyl or an oxyhydrocarbyl group; and wherein Group II is a group of the formula X is P or S; when X is P, Y is ?O or S, Z is —OH and R is hydrocarbyl or H; when X is S, Y is ?O, Z is ?O, and R is hydrocarbyl or N(R1)(R2), wherein each of R1 and R2 is independently selected from H or a hydrocarbyl group.

Abstract: Methods of preventing or reducing hearing or balance loss and damage to ear cells in patients who have been exposed to toxic levels of noise are provided. These methods comprise administering an effective amount of a methionine protective agent, such as D-methionine, prior to, simultaneously with, or subsequently to exposure to noise. Combinations of these time periods can also be employed.

Abstract: The present invention relates to peptide-like compounds, e.g. aminocarboxylic acid amide derivatives, and to methods of using same in the field of general health care, for example, to improve resistance to stress, improve production of desired characteristics or useful products in animals, to increase weight gain, prevent diseases caused by pathogens, and to decrease feed efficiency. The invention has applications in the field of animal husbandry, and in treating or preventing weight loss associated with a disease in humans. It also relates to administering carbobenzoxy beta-alanyl taurine to improve feed efficiency in an animal, comprising administering to the animal an amount of carbobenzoxy beta-alanyl taurine sufficient to reduce the amount of food required to increase a unit of weight in the animal.

Abstract: Remedies for spinocerebellar degeneration or compositions for treating the same which contain as the active ingredient one or more members selected from among D-cycloserine, D-serine esters, D-serine and salts thereof. A method for treating spincerebellar degeneration which comprises administering to a patient with this disease in an efficacious dose of one or more members selected from among D-cycloserine, D-serine esters, D-serine and salts thereof.

Abstract: Methods for the prophylaxis, treatment, or management of irritable bowel syndrome using (?) norcisapride, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, substantially free of its (+) stereoisomer are disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods for preventing the development of epithelial ovarian cancer by administering a Vitamin D compound in an amount capable of increasing apoptosis in non-neoplastic ovarian epithelial cells of the female subject.

Abstract: The c-Myc oncoprotein, a helix-loop-helix-leucine zipper (HLH-ZIP) transcription factor, is frequently deregulated in human cancers. All known functions of c-Myc, including those pertaining to transformation, require that it heterodimerize with another HLH-ZIP protein, Max. Using a high throughput yeast-based assay, we identified seven low molecular weight substances that inhibit c-Myc-Max association. Each compound also prevented this interaction in vitro and inhibited the growth of c-Myc-expressing fibroblasts, although not of fibroblasts lacking c-Myc. Finally, short-term exposure of c-Myc over expressing fibroblasts to several of the compounds markedly reduced their in vivo tumorigenicity. These studies suggest that yeast-based assays can be used to identify inhibitors of protein-protein interactions and that these frequently function in mammalian cells. The signature specificities of each of the c-Myc-Max compounds identified here further suggest synergistic in vivo function.

Abstract: A method of inhibiting the growth of a Gram positive bacterium, the method comprising treating the bacterium with an effective amount of one or more furanones having the Formula as set out in the Figure, wherein the effective amount of the one or more furanones does not substantially adversely effect the survival of an animal cell when exposed to the one or more furanones

Abstract: The present invention relates to a novel combination of a soft steroid, in particular loteprednol, and at least one antihistamine, such as, for example, azelastine and/or levocabastine, for simultaneous, sequential or separate administration in the local treatment of allergies and airway disorders, for example of allergic rhinitis (rhinoconjunctivitis).

Abstract: Sesquiterpene epoxide compounds (trichothecenes) and methods for administering such compounds by inhalation for chemical debridement of cells in the lungs of COPD patients are disclosed.

Abstract: An appetite-stimulating agent and a therapeutic agent for anorexia, each comprising, as an active ingredient, a sulfonamide derivative or sulfonic acid ester derivative represented by the following general formula (I): wherein the ring A represents a monocyclic or bicyclic aromatic ring which may be substituted, the ring B represents a 6-membered unsaturated hydrocarbon ring or a 6-membered unsaturated heterocyclic ring containing one nitrogen atom as a heteroatom, each of which may be substituted, the ring C represents a 5-membered heterocyclic ring containing one or two nitrogen atoms, which may be substituted, W represents a single bond or —CH?CH—, X represents —N(R1)— or an oxygen atom, Y represents a carbon atom or a nitrogen atom, Z represents —N(R2)— or a nitrogen atom, and R1 and R2 may be identical or different and each represents a hydrogen atom or a lower alkyl group, or a pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof, or a hydrate thereof.

Abstract: This invention provides a method for increasing apoptosis in tumor cells and a method of decreasing a size of a tumor, said methods comprising contacting the tumor cells with: a) an effective amount of at least one antitumor chemotherapeutic agent and b) an effective amount of a ceramide, sequentially or concomitantly, wherein the apoptosis induced by the combination of the antitumor chemotherapeutic agent and the ceramide is greater than the apoptosis induced by contact of the tumor cells with either the antitumor chemotherapeutic agent alone or the ceramide alone. This invention also provides a method of treating cancer in a subject which comprises a method according to either of the above-described methods. This invention provides a method for treating cancer in a subject comprising administering to the subject an effective amount of at least one antitumor chemotherapeutic agent and an effective amount of at least one ceramide, sequentially or concomitantly.

Abstract: Agents and methods for chemoprevention and treatment of neoplasia are described, the agents including a selective inhibitor of inducible nitric oxide synthase and a combination of a selective inhibitor of inducible nitric oxide synthase and an inhibitor of cylcooxygenase-2 in a pharmaceutical composition. The agents and methods are used for chemoprevention and treatment of neoplasia including colorectal cancer and other cancers affecting epithelial cells throughout the body. The agents can also be used to treat the fibrosis that occurs with radiation therapy, as well as adenomatous polyps, including those with familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP).

Abstract: The therapeutic use of temporary p53 inhibitors in the treatment of p53-mediated diseases, conditions, and injuries is disclosed.

Abstract: Sesquiterpene epoxide compounds (trichothecenes) and methods for administering such compounds by inhalation to inhibit inflammatory responses in the respiratory tract are disclosed.

Abstract: The therapeutic use of temporary p53 inhibitors in the treatment of p53-mediated diseases, conditions, and injuries is disclosed.

Abstract: Carcinoma is treated in a patient by administration of Rhodamine-123 (Rh-123) orally or by intravenous injection of a treatment solution of Rh-123, ethyl alcohol, dextrose, and water in an amount sufficient to effect in vivo destruction of cancer cells. The treatment solution is made by mixing a stock solution of Rh-123 in a solution of 95% ethyl alcohol and 5% water (by volume) with a solution of 5% (by weight) dextrose in water. For prostate cancer, treatment is controlled by measuring the level of prostate specific antigen (PSA), or prostate specific acid phosphatase in the blood of the patient.

Abstract: A food product containing an effective amount of an active agent which is hydroxymatairesinol, a geometric isomer or stereoisomer thereof, or an acceptable salt thereof, or a mixture thereof, where the food product is selected from the group consisting of a nutritional supplement and a nutrient. The food product can increase the level of enterolactone or another metabolite of hydroxymatairesinol in a person's serum thereby causing prevention of a cancer or a certain non-cancer, hormone dependent disease in a person, based on the administration of hydroxymatairesinol to the person.

Abstract: A method for treating Type II diabetes by administering to an affected individual a combination of chromic tripicolinate and biotin. The two compounds are administered orally or parenterally at in daily dosages which provide between 50 and 1,000 ?g of chromium and between 25 ?g and 200 mg biotin, the amounts of chromium and biotin being selected together to provide a greater than additive effect.