Abstract: An optical system for deflecting an image by decentering a portion of a photographic lens in a direction perpendicular to an optical axis, wherein the decentering aberrations produced by the decentering are reduced.

Abstract: A light-weight zoom lens system manufacturable at a low cost comprising, in the order from the object side, a first lens unit having positive refractive power, a second lens unit having negative refractive power, a third lens unit having positive refractive power and a fourth lens unit having positive refractive power, and adapted in such a manner that said first lens unit and said fourth lens unit are fixed at the zooming time, whereas said second lens unit and said third lens unit are shifted along the optical axis while varying the airspace reserved therebetween. Said second lens unit comprises one or two lens elements and said third lens unit comprises a single lens element, whereby said zoom lens system comprises a small number of lens elements.

Abstract: A Hand-held collapsible magnifying lens assembly comprising a plurality of elongated flat magnifying lens segments. Each of the segments is mounted on a common pivot for arcuate rotation. A connecting means is provided for limiting the arcuate rotation of each of the segments. Each of the segments being contoured to provide a more or less continuous viewing area absent overlaping of the segments when the lens assembly is brough to an expanded configuration. This lens assembly may be provided with an aligning means for bringing the segments into a more or less straight alignment.

Abstract: A compact, large-aperture objective lens for the optical memory designed as a single-element lens having aspherical surfaces on both the sides thereof and favorably corrected aberrations, and an imaging optical system having a simple composition consisting of a collimator lens designed as a single-element lens having spherical surfaces and an objective lens movable along the optical axis, and so adapted as to allow very little degradation of performance when the objective lens is shifted.

Abstract: A rear conversion lens which is to be mounted between a main lens and a predetermined image plane for attaining a larger resultant focal distance than a focal distance of the main lens basically comprises, in the order taken from an object, a first lens unit having a positive refractive power and a second lens unit having a negative refractive power, and has a negative refractive power as a whole.The structure meets the following conditional formulas.0.5<f.sub.1 /.vertline.f.sub.RCL .vertline.<0.6, f.sub.RCL <0 (1)1.2<r.sub.2 /r.sub.3 <1.4 (2)where f.sub.RCL is a focal distance of the rear conversion lens, f.sub.1 is a focal distance of the first lens unit, r.sub.2 is a radius of curvature of the first lens unit facing an image, and r.sub.3 is a radius of curvature of the second lens unit facing an object.

Abstract: A composite gradient index and curved surface anamorphic lens has a gradient index of refraction and at least one curved surface. Combinations of planar and radial gradients with spherical and cylindrical surfaces are described. A corrector for an light source whose beam divergences are different in orthogonal planes using such a lens and a light beam scanning mechanism are disclosed. In the light beam scanning system, a homogeneous toroidal lens is replaced by a toroidal equivalent gradient-index lens, hereafter referred to as a TEGIL. The lens reduces undesirable displacement of the focus light beam from a scan line on a receptor plane and from the receptor plane itself. The TEGIL comprises a body of gradient-index material having cylindrical faces for generating optical power in a first dimension and whose gradient-index generates optical power in an orthogonal dimension.

Abstract: In the present invention a wide angle safety lens has two major surfaces, each of which is a structured surface. The first major surface has a plurality of parallel linear prisms forming a Fresnel lens that acts like a cylindrical lens having a first negative focal length. The second major surface has a plurality of parallel linear prisms running perpendicular to the prisms of the first major surface and forming a Fresnel lens that acts like a cylindrical lens having a second negative focal length.

Abstract: A zoom lens is composed of, as counted from the object side of the lens, a first lens unit or group having a positive refractive power, a second lens unit or group having a negative refractive power, a third lens unit or group having a positive refractive power, a fourth lens unit or group having a negative refractive power and a fifth lens unit or group having a positive refractive power. Assuming that, when varying the magnifying power of the lens from a wide angle end to a telephoto end, an air space between an i-th lens unit and an i+l-th lens unit varies to a degree .DELTA.Di, the i-th lens unit has a focal length fi, the focal length of the whole lens system as obtained at the telephoto end is FT, and a space between the first and second lens units varies to a degree .DELTA.E1 between the wide angle end and the telephoto end, the zoom lens is arranged to satisfy the following conditions:.DELTA.D1>0.DELTA.D2<0.DELTA.D3>0.DELTA.D4<00.046<.vertline.f2/FT.vertline.<0.0930.22<.vertline.

Abstract: A collimating optical system for collimating a diverging light beam through a spherical lens meets the following relation: ##EQU1## where n is refractive index of the lens, f is a focal distance, NA is the numerical aperture, and lopt is a spacing between an origin point of the diversing light beam and an end surface of the spherical lens.In accordance with another aspect of the present invention, a collimating optical system for collimating the diverging light beam has a plane-parallel plate and a spherical lens arranged in this order following to an origin point of the diverging light beam and meets the following relation. ##EQU2## where n is a refractive index of the spherical lens, f is a focal distance, NA is the numerical aperture, nt is a refractive index of the plane-parallel plate, t is a thickness thereof, and lopt is a spacing between the origin point of diverging light beam and an end surface of the spherical lens.

Abstract: In the photographic optical system comprised of a plurality of lenses and having a filter in between the lenses, a light beam emerging from a lens on the object side of the filter is arranged to diverge to prevent the light reflected from a solid state image pickup element on a predetermined image plane from being reflected again by the filter to re-focus on the predetermined image plane.

Abstract: An optical rotary switch is used in combination with an optically activated relay for causing make before break contacts between paired sets of relays including photoemitting and photoreceiving portions. The rotary switch comprises a switch base with an assembly rotatably mounted thereon for optically coupling the paired sets of relays including photoreceiving and photoemitting portions of the switch. A first optical exciter port and a first optical indicator port constitute a first relay and are disposed on the base for communication of optical signals. A second optical exciter port and a second optical indicator port constitute a second relay are also disposed on the base, angularly separated from the first optical exciter and first indicator port by a preselected angular interval.

Abstract: Replica lens having a transparent lens body comprising one or more correction layers of a synthetic resin as well as a bonding layer of a synthetic resin with which the lens body is bonded to one or more auxiliary means or optical components, as well as a method of manufacturing the replica lens.

Abstract: An adjustable liquid lens or mirror has a chamber delimited by a flexible membrane surface, which flexible membrane is supported in tension between a pair of resilient rings. A first fluid medium fills the chamber which, in the case of a lens, has a different refractive index from that of a second fluid medium contacting the other side of the flexible membrane. An annular support member for the flexible membrane comprises relatively movable first and second component parts, the first and second component parts of the support member being adjustably linked in a fluid-tight manner whereby the volume of the chamber is adjustable by moving one component part of the support member relative to the other in such wise as to vary the pressure in the first fluid medium and thereby to alter the shape of the said membrane surface.

Abstract: A zoom lens system capable of wide-angle viewing for a high zoom ratio has four lens groupss, all of which change the focal length of the overall system while the position of the image plane is held constant. The second lens group comprises a negative lens element having a concave surface of large curvature on the image side, a biconcave negative lens element that is cemented to a positive lens element to provide a cemented surface that has a large curvature and which is convex toward the object, and a negative lens element whose surface on the object side has a large curvature and is concave toward the object.

Abstract: A rotating cylindrical or prismatic reflective body (28, . . . 428) is used as a beam splitter in a laser system in which an outgoing pulsed high-energy beam (12) and a low-energy return beam (30) from a target follow coincident optical paths. During one portion of rotation of its rotation cycle, the reflective surface (42, . . . 442) is removed from the optical path to permit passage of the high-energy laser pulse past a bypass surface (44, . . . 444). During a second portion of its rotation cycle, the body reflects the target return beam to a sensor (34).

Abstract: A zoom lens system comprising a first lens group having positive refractive power and a second lens group having negative refractive power, and so adapted as to perform zooming from the wide position to the teleposition by narrowing the airspace reserved between the two lens groups. In said zoom lens system, at least one graded refractive index lens component is arranged in the second lens group, or at least one graded refractive index lens component is arranged in the first lens group and at least one aspherical surface is adopted in the second lens group.

Abstract: An apparatus for projecting a pattern on a first plane onto a second plane comprises a projection lens system disposed between the first plane and the second plane and including a plurality of lens elements disposed at intervals, a plurality of spaces defined by the plurality of lens elements being formed, and means for isolating at least one of the plurality of spaces from the atmosphere. The at least one space is determined so that the variation in magnification of the projection lens system when the pressure in the at least one space varies with the atmospheric pressure is substantially equal to the variation in magnification of the projection lens system when all of the pressure in the space formed between the first plane and the projection lens system, the pressures in the plurality of spaces of the projection lens system and the pressure in the space formed between the projection lens system and the second plane vary with the atmospheric pressure.

Abstract: A graphic surface display device comprises a graphic surface be displayed and a cover of substantially transparent material overlying and in optical contact with the graphic surface. The cover has a minutely textured outer surface such that the angle between a first vector normal to a randomly selected point on the cover's surface; and, a second vector which passes through the selected point and which is normal to a plane tangential to the graphic surface at the point of intersection of the second vector with the graphic surface; has substantially unity probability of exceeding 45.degree..

Abstract: A telecentric f.theta. lens system for use in a laser COM comprising, from the object field side, a first lens unit including at least one negative lens component for generating a large negative distortion, a second lens unit consisting of one or two positive lens components for compensating spherical aberration and astigmatism generated by the first lens unit, a third lens unit including at least one positive lens component for providing a telecentric characteristic and a fourth lens unit including three or four lens components for providing a small F number.

Abstract: Optical system for use with attachments for a conventional reflex motion picture camera to permit stereographic cinematography are disclosed. The optical systems include lens systems having four powered elements having negative, positive, negative, and positive focal lengths respectively. The lens systems are adapted to be used with the Bernier stereographic cinematography attachment system as modified for reflex motion cameras. The lens systems include a normal lens system, a wide angle lens system, and a telephoto lens system. The wide angle lens system further includes plane parallel refractive elements to increase its overall length without changing its back focal length, and the telephoto lens system is adapted to be used with internal displacement prisms which bring the images produced by the telephoto lens system into the camera flange opening.