Abstract: A magnetic sensor system includes a toothed wheel configured to rotate about a rotation axis that extends in an axial direction, wherein the toothed wheel includes a plurality of teeth and a plurality of notches arranged that define a circumferential perimeter, wherein the toothed wheel further includes an interior cavity arranged within the circumferential perimeter; a front-bias magnet arranged within the interior cavity of the toothed wheel, wherein the front-bias magnet is rotationally fixed and is magnetized with a magnetization direction that extends along a radial axis of the toothed wheel; and a magnetic sensor arranged exterior to the toothed wheel, wherein the magnetic sensor includes a sensor element arranged on the radial axis that coincides with the magnetization direction of the front-bias magnet and the first sensor element is sensitive to a magnetic field of the front-bias magnet that is aligned with the radial axis.

Abstract: A Hall effect sensor system includes a Hall effect sensor and a drive-sense circuit (DSC). The Hall effect sensor includes an input port to receive a DC (direct current) current signal and generates a Hall voltage based on exposure to a magnetic field. The DSC generates the DC current signal based on a reference signal and drives it via a single line that operably couples the DSC to the Hall effect sensor and simultaneously to sense the DC current signal via the single line. The DSC detects an effect on the DC current signal corresponding to the Hall voltage that is generated across the Hall effect sensor based on exposure of the Hall effect sensor to the magnetic field and generates a digital signal representative of the Hall voltage.

Abstract: A Hall effect sensor system includes a Hall effect sensor and a drive-sense circuit (DSC). The Hall effect sensor includes an input port to receive a DC (direct current) current signal and generates a Hall voltage based on exposure to a magnetic field. The DSC generates the DC current signal based on a reference signal and drives it via a single line that operably couples the DSC to the Hall effect sensor and simultaneously to sense the DC current signal via the single line. The DSC detects an effect on the DC current signal corresponding to the Hall voltage that is generated across the Hall effect sensor based on exposure of the Hall effect sensor to the magnetic field and generates a digital signal representative of the Hall voltage.

Abstract: Position sensing units, comprising a magnetic assembly (MA) having a width W measured along a first direction and a height H measured along a second direction and including at least three magnets having respective magnetic polarizations that define along the first direction at least a left MA domain, a middle MA domain and a right MA domain, wherein the magnetic polarizations of each MA domain are different, and a magnetic flux measuring device (MFMD) for measuring a magnetic flux B, wherein the MA moves relative to the MFMD along the first direction within a stroke L that fulfils 1 mm?L?100 mm, stroke L beginning at a first point x0 and ending at a final point xmax, and wherein a minimum value Dmin of an orthogonal distance D, measured along the second direction between a particular MA domain and the MFMD, fulfills L/Dmin>10.

Abstract: A Hall effect sensor system includes a Hall effect sensor and a drive-sense circuit (DSC). The Hall effect sensor includes an input port to receive a DC (direct current) current signal and generates a Hall voltage based on exposure to a magnetic field. The DSC generates the DC current signal based on a reference signal and drives it via a single line that operably couples the DSC to the Hall effect sensor and simultaneously to sense the DC current signal via the single line. The DSC detects an effect on the DC current signal corresponding to the Hall voltage that is generated across the Hall effect sensor based on exposure of the Hall effect sensor to the magnetic field and generates a digital signal representative of the Hall voltage.

Abstract: We use the AC Hall effect to characterize a magnetic field at an unknown frequency (or frequencies). The current to the Hall sensor is driven at a known frequency f. The output Hall voltage is characterized in a frequency range from f1 to f2 (with f<f1<f2 and f2?f1<2f). This provides a measurement of the magnetic field in a frequency range from f1?f to f2?f. The resulting measurement of magnetic field spectral components is phase-independent and requires no prior knowledge of exact magnetic field frequency.

Abstract: A magnetic linear position detector includes a stator and a mover that is movable along a first direction with respect to the stator. One of the stator and the mover includes a magnetic detector, and the other of the stator and the mover includes a magnet. The magnet has a first face facing the magnetic detector, and the first face is provided alternately with N poles and S poles along the first direction. The magnet includes a first region and a second region provided on each side of the first region along the first direction. In the first region, a length along a second direction perpendicular to the first face is constant. In the second region, a length along the second direction is different from the length in the first region.

Abstract: A detection system and a detection method for water content and conductivity are provided. The detection system includes a double-sided microstrip circuit and a detection circuit; the double-sided microstrip circuit includes a shielding ground layer; a measurement side circuit and a reference side circuit are respectively arranged at two sides of the shielding ground layer and both include an insulating layer and a wire; the detection circuit includes a signal generator connected to a microprocessor and a power divider; two output ends and a ground end of the power divider are respectively electrically connected to first ends of a reference wire, a measurement wire, and the shielding ground layer; a second end of the reference wire is connected to an amplitude and phase discriminator through a phase shifter; second ends of the measurement wire and the shielding ground layer are directly connected to the amplitude and phase discriminator.

Abstract: A sensor front-end is presented for processing a measurement signal from a sensing unit, wherein the sensing unit is configured to receive a stimulus signal from an evaluation unit of the sensor front-end, generate the measurement signal from the stimulus signal by altering an amplitude of the stimulus signal based on a measurement parameter, and provide the measurement signal to the evaluation unit. The sensor front-end comprises the evaluation unit that is configured to generate a simulated measurement signal from the stimulus signal by controlling an amplitude of the stimulus signal based on a predetermined control variable, to generate a simulated output signal based on the stimulus signal and the simulated measurement signal, and to determine an error condition based on a comparison of the simulated output signal and the predetermined control variable or a signal derived from the predetermined control variable.

Abstract: Improved magnetic resonance imaging systems, methods and software are described including a low field strength main magnet, a gradient coil assembly, an RF coil system, and a control system configured for the acquisition and processing of magnetic resonance imaging data from a patient while utilizing a sparse sampling imaging technique.

Abstract: Apparatus and associated methods relate to monitoring health of a system for sensing rotational frequency of a rotatable member. A plurality of magnetic speed probes, each of which is configured to sense the rotational frequency of the rotatable member, are arranged in transmissive proximity with one another. A transmitter-configured one of the plurality of magnetic speed probes includes a signal coupler that couples an electrical signal generated by a radio-frequency signal generator into the inductive coil of the transmitter-configured magnetic speed probe, thereby radiatively transmitting an electromagnetic signal. A speed-probe monitor electrically coupled to each of the plurality of magnetic speed probes determines, based on the coil current sensed by each of the plurality of magnetic speed probes in response to the electromagnetic signal radiatively transmitted, health of the system.

Abstract: A method for parking detection and identification of moveable apparatus, comprising following steps of: generating a magnetic field signal containing an unique identifier for identifying the moveable apparatus by a magnetic field generator disposed in the moveable apparatus; measuring magnetic field respectively by two magnetic field sensors of a magnetic field sensing apparatus disposed in a moveable-apparatus parking place or its peripheral area, wherein a first and a second magnetic field measurements are measured; and calculating a magnetic field measurement difference for obtaining the unique identifier, wherein the magnetic field measurement difference is a magnitude of a difference of the first and the second magnetic field measurements, or a magnitude of a difference of a first magnetic field component of the first magnetic field measurement along a characteristic direction and a second magnetic field component of the second magnetic field measurement along the characteristic direction.

Abstract: A method for determining a rotation angle of a magnet includes measuring a 3D magnetic field vector of a magnetic field generated by the magnet, wherein the 3D magnetic field vector describes at least a part of an ellipse in 3D space during a rotational movement of the magnet. The method further includes mapping the measured 3D magnetic field vector to a 2D vector based on a compensation mapping, wherein the compensation mapping is configured to map the ellipse in 3D space to a circle in 2D space. The method further includes determining the rotation angle of the magnet based on the 2D vector.

Abstract: A method for determining the position of a rotary element of a motor vehicle based on a position sensor configured to measure the position of the rotary element, to simultaneously generate a sine-type output signal and a cosine-type output signal reflecting the angular position of said rotary element as it rotates and to deliver these output signals to a control module of the vehicle, the method, implemented by the control module, including the steps of rotating the rotary element, receiving the output signals generated by the position sensor as the rotary element rotates, determining the average period of the output signals received within a predetermined time range, correcting both received output signals such that the period of each of the signals is equal to the determined average period, and determining the angular position of the rotary element based on the corrected output signals.

Abstract: A measurement arrangement includes a first soft magnetic element, a second soft magnetic element, a magnetic element which is mechanically coupled to the first soft magnetic element and is configured to produce a magnetic field, and a sensor arrangement for capturing the magnetic field, which sensor arrangement is arranged in such a manner that a relative movement between the first soft magnetic element and the sensor arrangement results in a change in the magnetic field at the location of the sensor arrangement. The sensor arrangement is configured to determine the change. The sensor arrangement and the magnetic element are arranged between the first soft magnetic element and the second soft magnetic element.

Abstract: An exemplary encoder assembly includes a substrate, a first encoder, and a second encoder. The substrate has two or more position sensors, each position sensor being configured for detecting a rotary position of a shaft or other rotating element of a machine. The first encoder includes at least one first position sensor of the two or more position sensors. The at least one first position sensor is disposed on the substrate for off-axis alignment with the shaft or other rotating element of the machine. The second encoder includes a second position sensor of the two or more position sensors, the second position sensor being disposed on the substrate for on-axis or off-axis alignment with the shaft or other rotating element of the machine. Each position sensor is configured to detect different or common signal types, and a signal type of the second position sensor excludes optical signals.

Abstract: A transmitter loop is carried by a first aircraft. A receiver sensor is carried by a second aircraft. The first aircraft and the second aircraft fly away from each other. The transmitter loop transmits a primary magnetic field. The transmitted primary magnetic field induces a current in the earth. The induced current generates a secondary magnetic field in the air. The receiver sensor receives the generated secondary magnetic field, and detects strength of the received secondary magnetic field.

Abstract: A device tests the function of an antenna system which includes antenna units each having an antenna and a resistor and is connected between an input of a selection unit and an output of a further selection unit. A computing unit provides a control signal for the two selection units at a first output. The control signal determines which input is connected to an output of the selection unit, and which of the outputs of a further selection unit is supplied with a bias voltage present at the input of the further selection unit, and to receive the antenna signal present at the output of the selection unit at an input of the computing unit. A diagnosis circuit is connected between the output of the selection unit and a diagnosis voltage terminal. The computing unit infers a fault in the antenna system from the comparison of antenna signals.

Abstract: A method of position estimation including: a signal detection step in which N (where N is an integer of 3 or more) sensors each detect a magnetic field which is in accordance with a position of a mover and output a detection signal as an electrical signal, the detection signals being displaced in phase by an angle obtained by dividing 360 degrees by N; a crossing detection step in which a crossing detection section sequentially detects a crossing at which each detection signal having been output through the signal detection step crosses another; a subdivision detection step in which a subdivision detection section detects a portion of the detection signal that connects from a crossing to another crossing which is adjacent to that crossing, as one or more subdivision signals; and a line segment joining step in which a line segment joining section sequentially joins the subdivision signals and estimates the position of the mover based on the plural subdivision signals having been joined, to generate an estimate

Abstract: A method of position estimation including: a signal detection step in which N (where N is an integer of 3 or more) sensors each detect a magnetic field which is in accordance with a position of a mover and output a detection signal as an electrical signal, the detection signals being displaced in phase by an angle obtained by dividing 360 degrees by N; a crossing detection step in which a crossing detection section sequentially detects a crossing at which each detection signal having been output through the signal detection step crosses another; a subdivision detection step in which a subdivision detection section detects a portion of the detection signal that connects from a crossing to another crossing which is adjacent to that crossing, as one or more subdivision signals; and a line segment joining step in which a line segment joining section sequentially joins the subdivision signals and estimates the position of the mover based on the plural subdivision signals having been joined, to generate an estimate