Abstract: Disclosed is a process for expressing a gene and producing a metabolic product formed by the gene by culturing a transformant microorganism carrying a recombinant DNA constructed of a DNA fragment having at least one gene to be expressed and a vector DNA, at least one of which is foreign to the host microorganism.

Abstract: The present invention provides novel ribosome binding sites useful in enhancing protein production in bacteria. Methods, genes, vectors, bacteria and useful intermediates employing the novel ribosome binding sites of the present invention are also provided. A novel site of interaction different from a Shine-Dalgarno sequence between the 16S ribosomal RNA and messenger RNA is also provided.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of Marek's Disease Virus Type I as a viral vector capable of expressing foreign genes in some poultry. Claimed are a nonessential insertion region on the DNA genome of the Virus; a plasmid comprising this region; a host cell containing the plasmid; and a vaccine comprising the recombinant virus.

Abstract: Methods of biological control of agricultural insect pests are disclosed. These methods utilize biological control agents which are genetically altered strains of root-colonizing strains of members of the species P. cepacia. These strains are genetically altered by introduction of genes encoding insect toxic crystal proteins, and are thereby rendered insect toxic. Genetically altered insect toxic bacterial strains are also provided.

Abstract: The invention relates to a plant-colonizing microorganism which has been genetically engineered to integrate into the chromosome of such microorganism, DNA derived from B. thuringiensis coding for protein toxin. The genetically engineered plant-colonizing microorganisms of the invention, and their progeny, proliferate in commensal or non-detrimental relationship with the plant in the plant environment and are insecticidally active against a subspecies of insect pest which are harmful to the plant. The invention further relates to insecticidal compositions containing such plant-colonizing microorganisms as the active insecticidal agent and to a method of using such genetically engineered plant-colonizing microorganisms in a method of killing or inhibiting insect pests.

Abstract: The present invention provides improved methods for manipulating recombinant DNA in gene cloning and expression. More specifically, the invention provides methods capable of altering a nucleic acid sequence present at the termini of a target sequence.

Abstract: Recombinant Baculovirus in which the cDNA encoding E protein derived from Japanese encephalitis virus is integrated into the genome region non-essential to proliferation of Baculovirus under control of the promoter is infected to insect cells such as Sf9 cells, derived from Spodoptera frugiperda and the infected cells are cultured to express E protein of Japanese encephalitis. This E protein is useful as vaccines or diagnostics.

Abstract: What is described is a modified recombinant virus for expressing a gene product in a host. The modified recombinant virus has host range genes deleted therefrom so that the virus has restricted replication in the host. The modified recombinant virus also contains DNA which codes for and expresses the gene product in the host even with restricted replication of the virus in the host. The modified recombinant virus is used in a method for expressing a gene product in a host or in a cell cultured in vitro, and in a vaccine for inducing an immunological response in a host inoculated with the vaccine. What is also described is a selection system for the cloning and expression of open reading frames in poxviruses, particularly vaccinia virus. The selection system is based on a conThis invention was made with Government support under contract DAMD17-85-C-5232 awarded by the Department of the Army. The Government has certain rights in this invention.

Abstract: A complete genomic clone of HIV-2 designated HIV-2.sub.SBL/ISY was cloned from DNA of the neoplastic human cell line HUT78 infected with the HIV-2.sub.SBL6669 viral isolate. The clone was sequenced and the sequence compared with those of known HIV-2 isolates. The invention is advantageous for it provides an animal model for the study of HIV infection in man.

Abstract: The invention provides a recombinant purified human protein in substantial quantities which has both adipsin and complement D activity. The invention also provides materials and methods to produce the protein. In addition, antibodies immunoreactive with this protein are useful to diagnose metabolic defects attributable to adipsin deficiency or complement D deficiency. The protein can be used to treat obesity caused by adipsin deficiency or to treat subjects for infection.

Abstract: The present invention provides a recombinant fusion protein comprising an antigenic amino acid sequence fused to at least a portion of the gpX glycoprotein from pseudorabies virus. Such a protein may be formulated into a vaccine and delivered to an animal using a live herpesvirus vector adapted to express the fusion protein.

Abstract: A screening method for the selection of mutagenized proteins that are normally secreted by cells is described. The method includes the development of a cloning vector for the expression of secretory proteins as fusion proteins on the cell surface of transfected mammalian cells. The secreted protein is displayed on the cell surface by fusion with the glycophospholipid membrane anchor of decay accelerating factor (DAF). Tissue-type plasminogen activator (t-PA), which is normally secreted, is used as a model protein. PCR mutagenesis is used to generate random mutations within the Kringle 1 (K1) domain of t-PA. Fluorescence activated cell sorting (FACS) is employed to screen for t-PA mutants possessing a loss of an epitope to a specific Mab, whose nonlinear binding domains overlap with the t-PA clearance receptor contact regions novel t-PA mutants designated N115S, N1425S, and K159R were discovered by this method.

Abstract: The present invention contemplates a method of physiologic engineering by genetically altering second messenger levels in cells. This method allows the hyperactivation or inhibition of cell function within cells, tissues and animals by introducing a foreign gene that alters a second messenger system. The use of physiologically engineered animals as systems for determining the effectiveness of therapeutic compositions is also contemplated.

Abstract: A process of mammalian gene therapy. Explanted fibroblasts are genetically modified by introducing a retroviral construct containing a nucleotide sequence encoding for a therapeutic substance. The genetically modified fibroblasts are implanted into a mammalian subject.

Abstract: Novel single-chain protease resistant urokinase derivatives are provided. In particular, derivatives are provided wherein the Lys.sub.135 Lys.sub.136 and Arg.sub.156 to Lys.sub.158 sites are rendered less susceptible to proteolytic cleavage are provided by occluding the sites or by covalently modifying them. Preferred covalent modifications are amino acid sequence variants at the sites where proteolysis of urokinase occurs. These are optimally produced by synthesis of single-chain urokinase mutants in recombinant cell culture. The novel urokinase derivatives herein offer the advantage of avoiding the generation of substantial two-chain urokinase, either in vivo or during recombinant cell culture. However, the derivatives continue function to activate plasminogen in initiating blood clot lysis.

Abstract: A process using microorganisms which contain genes, which form an active xylene monooxygenase, which form no effective, chromosomally or plasmid-coded alcohol hydrogenase, and which are, thus, capable of hydroxylating methyl groups on aromatic 5- or 6-atom heterocycles to the corresponding hydroxymethyl derivatives, for the production of hydroxymethylated 5- or 6-atom heterocycles.

Abstract: Compositions and methods are disclosed for expressing heterologous coding sequences in host cells. The compositions include infectious Sindbis virus RNA molecules containing at least one heterologous coding sequence inserted within the structural region of the Sindbis virus genome. RNA molecules consisting essentially of a Sindbis virus junction region are also provided. Methods utilizing the novel compositions of the present invention to express heterologous coding sequences in transformed host cells are provided. Methods for producing infectious Sindbis virus particles containing infectious Sindbis virus RNA molecules comprising at least one heterologous coding sequence are provided.This invention was made with government support under grant numbers AI24134, AI11377 and AG05681 awarded by the National Institutes of Health. The government has certain rights in the invention.

Abstract: Purified virus particles, antigens, antibodies reactive with viral antigens, and a viral genetic material associated with non-A, non-B hepatitis are provided by the present invention. Cloned genetic material useful both in identifying intact virus particles of the invention and for use in diagnostic techniques and/or production of antigens is also disclosed.

Abstract: DNA constructs that are useful for providing secretory expression of heterologous polypeptides in yeast comprising a DNA sequence that includes a Kluyveromyces .alpha.-factor leader sequence linked to the heterologous polypeptide by a yeast processing signal. Constructs employing the K. lactis .alpha.-factor leader and processing signal sequences, with and without spacer, linked to prochymosin are exemplified.

Abstract: Methods for isolating and identifying genetic elements that are capable of inhibiting gene function are disclosed, as well as genetic elements isolated or identified according to the method of the invention and host cells modified by genetic modification using genetic suppressor elements according to the invention.