Patents Examined by Richard Hanig
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Patent number: 7133180Abstract: This application describes devices and techniques for using microwave or RF resonators to provide DC bias, DC blocking, and impedance matching to microwave or RF devices. Both planar and non-planar implementations may be used.Type: GrantFiled: June 3, 2004Date of Patent: November 7, 2006Assignee: OEwaves, Inc.Inventors: Vladimir Ilchenko, Nikolai Morozov
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Patent number: 7126765Abstract: An objective for a microlithography projection system has at least one fluoride crystal lens. The effects of birefringence, which are detrimental to the image quality, are reduced if the lens axis of the crystal lens is oriented substantially perpendicular to the {100}-planes or {100}-equivalent crystallographic planes of the fluoride crystal. If two or more fluoride crystal lenses are used, they should have lens axes oriented in the (100)-, (111)-, or (110)-direction of the crystallographic structure, and they should be oriented at rotated positions relative to each other. The birefringence-related effects are further reduced by using groups of mutually rotated (100)-lenses in combination with groups of mutually rotated (111)- or (110)-lenses. A further improvement is also achieved by applying a compensation coating to at least one optical element of the objective.Type: GrantFiled: January 5, 2005Date of Patent: October 24, 2006Assignee: Carl Zeiss SMT AGInventors: Daniel Krähmer, Toralf Gruner, Wilhelm Ulrich, Birgit Enkisch, Michael Gerhard, Martin Brunotte, Christian Wagner, Winfried Kaiser, Manfred Maul, Christof Zaczek
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Patent number: 7126744Abstract: Apparatus and methods for removing jitter and stabilizing the feed back system of a torsional hinged device with minimal changes to the system. The stabilization is accomplished by introducing a selected amount of lateral motion (in addition to the rotational motion) by creating asymmetry in the oscillating device or the drive torque applied to the device.Type: GrantFiled: May 24, 2005Date of Patent: October 24, 2006Assignee: Texas Instruments IncorporatedInventors: Arthur Monroe Turner, Mark W. Heaton
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Patent number: 7106495Abstract: A substrate is provided with a light reflection film in which the heights of a plurality of convex portions or the depths of concave portions formed on a base material are specified to be substantially the same. The two-dimensional shapes of the plurality of convex portions or concave portions are specified to be the two-dimensional shapes of independent circles and polygons, or of either of them. In addition, the plurality of convex portions or concave portions are arranged in the direction of the plane on a random basis. The substrate is formed using a mask in which light transmission portions or light non-transmission portions are formed in units of dots, the number thereof being smaller than the number of dot regions. The dots are arranged irregularly in each of the units, and a plurality of units are included.Type: GrantFiled: June 19, 2002Date of Patent: September 12, 2006Assignee: Seiko Epson CorporationInventors: Toshihiro Otake, Mutsumi Matsuo, Tadashi Tsuyuki
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Patent number: 7099062Abstract: Electrochromic film with the general formula: ApBqOxXy wherein: —A is one or more of the elements from the group consisting of Ni, Ir, Cr, V, Mn, Fe, W, Mo, Ti, Co, Ce, Pr and Hf; —B is one or more of the elements from the group consisting of Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Nb, Al, Zr, Ta and Si; —O is oxygen; —X is an element from the group consisting of: H, F and N; and the ratio q/p is greater than 0.2 and less than 3.5, x is greater than 0.5 (p+q) and less than 5 (p+q), and y is equal to or greater than 0 and less than 2x. The film may further comprise an amount of Li, Na or K. The invention further relates to an electrochromic device comprising at least one layer of said electrochromic film.Type: GrantFiled: September 26, 2002Date of Patent: August 29, 2006Assignee: Forskarpatent I Uppsala ABInventors: Andris Azens, Claes-Göran Granqvist, Richard Karmhag, Jan Isidorsson, Esteban Damian Avendano Soto
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Patent number: 7088493Abstract: A light modulator comprises a mirror, a substrate provided with at least one electrode, and at least one hinge extending between the substrate and the mirror. The mirror is flexible with the hinge being displaceable for allowing for the displacement and/or the deformation of the mirror. Typically, there are two symmetrically disposed hinges, each including upper and lower arms that define an angle therebetween. The upper arm is connected to the mirror, and the lower arm is mounted to the substrate. The upper and lower arms are adapted to pivot relative to one another thereby allowing the angle to vary and thus allowing the mirror to at least one of displace and deform. When unbiased, the mirror may be plane, convex or concave. When biased, the plane mirror adopts a curved attitude, whereas the curved mirror changes its curvature. The upper and lower arms of each hinge are V-shaped and define an apex. The apexes extend inwardly in a facing relationship.Type: GrantFiled: April 15, 2004Date of Patent: August 8, 2006Assignee: Institut National D'OptiqueInventors: Christine Alain, Francis Picard, Hubert Jerominek
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Patent number: 7084409Abstract: An apparatus for measuring emission time delay during irradiation of targeted samples by utilizing digital signal processing to determine the emission phase shift caused by the sample is disclosed. The apparatus includes a source of electromagnetic radiation adapted to irradiate a target sample. A mechanism generates first and second digital input signals of known frequencies with a known phase relationship, and a device then converts the first and second digital input signals to analog sinusoidal signals. An element is provided to direct the first input signal to the electromagnetic radiation source to modulate the source by the frequency thereof to irradiate the target sample and generate a target sample emission. A device detects the target sample emission and produces a corresponding first output signal having a phase shift relative to the phase of the first input signal, the phase shift being caused by the irradiation time delay in the sample.Type: GrantFiled: August 22, 2000Date of Patent: August 1, 2006Assignee: PhotoSense, LLCInventor: J. D. Sheldon Danielson
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Patent number: 7081981Abstract: A thermally tuned filter comprising an optical tuning device and a pre-stressed membrane positioned on the optical tuning device. A tensile prestress of the pre-stressed membrane to increase a natural frequency of the thermally tuned filter.Type: GrantFiled: October 11, 2005Date of Patent: July 25, 2006Assignee: Intel CorporationInventors: Wenhua Ling, Marc Finot, Ralph B. Bettman
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Patent number: 7075693Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for modulating at least one pulse of electromagnetic radiation with a spatial light modulator. At least one mechanically movable modulator element is provided. At least one actuating element is provided capable to produce forces on said modulator element. An address signal to said at least one movable element is provided. A first amplifying signal is provided to at least one first electrode belonging to said at least one movable element shaping and timing said amplifying signal for creating a mechanical response in the modulator element representing a desired modulation state for said electromagnetic radiation pulse when impinging onto said modulator element.Type: GrantFiled: March 14, 2003Date of Patent: July 11, 2006Assignee: Micronic Laser Systems ABInventor: Ulric Ljungblad
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Patent number: 7061659Abstract: A thermally tuned filter having a pre-stressed membrane. The thermally tuned filter includes a handle layer, a dielectric layer positioned proximate to the handle layer, and a device layer positioned proximate to the handle layer. The device layer includes an optical device. A pre-stressed membrane is positioned proximate to the device layer; a tensile prestress of the pre-stressed membrane increases the natural frequency of the thermally tuned filter.Type: GrantFiled: March 31, 2004Date of Patent: June 13, 2006Assignee: Intel CorporationInventors: Wenhua Ling, Marc Finot, Ralph B. Bettman
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Patent number: 7057791Abstract: An optical isolator is disclosed for transmitting light in a first direction and blocking light in a second direction along an optical pathway. The optical isolator includes an input polarizer having a pass axis at first angle, an output polarizer having a pass axis at second angle, a Faraday rotator material between the polarizers having a Verdet constant and an axis of maximum length therethrough, generation means for generating a magnetic field around and inside the rotator material, and at least one reflector configured to define an optical length through the rotator material which is longer than the axis therethrough. The optical pathway length through the rotator material, the magnetic field strength, and the Verdet constant are selected so as to rotate light through the Faraday rotator material from the first angle to the second angle.Type: GrantFiled: March 15, 2004Date of Patent: June 6, 2006Assignee: Ahura CorporationInventors: Masud Azimi, Daryoosh Vakhshoori, Kevin J. Knopp, Gregory Vander Rhodes, Peidong Wang
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Patent number: 7050219Abstract: Subjects for the invention are to provide a light-modulating element having an elevated energy efficiency while preventing a decrease in contrast at low cost without using a display technique employing a waveguide or lightguide plate, and to provide a display element capable of producing high-quality display images and an exposure element capable of exposure treatment.Type: GrantFiled: June 17, 2002Date of Patent: May 23, 2006Assignee: Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd.Inventor: Koichi Kimura
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Patent number: 7046419Abstract: A digital micromirror device arrangement and devices using the arrangement are disclosed. The arrangement includes a digital micromirror device (DMD) having an active area, a cover plate disposed substantially adjacent to the DMD and having a thickness and a light blocking area having an aperture formed therein. The active area is adapted to receive incoming light and to reflect the incoming light as outgoing light. The light-blocking layer is offset from a plane of the active area by at least the thickness of the cover plate and is adapted to block light from passing therethrough. The aperture is dimensioned to produce a beam of outgoing light having desired dimensions.Type: GrantFiled: August 13, 2004Date of Patent: May 16, 2006Assignee: Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P.Inventors: Anurag Gupta, Peter Guy Howard
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Patent number: 7042617Abstract: Optical devices utilizing flakes (also called platelets) suspended in a host fluid have optical characteristics, such as reflective properties, which are angular dependent in response to an AC field. The reflectivity may be Bragg-like, and the characteristics are obtained through the use of flakes of liquid crystal material, such as polymer liquid crystal (PLC) materials including polymer cholesteric liquid crystal (PCLC) and polymer nematic liquid crystal (PNLC) material or birefringent polymers (BP). The host fluid may be propylene carbonate, poly(ethylene glycol) or other fluids or fluid mixtures having fluid conductivity to support conductivity in the flake/host system. AC field dependent rotation of 90° can be obtained at rates and field intensities dependent upon the frequency and magnitude of the AC field. The devices are useful in providing displays, polarizers, filters, spatial light modulators and wherever switchable polarizing, reflecting, and transmission properties are desired.Type: GrantFiled: April 2, 2003Date of Patent: May 9, 2006Assignee: The University of RochesterInventors: Tanya Z. Kosc, Kenneth L. Marshall, Stephen D. Jacobs
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Patent number: 7042618Abstract: A circuit for implementing a registration-free, contiguous conductive plane. A circuit may include a plurality of conductive structures in a first plane. The circuit may further include a contiguous conductive equipotential surface in a second plane parallel to the first plane. The circuit may further include activation means configured to adjust an electric field between the first and second planes thereby activating one or more structures in the first plane by increasing a potential difference between the first and second planes to a threshold level deemed to constitute an active state. The circuit may further include deactivation means configured to adjust the electric field between the first and second planes thereby deactivating one or more structures in the first plane by decreasing the potential difference between the first and second planes below a threshold level deemed to constitute a deactivation state.Type: GrantFiled: February 26, 2003Date of Patent: May 9, 2006Assignee: Uni-Pixel Displays, Inc.Inventors: Martin G. Selbrede, Lynn Essman, Dan Van Ostrand, Kevin Derichs
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Patent number: 7042626Abstract: The present invention provides an electro-optical device for displaying sharp color images at low cost. The electro-optical device can include a first substrate, a second substrate facing the first substrate, an electro-optical layer which is disposed between the first and second substrates and which includes electrophoretic particles and a dispersion medium, and a colored layer which is located at a position corresponding to the electro-optical layer and which includes at least one color element, wherein at least a part of the dispersion medium has substantially the same color as that of the color element.Type: GrantFiled: July 19, 2005Date of Patent: May 9, 2006Assignee: Seiko Epson CorporationInventor: Makoto Katase
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Patent number: 7038830Abstract: A micro-oscillation element includes a frame, a movable functional part, a driving mechanism, a beam extending from the functional part to the driving mechanism, and a torsion connector for connecting the frame and the beam to each other. The connector defines a rotational axis about which the functional part rotates. The rotational axis crosses the longitudinal direction of the beam. The beam is shorter than the functional part in the longitudinal direction of the rotational axis.Type: GrantFiled: August 26, 2004Date of Patent: May 2, 2006Assignees: Fujitsu Limited, Fujitsu Media Devices LimitedInventors: Osamu Tsuboi, Norinao Kouma, Hisao Okuda, Hiromitsu Soneda, Satoshi Ueda, Ippei Sawaki, Yoshitaka Nakamura
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Patent number: 7034986Abstract: The present invention relates to an apparatus for creating a pattern on a workpiece sensitive to radiation, such as a photomask a display panel or a microoptical device. The apparatus comprises a source for emitting electromagnetic radiation, a spatial modulator having multitude of modulating elements (pixels), adapted to being illuminated by said radiation, and a projection system creating an image of the modulator on the workpiece.Type: GrantFiled: June 20, 2005Date of Patent: April 25, 2006Assignee: Micronic Laser Systems ABInventor: Torbjorn Sandstrom
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Patent number: 7034983Abstract: A spatial light modulator apparatus for an optical microscope system including an optical head with a mounting flange for mounting the optical head to a port of the microscope, a DMD for generating a pattern image of light, a light source mount for receiving a source of illumination, and one or more optical elements for directing light from the source of illumination to the DMD and to direct the pattern image generated by the DMD to the microscope. A DMD controller has a digital input and is connected to the DMD for driving the individual micromirrors of the DMD to generate the pattern image. A pattern generation subsystem is configured to output pattern image data and a digital interface is connected between the digital input of the DMD controller and the pattern generation subsystem, the digital interface configured to provide a digital drive signal to the DMD controller corresponding to the pattern image data.Type: GrantFiled: November 17, 2004Date of Patent: April 25, 2006Assignee: Imaginative Optics, Inc.Inventors: Andrew Frank DeSimone, Bruce Crary
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Patent number: RE39537Abstract: The present invention additionally comprises a method and apparatus for generating and mixing signals for frequency-domain lifetime and spectral fluorometry. The present invention comprises a plurality of signal generators that generate a plurality of signals where the signal generators modulate the amplitude and/or the frequency of the signals. The present invention uses one of these signals to drive an excitation signal that the present invention then directs and transmits at a target mixture, which absorbs the energy from the excitation signal. The property of fluorescence causes the target mixture to emit an emitted signal that the present invention detects with a signal detector. The present invention uses a plurality of mixers to produce a processor reference signal and a data signal. The present invention then uses a processor to compare the processor reference signal with the data signal by analyzing the differences in the phase and the differences in the amplitude between the two signals.Type: GrantFiled: November 9, 2001Date of Patent: April 3, 2007Assignee: Systems & Processes Engineering CorporationInventors: Tommy Clay Cruce, William H. Hallidy, Robert C. Chin