Abstract: A frequency synthesizer type of the channel selecting device using a PLL wherein the local oscillation output is frequency-divided by a predetermined frequency dividing ratio according to a channel and compared in phase with a reference oscillation output, a signal corresponding to the phase difference is supplied to a tuner to change the local oscillation frequency thereof. A horizontal synchronizing signal is detected to determine whether or not a broadcast signal is transmitted through the channel, and when no broadcast signal is transmitted through the channel. Other channels are searched successively until a channel through which a broadcast signal is transmitted is found.

Abstract: A solid-state image sensor in which a light signal charge transfer means comprising a metal oxide semiconductor (MOS) vertical shift register and switching elements is provided so that the light signal charge stored in the photoelectric transducer elements in one column in an (m.times.n) photoelectric transducer matrix array is simultaneously transferred to a vertical transmission line; and another charge transfer means comprising a transfer gate means and storage capacitor elements transfers the light signal charge transferred onto the vertical transmission line to a horizontal shift register from which the light signal charge is transferred to an output stage. The horizontal shift register comprises a charge-coupled device (CCD) type horizontal shift register. The solid-state image sensor can eliminate blooming caused by the incidence of light with a high intensity and smear caused by the incidence of light on the areas except predetermined light reception areas.

Abstract: A camera system for color television comprising a color television camera, a control unit and a signal processing circuit. As hue signal the signal processing circuit produces a composite color difference signal p(R-Y)+q(B-Y), wherein p and q are combination factors, R and B are color signals and Y is a luminance signal. In addition to the fact that this hue signal can be employed in known manner for chroma keying signal generation it is employed in accordance with the invention to check the registration on display. Herein, there is a choice between three fixed combinations of the combination factors p and q, the signal processing circuit producing a difference signal R-G, R-B and B-G, respectively. For the standardized luminance signal Y=0.59G+0.30 R+0.11 B it follows that: p=8q, p=-q and 7p=3q, respectively.

Abstract: The invention relates to a system for sequentially analyzing each data point representing a digitized video line image and modifying the point to improve the quality of the image based upon an examination of surrounding data points. Specifically, data comprising a digitized scanned image with each point represented by a one bit digital signal is stored such that a matrix of data is continually supplied to a data multiplexer. The data multiplexer selects the portion of the matrix data to be compared to predetermined criteria to determine whether or not the data point being analyzed should be changed to improve the quality of the image.

Abstract: An improved vertical sync separator for a TV receiver includes an integrator circuit that comprises a current mirror one current path coupled to a normally conducting semiconductor element to discharge a capacitor and another current path coupled to a signal receiving semiconductor element to charge the capacitor. The output of the integrator circuit is coupled to an amplifier having a slicing level that varies with the strength of the received signal.

Abstract: A high-definition television system for electronic cinematography includes vertical scanning for ease of line-rate transcoding or adaptation to standard-definition television systems. The number of vertical line-scans is selected for transcoding to a standard-definition system by deleting alternate vertical line-scan samples.

Abstract: The present invention provides a novel and useful reproducing apparatus for reproducing a rotary recording medium recorded with a color video signal.Another and more specific object of the present invention is to provide a reproducing apparatus capable of reproducing any one of the NTSC disc, the PAL disc, or the SECAM disc so that a reproduced picture is obtained in a receiver of any of the three systems, that is, the NTSC system, the PAL system, or the SECAM system. According to the apparatus of the present invention, an arbitrary disc can be reproduced regardless of the color video signal system, and a reproduced picture can be obtained by an arbitrary receiver regardless of the system it uses.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display TV includes a TV housing, and a reflective type liquid crystal display panel installed in the housing. A magnifying lens is disposed for magnifying an image on the display area and a support assembly is provided for supporting the magnifying lens to allow a space where the ambient light enters from above a display area of said liquid crystal display panel when the magnifying lens lens is in use. This arrangement allows full utilization of the ambient light for the optical performance of the liquid crystal display panel.

Abstract: A two-color copying machine includes a scanner unit for simultaneously generating signals representing different colors on an original document and first and second thermal head assemblies each responsive to signals representing a different color image for recording two different color images on a single recording sheet. If desired, only one of the color portions of the original may be recorded, or they can both be recorded in a single recording color.

Abstract: An image processing method is provided for reducing noise in a sampled image, particularly for reducing noise in an image divided into blocks of sampled image elements that are transformed by a linear procedure, such as the Walsh-Hadamard transform, and improved regarding visible noise by non-linear thresholding of the transform coefficients. By operating the process in a hierarchy of stages, each stage employing a block operating on image signals derived from a preceding stage, and by overlapping the blocks processed in each stage, the processed signal from each image element is the linear combination of many transform coefficients from each stage and from each overlapped block within each stage. Such a large number of contributions making up each processed image element assures that the processed image is generated without a characteristic block-like structure due to block transform processing while the wanted components of the image are rendered with minimal image loss or distortion.

Abstract: A solid-state color imager which eliminates moire fringes is disclosed. The imager includes, a base comprised of an array of solid-state switching elements, and a photosensitive layer, separate from and superimposed over the base, comprised of a top transparent electrode, an array of back mosaic electrodes and a light-sensitive material layer positioned therebetween. An array of multi-color filters are superimposed over the photosensitive layer. The filters, photosensitive layer and solid-state elements make up an array of pixels which are arranged in columns and rows to form the imager. The back electrodes have the same size, hexagonal shape and positioning as the filters. By arranging the pixels in overlapping columns and rows moire fringes can be eliminated.

Abstract: A new and improved solid-state image sensor uses a dynamic random access memory as the light sensitive element. The dynamic random access memory is mounted in a semiconductor package having a transparent lid, and one or more lenses focuses the light image onto the dynamic random access memory. A recording device or a display unit is provided. The new and improved solid-state sensor is particularly useful in low-cost applications, such as robots and toys.

Abstract: An AFT circuit for a television receiver automatically adjusts the frequency of a tuner local oscillator, not only on the basis of an error signal provided from an AFT discriminator, but also on the basis of horizontal synchronizing pulses contained in the video signal to which the receiver is tuned. A synch signal detector detects the presence or absence of the synchronizing pulses. A control circuit provides a control signal to the local oscillator in response to the AFT error signal when the latter is above or below a reference voltage such that the desired frequency is within an AFT capture range. However, when the AFT signal is at the reference voltage, the control circuit provides the control signal based on the presence or absence of the synchronizing pulses, such that when the pulses are present, the local oscillator frequency is raised, but when the pulses are absent, the local oscillator frequency is lowered. Then, when the AFT signal is present, the local oscillator is controlled thereby.

Abstract: A problem arises when simultaneous attempts are made to write and read from the same location in a random access memory. The invention deals with this problem by delaying the writing operations automatically by a varying amount to prevent attempts at simultaneous writing and reading: and preferably to position each write operation approximately mid-way between two read operations.The invention is particularly applicable to a television synchronizer. In a television synchronizer video information is digitized and then fed into a memory by write clock signals derived from the video information, e.g. from its line synchronizing pulses. It is fed out of the memory by read clock signals derived from some other source.The invention is also applicable to standards conversion systems, noise reduction systems and picture size reduction and expansion systems.

Abstract: A high density charge coupled device imaging array 58 with a bilinear array 60, 62 of photosites on a single integrated circuit chip is utilized in an image scanning configuration. Offset photosites 60a, 62a in two rows are coupled via transfer gates 64 to storage register 72 and then to two shift registers 74, 76, and via transfer gates 66 directly to two shift registers 68, 70 in a quadrilinear array. The output of these four shift registers 68, 70, 74, 76 are multiplexed to generate a single output pulse train representative of the information scanned.

Abstract: Adjustable coring circuit includes linear amplifier and multistage limiting amplifier responsive to input signals from a common source. Limiting amplifier includes an input stage receiving operating current from a first current source transistor, in cascade with an output stage receiving operating current from a second current source transistor. Cored signal, corresponding to the difference between a linearly translated version of the input signals and a doubly clipped version thereof, is developed by a signal combiner responsive to outputs of both amplifiers. Base-emitter paths of the two current source transistors are connected in series across a common bias source. The base electrodes of two control transistors, of mutually opposite conductivity types, respond to variations of common coring level control voltage. Collector-emitter path of one control transistor shunts base-emitter path of first current source transistor.

Abstract: A camera device for electronic cinematography uses the same lens assembly for a television camera and its monitor as is used with a viewfinder eyepiece assembly, so that the scene in the viewfinder eyepiece assembly is the same as that presented to the television camera and depicted on its monitor. The light from the lens assembly may be reflected by a full mirror into only the viewfinder, or through a partial mirror to both the viewfinder and the television camera. The viewfinder and the television monitor are secured together to move as a unit.

Abstract: There is disclosed a solid-state color imaging apparatus which comprises an imaging device composed of a solid-state charge-coupled device having a plurality of cells each of which has at least two potential wells and color filter having a combination of color filter elements which are positioned corresponding to the two potential wells in such a manner as to provide different spectral sensitivities to the two potential wells.

Abstract: Control of illumination with illumination amplifier devices provides a basis for implementing various types of illumination systems. Also illumination amplifiers in closed illumination servo loops provide improved illumination control. An illumination control system provides precise control of camera operations for photographic and photoplotter applications. Illumination amplifier devices are used in conjunction with electronic control circuits to provide flexibility and precision in camera systems, reducing reliance on prior art mechanical devices.Illumination control circuits are presented in the form of digital gates and flip-flops and in the form of analog computational elements to provide illumination computer systems. In addition, a batch fabricated illumination computer arrangement is presented for improved implementation of illumination control systems.Illumination amplifiers are further configured for control of illumination in buildings and automobiles.

Abstract: A charge injection device sensing an optical radiation pattern is driven at an operation sequence where the charge holding mode is inserted between the charge storing/readout mode and the charge injection mode. The charge holding period is effective for picture elements influenced by charges injected into the substrate after the readout operation placed spacially far and timed. The problem of cross-talk at high speed operation is resolved.