Abstract: 4-Hydroxy-5-methyl-2,3-dihydrofuranone-3 is obtained by heating a solution with pH between 1 and 7 of a 5-keto-aldohexonic acid or a derivative thereof in a polar solvent at a temperature of 70.degree. C. to 150.degree. C. The 5-keto-aldohexonic acid is preferably 5-ketogluconic acid.Meat flavors are obtained by heating the 5-keto-aldohexonic acid under the same conditions in the presence of a hydrogen sulphide donor like e.g. cysteine. This reaction product may be incorporated into foodstuffs. Also a process of modifying the organoleptic properties of a foodstuff or an ingredient for a foodstuff having a pH between 5 and 7 before consumption and which has to be heated at least 15 minutes to at least 70.degree. C. by incorporating from 30 to 2000 ppm of a 5-keto-aldohexonic acid is described.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for synthesizing dihydro-1,4-dithiins by the reaction of an acyloin or a halocarbonyl compound with an organic thiosulfate.

Abstract: There is disclosed an improved method of preparing dibenzothiazolyl disulfides by oxidizing mercaptobenzothiazole with hydrogen peroxide in the presence of an amine. The invention has particular utility by providing a relatively pollution free method of preparing dibenzothiazolyl disulfides.

Abstract: Compounds having analgesic activity are disclosed which have the general formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is hydrogen, alkyl having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, cyclohexyl or benzyl; R is selected from the group consisting of alkyl having at least 4 carbon atoms; cyclohexyl; unsubstituted phenyl or phenyl substituted with one or more halogen atoms, methyl, methoxy, hydroxy, cyano, nitro, trifluoromethyl, carboxyl, ethoxycarbonyl, acetamido, methylsulfonyl, phenoxy, benzoyl, phenyl, .alpha.-hydroxybenzyl, cyclohexyl or carbamoyl; thienyl; pyridyl; naphthyl; naphthyl substituted with methoxy; adamantyl; and benzyl; and n is 1, 2 or 3, with the provisos that (1) when R is carboxyphenyl, benzoylphenyl, or (.alpha.-hydroxybenzyl) phenyl, n is not 3, and (2) when R is (.alpha.-hydroxy benzyl) phenyl, R.sub.1 is not benzyl, and acid addition salts thereof.

Abstract: Esters in their stereoisomeric form or mixtures thereof of the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 and R are different and individually selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, fluorine and bromine, R.sub.2 is selected from the group consisting of --CN and --C.tbd.CH and R.sub.3 is a hydrocarbyl group having pesticidal properties and their preparations.

Abstract: Compounds of the formula: ##STR1## wherein X is sulfur or oxygen; R.sub.1 is lower alkyl; R.sub.2 is lower alkyl, lower straight chain alkoxy, lower alkylthio, phenyl or the group --NR.sub.3 R.sub.4 where R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 are independently hydrogen or lower alkyl, provided that when X is oxygen, R.sub.2 is not phenyl, are pesticidal, exhibiting activity against pests such as plant fungal diseases and, in many cases, insects.

Abstract: N-[1-(2'-substituted-alkyl)-amidomethyl and carboalkoxymethyl]-substituted-N-acylanilines have fungicidal activity.

Abstract: The invention relates to alkylurea derivatives of Formula (I), as defined in the specification, which alkylurea derivatives are useful as hypolipaemic agents. Also included in the invention are methods for the manufacture of said alkylurea derivatives compositions and medicaments containing said alkylurea derivatives and methods for the use of said alkylurea derivatives.

Abstract: Compounds of the formula ##STR1## wherein A is a single bond, ##STR2## R.sub.1 is --OH, --0--acyl, chlorine or hydrogen; R.sub.2 is hydrogen, methyl or ethyl;R.sub.3 is ##STR3## m is 2, 3 or 4; n is 1, 2 or 3;R.sub.4 is hydrogen or lower alkyl;R.sub.5 is hydrogen, lower alkyl or, when R.sub.4 is hydrogen, also phenyl;R.sub.6, R.sub.7 and R.sub.8 are each hydrogen or methyl;R.sub.9 is hydrogen, --Ar, --OAr or --NH--CO--Ar;Ar is ##STR4## R.sub.10, R.sub.11 and R.sub.12 which may be identical to or different from each other, are each hydrogen, hydroxyl, methyl, methoxy, halogen, methylenedioxy, --NH--R.sub.13 or --CONH.sub.2 ; andR.sub.13 is hydrogen, acyl or lower alkylsulfonyl;and non-toxic, pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salts thereof; the compounds as well as their salts are useful for the treatment of asthma, bronchitis, urticaria, conjunctivities, hay fever, colds and cardiovascular disorders, and for relaxation of the uterine musculature.

Abstract: This invention relates to novel 5-substituted amino-6H-1,2,4-oxadiazin-3(2H)-ones wherein the 5-amino group is N-substituted with a C.sub.4-20 alkyl or alkenyl group, a phenyl group with an amide, alkoxy or alkyl ester in the meta or para position, a pyridinyl group substituted with one or two alkyl groups, a 3,4,5-trialkoxyphenylmethylene group, or the nitrogen attached to the 5 carbon is part of a heterocyclic ring wherein the heterocyclic ring is imidazole, imidazolidinedione, imidazolidinyl, morpholinyl, piperazinyl or pyrrolidinyl.

Abstract: Diphenyloxadiazinediones of the formula (I) ##STR1## where R.sub.1 is CH.sub.3, F, Cl or Br, R.sup.2 is H, F or Cl and R.sup.3 to R.sup.8 are H, F, Cl, Br, CH.sub.3, CF.sub.3, --OCF.sub.3, --OCHF.sub.2, OCF.sub.2 CHClF, --OCH.sub.3 or --OC.sub.2 H.sub.5, their preparation and their use, especially as insecticides and acaricides.

Abstract: Phosphoric or thiophosphoric esters of 5(3)-hydroxypyrazoles are disclosed having the formula: ##STR1## wherein: R=H; alkyl with 1-7 carbon atoms optionally substituted with halogens, CN, and carboalkoxy groups; phenyl optionally substituted; benzyl; alkenyl; or alkynyl;X=halogen; --SR; --OR; --N(R).sub.2 ; or ##STR2## where Y is equal to or different from each other, and=H; C.sub.1 -C.sub.3 alkyl; halogen; --SR; --OR; or --N(R).sub.2 ;Z=S; or O; andR.sup.1 and R.sup.2, equal to or different from each other, are: alkoxyls; alkyls; phenyls; or alkylthio- or alkylamino-groups.These are useful as insecticides, acaricides and nematodacides.Also disclosed are 5(3)-hydroxypyrazoles having the formula: ##STR3## wherein: R=H; alkyl with 1-7 carbon atoms, optionally substituted with halogen atoms, CN, and carboalkoxy-groups; phenyl optionally substituted; benzyl; alkenyl; or alkynyl;X=halogen; --SR; --OR; --N(R).sub.2 ; or ##STR4## where Y is equal to or different from each other, and =H; C.sub.1 -C.sub.

Abstract: A process for purifying crude organic pigments, wherein the crude pigment is suspended in a mixture of two organic liquids which are partially or completely immiscible with one another, the suspension is mixed at 50.degree.-180.degree. C. until equilibrium has been reached, the phases are allowed to separate, the phase containing the impurities (i.e. the first liquid) is separated off and the purified pigment is isolated from the other phase (i.e. the second liquid).Finely divided crude pigments can, directly after purification, be converted, while in the second liquid, into pigmentary forms.The process gives pigments of high purity, which after conversion into pigmentary forms give deep, brilliant colorations.

Abstract: Zeolite-ruthenium catalysts in which the ruthenium is in the form of a cation are very effective in catalyzing the hydrogenation of a broad range of organic compounds.

Abstract: The invention provides novel thioxanthone photoinitiators having the formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 alkyl, alkoxy, alkylthio, halogeno, nitro, amino, alkyl-amino, di-alkyl-amino, hydroxy alkyl-amino, alkanoylamino, benzoylamino, N-alkanoyl-N-benzoyl-amino, sulphonamido, or acetyl, R.sub.2 is alkylene, A is --COOH, --SO.sub.3 H, --OSO.sub.3 H, or --O--CO--X--COOH (where X is such that HO--CO--X--COOH is a di- or tri-carboxylic acid of up to 8 carbon atoms), n is 0, 1, or 2 and m is 1 or 2, provided that when A is --COOH, m is 2, the aforesaid alkyl, alkoxy, alkanoyl, and alkylene residues containing up to 4 carbon atoms each, as the free acid or as a salt thereof. The photoinitiators may advantageously be used in water-based photopolymerizable compositions, e.g. for use in screen stencil production.

Abstract: An azetidin-2-one-4-sulfinic acid represented by the formula ##STR1## is reacted with Pb(OAc).sub.4 in liquid SO.sub.2 containing CuII ion to provide isomeric cyclization products of the formulas ##STR2## wherein R is e.g. benzyl, phenoxymethyl, benzyloxy, diphenylmethoxy, and R.sub.1 is a carboxy-protecting group. The products of the process are useful intermediates for 1-oxa-.beta.-lactam antibacterials.

Abstract: 3-Benzothienylglycines are prepared by reaction of a benzothiophene with an .alpha.-hydroxyglycine derivative in the presence of trifluoroacetic acid.

Abstract: Naphthenic and heterocyclic retinoic acid analogues such as (E)-6-[2-(2,6,6-trimethyl-1-cyclohexen-1-yl)ethenyl]-2-naphthaldehyde, methyl 6-[2-(2,6,6-trimethyl-1-cyclohexen-1-yl)ethenyl]-2-naphthoate, 6-[2-(2,6,6-trimethyl-1-cyclohexen-1-yl)ethenyl]-2-naphthoic acid, (E)-1-(5-carbethoxy-2-furanyl)-2-methyl-4-(2,6,6-trimethyl-1-cyclohexen-1- yl)-1,3-butadiene, (E)-1-(5-carboxy-2-furanyl)-2-methyl-4-(2,6,6-trimethyl-1-cyclohexen-1-yl) -1,3-butadiene, (E)-1-(5-carbethoxythien-2-yl)-2-methyl-4-(2,6,6-trimethyl-1-cyclohexen-1- yl)-1,3-butadiene, and (E)-1-(5-carboxythien-2-yl)-2-methyl-4-(2,6,6-trimethyl-1-cyclohexen-1-yl) -1,3-butadiene. These retinoids are useful as chemopreventive agents for inhibiting tumor promotion in epithelial cells and for treating nonmalignant skin disorders.

Abstract: Novel phosphates of 6(or 5)-hydroxy-2-benzothiazolesulfonamide are useful for the topical treatment of elevated intraocular pressure. Ophthalmic compositions include drops and inserts.

Abstract: Catalytic material is prepared by impregnating porous silica with an aqueous solution containing vanadyl oxalate (VOC.sub.2 O.sub.4), potassium sulfate (K.sub.2 SO.sub.4) and potassium bisulfate (KHSO.sub.4). A free-flowing dry-appearing powder is provided comprising particles having substantially all compounds deposited from the impregnating solution attached to the silica particles within pores of the particles. Subsequent calcining of the powder provides a mixture of compounds within the particle pores containing at least one oxide of vanadium and at least one sulfate of potassium. Catalytic material prepared by the disclosed process is characterized in having a substantially uniform concentration of deposited compounds within the pores of the silica support. The catalytic material is particularly useful in a process for fluid bed oxidation of naphthalene to phthalic anhydride, in which oxidation process the catalyst provides high product yield at a low catalyst attrition rate.