Abstract: The LCD device of the present invention provides multi domains without an additional rubbing process to align the liquid crystals in different alignment directions. The LCD device includes a common electrode having slit patterns so as to form a fringe field between the common electrode and the pixel electrode. Auxiliary electrodes are formed on the organic passivation layer to intensify the fringe field and overlap the data lines. The pixel electrode overlaps the auxiliary electrodes. Additionally, the black matrix pattern is formed in the position corresponding to the slit pattern. An additional inorganic layer is formed between the organic passivation layer and the thin film transistors.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device in which reliable contact can be made through each through-hole includes a first conductive film, an insulating film formed to cover the first conductive film, and a second conductive film formed on an upper surface of the insulating film. The first conductive film, the insulating film and the second conductive film are formed on the liquid crystal-facing surface of at least one of substrates disposed in opposition to each other with a liquid crystal interposed therebetween. A part of the second conductive film is electrically connected to the first conductive film through a through-hole formed in the insulating film. The first conductive film has a depressed portion or recess formed in a portion thereof which is connected to the second conductive film.

Abstract: A rubbing apparatus having a turning buffer for fabricating a liquid crystal display device is disclosed in the present invention. The turning buffer includes a first support having a first mother substrate mounted thereon, a first turning unit rotating the first support, a second support having a second mother substrate mounted thereon, and a second turning unit rotating the first support, wherein the first and second turning units are separated from one another.

Abstract: The invention provides a light shielding film having excellent capability of shielding light. The light shielding film includes a barrier layer formed of a material selected from the group including a refractory nitride compound, silicon compound, tungsten compound, tungsten, and silicon, and also includes a metal layer formed of a material selected from the group including a metal in the form of a simple substance or a metal compound, whose high capability of shielding light is degraded when being oxidized.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for producing a cholesteric liquid crystal color filter having excellent color pixel resolution. The method features forming a liquid crystal layer which includes a cholesteric liquid crystal composition containing at least a liquid crystal compound, a photoreactive chiral dopant, and a polymerization initiator; and forming partition walls at portions corresponding to a boundary of each of pixels to be formed, by irradiating those portions through a mask with ultraviolet light at a wavelength to which the polymerization initiator is sensitive, either before or after the pixels are formed in the liquid crystal layer.

Abstract: The present invention provides a liquid crystal display that can provide a display with high contrast in both the transmissive mode display and the reflective mode display as a transflective liquid crystal display, and an electronic appliance provided therewith. The liquid crystal display can include a liquid crystal layer of a nematic liquid crystal with positive anisotropy of dielectric constant held between a pair of substrates in accordance with the present invention is characterized in that areas used for the display in the liquid crystal layer includes individual areas having at least two kinds of different liquid crystal layer thickness, the individual areas of different liquid crystal layer thickness are either a reflective display unit or a transmissive display unit, a reflective means is disposed on the reflective display unit, and a transparent resin layer is formed in a portion except a portion corresponding to the transmissive display unit.

Abstract: A cholesteric display may be formed, in some embodiments, using a single display element to produce multi-colors for display. A cholesteric material may be sandwiched between a pair of substrates, each associated with pairs of opposed electrodes that are arranged in general transversely to the optical axis of incident light. The first pair of electrodes produce one of two liquid crystal states and result in the reflection of light of a particular wavelength. Light of other wavelengths may be reflected when a second pair (or set) of opposed electrodes, arranged in general transversely, also to the optical axis of incident light, are biased appropriately. So does a third pair (or set) of electrodes. A black and white color display may be generated from a single display element by modulating the pitch length of the cholesteric material within each pairs (or sets).

Abstract: Above a TN liquid crystal panel 140, there is provided an upper polarizing plate 130, and below it, there are sequentially provided a color filter 150, a lower polarizing plate 160, a light diffusion plate 170, a reflection polarizing plate 180, a backlight 190, and a light reflection plate 200. And the relationship between the haze value H of the light diffusion plate 170 and the distance between the light diffusion plate 170 and the light reflection plate 200 is set so as to satisfy the formula: H??200d+140, whereby it is possible to sufficiently diffuse incident light 111 passing through the light diffusion plate 170 and reaching the light reflection plate 200; in the case of black and white display, a reduction in parallax is achieved, and in the case of color display, the reflected light can be made white.

Abstract: A reflection sheet which can prevent scratches on a back face of an optical waveguide plate, and a backlight unit capable of attempting the improvement of brightness and the uniformization of the brightness using the reflection sheet. The reflection sheet includes a substrate sheet made of a white synthetic resin and a scratchproof layer overlaid to the front face side of this substrate sheet, wherein the scratchproof layer has flexible protrusions on its front face in a substantially uniform manner. The scratchproof layer includes a binder and beads dispersed in the binder. Flexible elastomer material which constitutes the beads is preferably flexible polyurethane or a silicone rubber.

Abstract: A liquid-crystal display device is provided wherein large electrostatic capacitance can be obtained without exposure of a metal film on a surface of a TFT array substrate, and yield in production and stability in images are improved. In the liquid-crystal display device of the present invention, a thin-film transistor section is mounted which is used to selectively connect either of a data wiring formed on a gate insulating film or a transparent electrode by a gate connected to an address wiring placed in each of picture element areas. In each of picture element areas, a capacitor section is formed with a first electrode formed, on the gate insulating film, using the same conductive film as used for the data wiring and a second electrode formed, on an upper layer insulating film formed on the gate insulating film, using the same transparent conductive film as used for a transparent electrode.

Abstract: A transistor substrate for a liquid crystal display comprises an array of insulated-gate staggered TFTs and a capacitor (36) associated with each transistor. The gate insulator (400,420) comprises a first inorganic layer (400) and a second, polymer or spin-on glass layer (420), of which layers only the polymer or spin-on glass layer (420) extends to the capacitor (36) to define the capacitor dielectric.

Abstract: A process for making an optical compensator, comprising the steps of coating a orientable resin in a solvent onto a support; drying the resin-containing coating; orienting the resin-containing layer in a predetermined direction; coating a nematic liquid-crystal compound in a solvent carrier onto the orientation layer; drying the nematic liquid-crystal-containing coating; thermally treating the nematic liquid-crystal compound layer, cooling the nematic liquid-crystal compound layer, polymerizing or curing the anisotropic nematic liquid-crystalline layer to form an integral component; and optionally repeating the above steps on top of the integral component so that the optical axis of the first anisotropic nematic liquid-crystal layer is positioned orthogonally relative to the respective optical axis of the second anisotropic nematic liquid-crystal layer about an axis perpendicular to the plane of the support.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display includes a liquid crystal display panel, a lamp unit including a lamp and a lamp holder, a light guide plate, and a case assembly. The case assembly includes a rear case behind the liquid crystal display panel. The rear case has the lamp holder and light guide plate on a surface thereof in a manner to hold them in operative relationship, with the lamp holder kept independent from the light guide plate.

Abstract: In a liquid crystal display device having a transmissive display region and a reflective display region within a unit pixel, the present invention disposes an optical reflection layer having an almost rectangular planar shape as extended in the unit pixel elongate direction at substantially a central portion midway between two neighboring signal electrodes, defines almost rectangular regions between the optical reflection layer and two signal electrodes adjacent thereto as the transmissive display region in the unit pixel, and forms a pixel electrode at a level spaced from that of the optical reflection layer by a dielectric film so as to cover the entire surface of the unit pixel, so that power consumption of the liquid crystal display device is reduced while image quality thereof is improved.

Abstract: To respective pixel regions formed on a liquid-crystal side of one of a pair of substrates which are arranged to face each other in an opposed manner while sandwiching liquid crystal therebetween, pixel electrodes which reflect an external light incident on the pixel electrodes through the other substrate are provided. Protruding portions are formed on a surface of the pixel electrode in a scattered manner and the protruding portions have two or more kinds of shapes which are different from each other when the pixel electrodes are viewed in a plan view. The protruding portions formed on the surface of the pixel electrode are formed of island-like multi-layered material layers which are positioned at lower layer sides of the pixel electrodes. Due to such a constitution, the generation of the interference light can be suppressed.

Abstract: An electromagnetic detector includes an insulating substrate, whereon a charge storage capacitor, a charge collection electrode connected to the charge storage capacitor, and a semiconductor film having electromagnetic conductivity are laminated in this order. The charge collection electrode has an uneven section composed of at least a concave or convex part, dedicated for use in reinforcing a bonding strength between the semiconductor film and the charge collection electrode. With this structure, a peeling of the semiconductor film can be prevented.

Abstract: A reflector has a transparent film, an adhesive layer disposed on one surface of the transparent film, a groove structure provided on the other surface of the transparent film, the groove structure having a plurality of grooves including optical path changing slopes aligned in a substantially constant direction at an inclination angle in a range of from 35 to 48 degrees with respect to a plane of the transparent film, a transparent cover film formed so as to cover an outer surface of the groove structure, and a light diffusing type reflection layer disposed on an outer surface of the cover film. A lighting-external light double mode liquid-crystal display device comprising the above reflector and a transmission type liquid-crystal panel, wherein the reflector is bonded to aback side (opposite to a viewing side) of the transmission type liquid-crystal panel through the adhesive layer of the reflector.

Abstract: A liquid crystal device 1, that is, an electrooptic device, has a second electrode 11 provided so as to oppose a first electrode 10, and a liquid crystal provided between the first electrode 10 and the second electrode 11. This liquid crystal device 1 further has a first substrate 2 on which the first electrode 10 is provided and a wire 14 which is formed on the first substrate 2 and is electrically connected to the second electrode 11 at a conduction position 4a. Since the wire 14 extends inside the conduction position 4a, the picture frame region that is outside a sealing material 4 can be decreased.

Abstract: A wide viewing angle fringe field multi-domain vertically aligned LCD panel and a method for fabricating the panel are disclosed. The LCD panel can be constructed by a first light-missive transmissive substrate, an electrically conductive layer coated on an inside surface of the first light-transmissive substrate to form a first electrode, the layer is substantially optically transparent; a second light transmissive substrate; and electrically conductive grid of horizontal and vertical bars coated on an inside surface of the second light-transmissive substrate to form a second electrode; a cavity formed between the two inside surfaces of the first and second light transmissive substrates and a peripheral seal when the two substrates are positioned together in a spaced-apart relationship; and a liquid crystal material filling the cavity.

Abstract: A signal processing circuit substrate is formed with a through-hole. A device having a variable value and including an value adjustment portion through which the variable value is adjusted is mounted on a first surface of the signal processing circuit substrate. The signal processing circuit substrate includes a flexible arch-shaped member having a height relative to the first surface of the signal processing circuit substrate. The device is electrically and mechanically fixed onto a lower surface of the member in a floating condition above the signal processing circuit substrate such that the value adjustment portion is in alignment with the through-hole so as to allow the value adjustment portion to be adjusted through the through-hole. The member is fixed at opposite edges onto the first surface of the signal processing circuit substrate.