Abstract: This invention consists of transforming a liquid crystal flat screen, normally designed to operate in transmissive mode, to enable it to operate in reflective mode so as to consume less energy. To do this, some screen elements inserted between the liquid crystal layer (3) and the reflector (9) must satisfy a specific relation.

Abstract: A partially light-penetrative and partially light-reflective liquid crystal display (LCD) structure is disclosed. The LCD structure includes a top and a bottom substrate structures respectively including half wave plates; a light-penetrative electrode layer formed on a first portion of the bottom substrate structure; a dielectric layer formed on a second portion of the bottom substrate structure; a light-reflective electrode layer formed on the dielectric layer and connected to the light-penetrative electrode layer; and a liquid crystal layer disposed between the light-reflective and light-penetrative electrode layers and the top substrate structure. The thicknesses of the liquid crystal layer above the first and the second portions of the bottom substrate structure, respectively, are selected to allow the liquid crystal layer above the first portion to be equivalent to a half wave plate, and the liquid crystal layer above the second portion to be equivalent to a quarter wave plate.

Abstract: An optically transmissive layer 212 is formed on a first substrate 211, and a slope surface 212a having a valley in cross section is formed in the optically transmissive layer 212. A reflective layer 213 having a aperture 213h on the slope surface 212a is formed on the optically transmissive layer 212. A color layer 214 is formed on the reflective layer 213. The color layer 214 has a thick portion 214a formed corresponding to the slope surface 212a of the optically transmissive layer 212.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device of the present invention includes: a first substrate; a second substrate; a liquid crystal layer provided between the first substrate and the second substrate; and a plurality of picture element regions for displaying an image. Each of the plurality of picture element regions includes a transmission region in which an image is displayed in a transmission mode by using light that is coming from the side of the first substrate, and a reflection region in which an image is displayed in a reflection mode by using light that is coming from the side of the second substrate. The height of a surface of the second substrate on the side closer to the liquid crystal layer in the reflection region is greater than that in the transmission region, while the height of a surface of the first substrate on the side closer to the liquid crystal layer in the reflection region is substantially equal to that in the transmission region.

Abstract: In a TFT active matrix electro-optical device, the pixel-aperture ratio is increased while a pixel electrode and a semiconductor layer are interconnected, and a high resolution image can be displayed, with a relatively simple structure. For that purpose, the electro-optical device includes a TFT array substrate provided with a TFT, a data line, a scanning line, a capacitor line, and a pixel electrode. The pixel electrode and the TFT are electrically connected to each other, and are interconnected by a first barrier layer through contact holes. A second barrier layer is formed broader than the data line, and a portion of the second barrier layer overlaps the pixel electrode, and thus the pixel-aperture region is delimited.

Abstract: The invention relates to a cholesteric layered material with improved color shift stability.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device manufacturing method, including the steps of forming first-layer metal patterns in a display portion and a peripheral circuit portion of a first substrate; forming a first insulating film on the first-layer metal patterns; forming second-layer metal patterns on the first insulating film; and forming a color resin film on the second-layer metal patterns. The method also including the steps of patterning the color resin film to form color filters made of the color resin film in a pixel region of the display portion and to leave the color resin film in the peripheral circuit portion and forming a third-layer metal pattern on the color resin film in the peripheral circuit portion.

Abstract: A liquid-crystal display (LCD) device improves the performance of preventing the elution of impurity contained in the light-shielding layer (and the color layer) of the monochrome or color filter into the liquid crystal, thereby preventing defective operations of the LCD device (e.g., displaying defect) caused by impurity existing in the liquid crystal. The LCD device includes the protection layer made of a transparent organic resin, which satisfies at least one of a condition (a) that the transparent organic resin has a cross-link density of 70% or greater, and a condition (b) that the transparent organic resin has a Vickers hardness of 50 kgf/mm2 or greater. Preferably, an amount of internal impurity of the filter is 3 ng/cm2 or less. It is preferred that at least one selected from the group consisting of an acrylic resin, a styrene resin, and a polyimide resin is used as a base or matrix material of the transparent organic resin.

Abstract: A structure of a color filter plate for a liquid crystal display panel is described. The structure includes a body having four truncated edges and two recessed portions. The four truncated edges are non-right-angled in shape and respectively formed at four vertexes of the body. The two recessed portions are respectively formed on two opposite sides of the body. When forming a color filter layer composed of plural color filter plates in delta arrangement, the overlapping area of three adjacent color filter plates can be lowered. The light leakage problem of the liquid crystal display panel is suppressed, and the picture quality and the contrast thereof are enhanced.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device which can, even in case where a vibration and an impact such as drop are exerted on a note type computer in which the liquid crystal display device is mounted, prevent a fitting portion for fixing a case body and an LCD cover from disengaging and a pawl portion of the fitting portion from being damaged, and which has fixing means whose maintenance performed by detaching the case body and the LCD cover is easy. A frame-like cushion material whose internal dimension is smaller than an external dimension of a liquid crystal display element and which is formed by using a material excellent in its elastic coefficient and having a high friction factor is mounted inside the case body 4 of the liquid crystal display device, and the liquid crystal display element is fitted into the frame.

Abstract: A rotate-and-pull mechanism for fiber optic modules. The mechanism having a lever-actuator to unlatch and withdraw a fiber optic module from a cage assembly or a module receptacle. The lever-actuator pivotally couples to the fiber optic module so that when lever-actuator is rotated about its pivot point, the lever-actuator causes a pivot-arm actuator to release the fiber optic module from the cage assembly. The pivot-arm actuator further including a keeper to engage into a latch in the cage assembly. A bracket, which may be coupled to the fiber optic module, provides a flexible arm portion to provide a counteracting force when the pivot-arm actuator rotates to release the fiber optic module from the cage assembly. The bracket may include a slot through which the keeper on the pivot-arm actuator may move through as the pivot-arm actuator pivots.

Abstract: A micro-machined mirror optical crossbar switch directs the light beams of input signal channels to selected output channels by manipulating the focal lengths of adaptive optical elements to ensure that the light beam of any given incoming channel is always focused at the position of the reflective device that is selected to switch that beam. This allows the reflective device to be smaller and switch faster and allows the number of output channels per input channel to be increased.

Abstract: A technique for providing a liquid crystal display device which has an excellent production yield but little orientation fault. A liquid crystal display device in which an orientation regulating member 108 including a trunk portion 108a and a branch portion 108b is formed between a seal member 112 and a liquid crystal 114 so that not only a mechanical strength is enhanced but also the liquid crystal molecules can be homogeneously arrayed to establish a satisfactory black level when no voltage is applied, thereby to improve the contrast.

Abstract: The invention relates to a substrate for a liquid crystal display used as a display of an information apparatus, a liquid crystal display having the same, and a method of manufacturing the same and provides a substrate for a liquid crystal display on which the position of a defect can be easily detected to achieve high display quality, a liquid crystal display having the same, and a method of manufacturing the same.

Abstract: An LCD having electrostatic protecting circuits arranged to enable closely spaced signal lines and electrostatic protection in high resolution LCDs. A common electrode crosses a plurality of signal lines that extend from a driving circuit to an LCD array. A plurality of electrostatic protecting circuits are arranged on each side of the common electrode between adjacent signal lines. The signal lines can be beveled or curved to provide space of the electrostatic protecting circuits. Furthermore, multiple common electrodes can be incorporated, enabling electrostatic protecting circuits to be connected between the signal lines and the various common electrodes.

Abstract: Disclosed is a light guide plate for improving front visual angle characteristics. Either a pyramidal recession having at least three sidewalls and a predetermined depth or a pyramidal protrusion having at least three sidewalls and a predetermined height is formed on a light emitting surface of the light guide plate. Accordingly, it is possible to increase the brightness of the front visual angle without using a prism and diffusion sheets or with a reduced number of prism sheets. Also, an LCD apparatus using the light guide plate has a reduced weight and volume compared with conventional LCDs.

Abstract: A reflection-type liquid crystal display device, having a pair of substrates, at least one of which is transparent, a liquid crystal layer sandwiched between the pair of substrates, a light reflector section provided between the liquid crystal layer and one of the pair of substrates, and a polymeric medium layer with fine silver particles precipitated on the surface, as formed at the light reflector section. The reflection-type liquid crystal display is produced by the steps of: applying a mixture containing monovalent silver and a photosensitive polymeric medium; exposing the mixture to light, thereby photolithographically forming a light reflector layer of desired pattern; heating the light reflector layer under a predetermined temperature condition, thereby precipitating fine silver particles on the surface of the light reflector layer; and confronting a transparent substrate with the light reflector layer-formed substrate, and sandwiching a liquid crystal layer between the substrates.

Abstract: To provide an optically transparent film, a method of manufacturing the optically transparent film, an alignment film formed of the optically transparent film, and a liquid crystal panel and a display including the alignment film. The optically transparent film includes amorphous fluorocarbon. Preferably, the integrated transmittance of the optically transparent film is in the visible region is about 50% or higher when the optically transparent film has a film thickness of about 100 nm. The amorphous fluorocarbon has an atomic ratio between hydrogen atoms and fluorine atoms of about 1/9 or higher, and the transmittance in the visible region can be controlled by controlling the atomic ratio of fluorine atoms.

Abstract: A high contrast twisted nematic liquid crystal cell in which outgoing or reflected light is linearly polarized and has the same polarization angle as incoming or incident light when the cell is in an off state. Matching the polarization axes of incoming and outgoing light allows less light to pass through a final analyzer with the cell in an off state to provide a darker off state, and allows more light through with the cell in an on state, resulting in an enhanced contrast ratio display. A method of determining placement of optical retarders for enhanced contrast in a reflective twisted nematic liquid crystal display device is also described.

Abstract: Method for fabricating an LCD having the liquid crystal dropping method applied thereto including loading first and second substrates into a bonding chamber, aligning the first and second substrates, bonding the first and second substrates, venting the bonding chamber for applying a pressure to the bonded substrates, inspecting the substrates, and unloading the first and second substrates.