Abstract: A new crystal form of threo glycopyrronium chloride is useful in pharmaceutical applications.

Abstract: Disclosed are hybrid compounds that release both nitric oxide and a moiety that inhibits poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP), e.g., a compound or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof of formula (I), wherein R1-4 and m-p are as described herein. Also disclosed are pharmaceutical compositions and methods of use including treating cancer and enhancing the chemotherapeutic treatment of chemotherapeutic agents and high energy radiation.

Abstract: This technology relates generally to compounds and methods for stimulating neurogenesis (e.g., post-natal neurogenesis, including post-natal hippocampal and hypothalamic neurogenesis) and/or protecting neuronal cell from cell death. Various compounds are disclosed herein. In vivo activity tests suggest that these compounds may have therapeutic benefits in neuropsychiatric and/or neurodegenerative diseases such as schizophrenia, major depression, bipolar disorder, normal aging, epilepsy, traumatic brain injury, post-traumatic stress disorder, Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, Down syndrome, spinocerebellar ataxia, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Huntington's disease, stroke, radiation therapy, chronic stress, abuse of a neuro-active drug, retinal degeneration, spinal cord injury, peripheral nerve injury, physiological weight loss associated with various conditions, as well as cognitive decline associated with normal aging, chemotherapy, and the like.

Abstract: This invention relates generally to stimulating neurogenesis (e.g., post-natal neurogenesis, e.g., post-natal hippocampal neurogenesis) and protection from neuron cell death.

Abstract: The present invention relates generally to methods and compounds for regulating the release of nitric oxide in the vicinity of biofilm-forming microorganisms to regulate programmed cell death in the microorganisms and thereby promote dispersal of microorganism from biofilms and/or inhibit biofilm formation or development. More particularly, the invention relates to the use of compounds to provide spatial and temporal control over nitric oxide release.

Abstract: Subject of the invention is a method for the production of a cyanopyridine, wherein (A) a gaseous reaction product comprising the cyanopyridine is produced in a reactor, (B) the gaseous reaction product is quenched with water in a column (2) and a gaseous phase is obtained, which is depleted from at least a portion of the cyanopyridine, (C) the gaseous phase is transferred to a condenser, in which a condensate is obtained, and the gaseous phase is depleted from at least a portion of the water, and (D) the gaseous phase from the condenser is passed through at least one heat exchanger. Another subject of the invention is a device for carrying out the invention.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a composition including a dialkyl tin oxide, such as DBTO, which can be used as a transesterification catalyst for the synthesis of (meth)acrylic esters. The invention also relates to a method for the synthesis of (meth)acrylic esters by transesterification in the presence of said composition.

Abstract: The present invention addresses the problem of providing with a simple production process and with high efficiency a new photosensitive azobenzene derivative which is capable of freely controlling phase transition by photostimulation, and the problem is solved by using an azobenzene derivative represented by general formula (1). (1) (In the formula, R1 and R6 are independently an alkoxyl group having 6-18 carbon atoms, R2-R5 and R7-R10 are independently a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1-4 carbon atoms which may have branches, provided that not all of R2-R5 and R7-R10 are hydrogen).

Abstract: The present invention relates to substituted 1,3,4-oxadiazoles-2-thio azetidine derivatives, processes for preparing them, pharmaceutical compositions containing them and their use as pharmaceuticals as modulators of sphingosine-1-phosphate receptors.

Abstract: Derivates of chromene of formula I, where the meanings for the various substituents are as indicated in the description. These compounds are useful as inhibitors of TCR-Nck interaction in T lymphocytes.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compounds from Antrodia cinnamomea. The present invention also relates to a composition and a method for treating or prophylaxis of hepatitis C virus (HCV) or human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection.

Abstract: The invention comprises novel inhibitors of dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP-IV) with beta blocker activity, pharmaceutical compositions comprising therapeutically effective amounts of novel inhibitors of DPP-IV, and novel methods of treating medical conditions are provided. The novel inhibitors of DPP-IV described herein are useful in the treatment of neurological disorders, diabetes, inflammatory disorders such as arthritis, obesity, osteoporosis, hypertension, and glaucoma of such other enumerated conditions as can be treated with inhibitors of DPP-IV and beta blockers.

Abstract: The present invention provides an inexpensive and industrially advantageous method for producing an optically active form of an anti-(3S,4R)-3-alkylcarbamoyl-4-hydroxypyrrolidine derivative or it's enantiomer, which is a key intermediate for producing a high-quality optically active form of (3R,4S)-3-alkylaminomethyl-4-fluoropyrrolidine or it's enantiomer useful as an intermediate for producing pharmaceuticals. The present invention relates to a method for producing an optically active anti-(3S,4R)-4-hydroxypyrrolidine-3-carboxamide derivative, or it's enantiomer by carrying out asymmetric hydrogenation using an optically active catalyst of a 4-oxopyrrolidine-3-carboxamide derivative represented by the general formula (I). [in the formula (I), PG1 represents a protective group for an amino group, and R1 represents hydrogen, a C1 to C6 alkyl group which may be substituted, or a C3 to C8 cycloalkyl group which may be substituted].

Abstract: N-(1,3,4-Oxadiazol-2-yl)arylcarboxamides of the general formula (I) are described as herbicides. In this formula (I) A is nitrogen or CY. R, X, Y and Z are each radicals such as hydrogen, organic radicals such as alkyl, and other radicals such as halogen.

Abstract: A method for producing N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone by crystallization including: controlling a water content in a feed N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone solution at an inlet of a crystallizer so as to be not lower than 0.7% by weight and not higher than 10% by weight based on the total weight of the N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone solution; and supplying the feed N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone solution to a crystallization process.

Abstract: This invention relates generally to stimulating neurogenesis (e.g., post-natal neurogenesis, e.g., post-natal hippocampal neurogenesis) and protecting from neuron cell death.

Abstract: The invention relates to (among other things) oligomer-containing pyrrolidine compounds. A compound of the invention, when administered by any of a number of administration routes, exhibits one or more advantages over corresponding compounds lacking the oligomer.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods and compositions comprising compounds useful for stimulating neurogenesis. The methods and compositions comprising compounds are also useful for inhibiting neuronal degeneration. Thus, the present invention can be used in the treatment of diseases and conditions characterized by neuronal loss and reduced neurogenesis including Alzheimer's disease, stroke, traumatic brain injury, traumatic nerve injury, and depression. This invention is useful for research products including single agents or mixtures of agents to promote, proliferate, differentiate, or maintain neurons from stem or progenitor cells.

Abstract: This technology relates generally to compounds and methods for stimulating neurogenesis (e.g., post-natal neurogenesis, including post-natal hippocampal and hypothalamic neurogenesis) and/or protecting neuronal cell from cell death. Various compounds are disclosed herein. In vivo activity tests suggest that these compounds may have therapeutic benefits in neuropsychiatric and/or neurodegenerative diseases such as schizophrenia, major depression, bipolar disorder, normal aging, epilepsy, traumatic brain injury, post-traumatic stress disorder, Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, Down syndrome, spinocerebellar ataxia, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Huntington's disease, stroke, radiation therapy, chronic stress, abuse of a neuro-active drug, retinal degeneration, spinal cord injury, peripheral nerve injury, physiological weight loss associated with various conditions, as well as cognitive decline associated with normal aging, chemotherapy, and the like.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for microwave assisted synthesis of N-methyl pyrrolidone (NMP). Particularly the process relates to the synthesis of N-methyl succinimide or corresponding analogs by using microwave irradiation which on hydrogenation in the presence of a hydrogenating catalyst gives N-methyl pyrrolidone. Compared to the conventional heating microwave process requires less energy inputs and reduces the reaction time drastically from 5-6 h to 2-5 min.