Abstract: In a process for heterogeneously catalyzed gas-phase oxidation, a reaction gas starting mixture comprising propane, molecular oxygen and, if desired, inert gas is passed at from 300 to 500° C. over a fixed-bed catalyst.

Abstract: There is disclosed a method for producing cyclopropanecarboxylates of the formula (3): by transesterification in the presence of a lanthanoid metal alkoxide

Abstract: A phenyl ester is produced by allowing benzene, a carboxylic acid and molecular oxygen to react with each other in the presence of a catalyst comprising (A) palladium, (B) at least one element selected from elements of groups 13, 14, 15, and 16 and the fourth to sixth periods of the periodic table, and (C) at least one element selected from elements of groups 3, 4 and lanthanoid elements of the periodic table. Preferably, element (B) is selected from elements of group 16 and the fourth to sixth periods of the periodic table, and element (C) is contained in a metal oxide form in the catalyst. The phenyl ester can be converted to phenol by hydrolysis or ester exchange.

Abstract: A process for preparing alkyl acrylates is disclosed. The process provides for the synthesis of alkyl (meth)acrylates, hydrolysis of process impurities into starting materials and separation of starting materials and reaction products in one reactor.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compounds being esters of 5-aminolevulinic acids or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, including compounds of formula (I) R22N—CH2COCH2—CH2CO—OR1 (wherein R1 may represent alkyl optionally substituted by hydroxy, alkoxy, acyloxy, alkoxycarbonyloxy, amino, aryl, oxo or fluoro groups and optionally interrupted by oxygen, nitrogen, sulphur or phosphorus atoms; and R2 represents a hydrogen atom or a group R1, and both R2 groups may be the identical or different), and their use in diagnosis and photochemotherapy of disorders or abnormalities of external or internal surfaces of the body, and products and kits for performing the invention.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for oxidizing primary alcohols in order to obtain aldehydes and/or carboxylic acids. The reaction takes place in the presence of a catalyst supported on aluminium oxides or aluminium silicates and containing palladium, platinum, cobalt, rhodium, ruthenium, iridium, rhenium, optionally with co-catalysts.

Abstract: Provided is a process for producing acrylic acid stably at a high yield over a long period of time by subjecting acrolein or acrolein-containing gas to catalytic vapor phase oxidation. The above process is characterized by controlling the reaction so that the following equations (1) and (2) are satisfied: 1° C.≦T0−T1≦15° C.  (1) T1<T2  (2) wherein T0 represents a temperature of acrolein or the acrolein-containing gas in an inlet of a catalyst layer; T1 represents a temperature in an inlet part of the catalyst layer; and T2 represents a temperature in an outlet part of the catalyst layer.

Abstract: In a process for the production of acetic acid by carbonylation of methanol and/or a reactive derivative in the presence of a Group VIII noble metal carbonylation catalyst, methyl iodide co-catalyst at a concentration of at least 2 wt %, optionally at least one promoter at least a finite concentration of water, methyl acetate at a concentration of at least 8% w/w and acetic acid product, the separability of an upper (aqueous) layer and a lower (organic) layer in the decanter of the light ends column is achieved by maintaining the concentration of acetic acid in the condensed overhead vapor fraction passed to the decanter at or below 8 wt %.

Abstract: An improvement to methanol carbonylation processes utilizing a homogeneous iridium catalyst system comprises adding a rate-promoting amount of an insoluble pyridine ring-containing polymer. Typically, polyvinylpyridine is added to the reactor in amounts of up to about 2 wt. percent.

Abstract: A method for producing esters, carboxylic acids and mixtures thereof includes contacting, under carbonylation conditions, lower alkyl alcohols, ethers, lower alkyl alcohol derivatives and mixtures thereof and carbon monoxide with a catalyst having a catalytically effective amount a metal selected from iron, cobalt, nickel, ruthenium, rhodium, palladium, osmium, iridium, platinum, tin and mixtures thereof associated with a carbonized polysulfonated divinylbenzene-styrene copolymer matrix. In a preferred aspect of the invention the method is called out under vapor-phase conditions.

Abstract: Substituted propenoates are prepared by eliminating an alcohol from a substituted malondialdehyde acetal, optionally in the presence of a homogeneous or heterogeneous catalyst.

Abstract: The present invention provides a catalyst composition for the production of carboxylic acids by the oxidation of the corresponding unsaturated aldehydes, and methods for making and using the catalyst compositions. The catalysts include compositions of the formula: MoaVbAlcXdYeOz wherein X is at least one element selected from W and Mn; Y is at least one element selected from Pd, Sb, Ca, P, Ga, Ge, Si, Mg, Nb, and K; a is 1; b is 0.01-0.9; c is 0<0.2; d is 0<0.5; e is 0<0.5; and z is an integer representing the number of oxygen atoms required to satisfy the valency of the remaining elements in the composition. Using the catalyst composition of the present invention, one may effectively oxidize the desired starting materials at relatively high levels of conversion, selectivity, and productivity, and with minimal side products.

Abstract: A process for the production of alpha-beta unsaturated carboxylic acid with high yield at low temperature and atmospheric pressure, includes two stages for catalytic vapor-phase oxidation of olefins with molecular oxygen.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the manufacture of a dialkylaminoalkyl (meth)acrylate by transesterification of methyl or ethyl (meth)acrylate with an amino alcohol. The transesterification catalyst is chosen from tetrabutyl, tetraethyl and tetra(2-ethylhexyl) titanates. The reaction is carried out in a stirred reactor at 90-120° C., after which the crude reaction mixture is sent to a tailing column (C1), the flow from the top of this column is sent to a topping column (C2) and the flow from the bottom of this column si then sent to a final rectification column (C3). A dialkylaminoalkyl (meth)acrylate of high purity is obtained in this way.

Abstract: A process that can be used to produce an acid anhydride or acid chloride is provided. The process comprises contacting a reaction medium with a catalyst. The reaction medium comprises at least one organic acid, combination of the organic acid and phosgene, combination of at least one organic anhydride and phosgene, or combinations of the organic acid, the organic anhydride, and phosgene. The reaction medium can further comprise a solvent. The catalyst is a Group IVB transition metal halide.

Abstract: A process for preparing saturated carboxylic acids having from 1 to 4 carbon atoms at a reaction temperature of from 100° C. to 400° C. and pressures of from 1.2×105 Pa to 51×105 Pa by gas phase oxidation of saturated and/or unsaturated C4-hydrocarbons, with an oxygen-containing gas and water vapor in the presence of at least one catalyst. The gas leaving the reactor is partly recirculated in a reaction gas circuit. This reaction gas circuit is configured such that part of the organic acids formed in the gas-phase oxidation is taken from the gas leaving the reactor so that the acid content of the recirculated part of the gas leaving the reactor is from 0.01% to 6.0% by volume.

Abstract: The invention relates to a polymer-supported carbonylation catalyst and its use in a process for preparing organic carboxylic acid or anhydride having n+1 carbon atoms. The invention relates also to a process for preparing organic carboxylic acid or anhydride having n+1 carbon atoms by carbonylating with monoxide, in the presence of the above-mentioned carbonylation catalyst, on alcohols having n carbon atoms, ethers having 2n carbon atoms or esters formed from said alcohols and acids. In particular, the invention relates to a process for preparing acetic acid by carbonylating methanol with carbon monooxide in the presence of said carbonylation catalyst. By using said carbonylation catalyst, the temperature for carbonylation can be lowered to about 160° C. with a reaction rate better than that of a traditional process, while the tendency of catalyst precipitation in the course of carbonylation can be improved also.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for stabilizing waste oil which is taken of each chemical apparatus of the manufacturing line of (meth)acryl acid and/or ester thereof, and treating the waste oil such as draining it out of the production apparatus, for example, a distillation tower from its bottom, sending and transporting it by a pump through a pipeline, and storing it in a storage tank in a simple manner while keeping the waste oil in a stable state. The waste oil can be stabilized by coexisting with solvent. The solvent used in the present invention is typically at least one selected from the group consisting of water, alcohol, ether, carboxylic acid, ketone, aromatic hydrocarbons, and aliphatic hydrocarbons.

Abstract: Compounds represented by formula (I), and pharmaceutically acceptacle salts thereof; and their method of preparation are provided. Compounds of the above formula are influenza virus neuraminidase inhibitors and can be used in treating patients infected with influenza virus.

Abstract: A method for preparing acetic acid and/or methyl acetate by simultaneous isomerization and carbonylation reactions. A reaction mixture is provided containing at least one reagent which provides formyl radicals and at least one further reagent which provides methyl radicals, together with water in an amount of at most 5% by weight, carbon monoxide at a partial pressure between 0.1·105 Pa and 25·105 Pa, a solvent and a catalytic system which contains at least one halogenated promoter and at least one iridium-based compound. In a typical reaction mixture, methyl formate is isomerized to form acetic acid according to the reaction: HCOOCH3CH3COOH while methanol undergoes carbonylation to form acetic acid according to the reaction: CH3OH+COCH3COOH The reagent which provides the formyl radicals is kept at or below 20% by weight of the reaction mixture, while the molar ratio of methyl radicals to formyl radicals in the mixture is greater than 1.