Abstract: The present invention improves input/output speed by multiplexing/demultiplexing data and also reducing the processing time required for interrupt handling. The present invention involves a process which requests input/output operation; an adapter which performs input/output operation based on the request from the process; and a scheduler which keeps the process in wait state while the adapter is performing input/output operation. When the input/output operation of the adapter is completed, the state of the process waiting for the completion of the operation is changed into “runnable” by the adapter, and the execution of the process which requested input/output operation is thereby restarted.

Abstract: A network (e.g., RSTP-based network) and method are described herein that can selectively eliminate latencies in the exchange of to-be-transmitted control messages (e.g., BPDUs) between bridges during the re/convergence of the network. The method includes a step of classifying to-be-transmitted control messages as either low-priority control messages or high-priority control messages. The method also has a step of limiting the transmission rate of the low-priority control messages in accordance with a traditional IEEE 802.1 RSTP. And, the method also includes a step of immediately transmitting the high-priority control messages that contain information that contributes to the re/convergence of the network.

Abstract: Methods and systems consistent with the present invention provide a mechanism for accepting extended amounts of data in a layered network protocol. The methods and systems thus allow the network protocol to more efficiently receive data and forward the data to the correct entity. As a result, the programs experience greater network data throughput. The methods and systems may be implemented in widely accepted Internet Protocol (IP) and Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) networks.

Abstract: A mobile station, and corresponding system and method, the mobile station including an IQ multiplexer configured to IQ multiplex transmission data for a data channel and control data for a control channel, and to generate a complex signal; and a transmitter configured to modulate the complex signal generated by the IQ multiplexer, and to transmit the modulated complex signal. When control data for a control channel are added, the IQ multiplexer is configured to assign the control data to be added to the Q axis when a set number for the data channel is an odd number, and to the I axis when an even number.

Abstract: A system protects against loss of communication during network attacks. In a first implementation, a system (120) models the behavior of normal users in a network in response to an application of a first packet filtering technique. The system (120) receives a group of packets from a first user subsequent to the application of the first packet filtering technique and creates one or more models reflecting the behavior of the first user based on the received packets. In another implementation, a system (130) receives a stream of packets subsequent to a filtering technique being applied, partitions the packets into groups, where each group corresponds to more than one packet, and classifies each group of packets as a normal group or an attack group using one or more models. Each model reflects a normal response to an application of the filtering technique. The system (130) forwards groups classified as normal groups, thus preventing network attacks from choking off all communication in the network.

Abstract: The present invention provides an apparatus and method for bandwidth control used in a network switch controller. The apparatus and method achieve the goals of simplifying circuits and controlling bandwidth precisely by simplification of counting operations required by bandwidth control and a design of dual counters.

Abstract: Systems and methods for transmitting packets and controlling packet flow are provided in wireless communication systems. A time stamping technique synchronizes timers/and clocks between one or more senders and receivers in a wireless communication system. Additionally, a global acknowledgement frame carries a plurality of acknowledgement messages, such as one for each services identification (SID).

Abstract: Systems and methods that identify the Upper Layer Protocol (ULP) message boundaries are provided. In one example, a method that identifies ULP message boundaries is provided. The method may include one or more of the following steps: attaching a framing header of a frame to a data payload to form a packet, the framing header being placed immediately after the byte stream transport protocol header, the framing header comprising a length field comprising a length of a framing protocol data unit (PDU); and inserting a marker in the packet, the marker pointing backwards to the framing header and being inserted at a preset interval.

Abstract: A method for estimating restoration capacity for a communication network includes a specified number of restoration paths, which can be maximally diverse from each other.

Abstract: In highly-available Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) routing in a network, the dynamic state of a backup OSPF instance in a router is synchronized with the dynamic state of an active OSPF instance using explicit message transmission from the active instance to the backup instance. After this, the dynamic state synchronization of the backup OSPF instance is maintained using a combination of explicit message updates from the active OSPF instance together with a message flow-through mechanism. In the event of fail-over of the active OSPF instance, then the router recovers seamlessly without reconfiguring or interrupting traffic among peer routers in the network, by functionally substituting the synchronized backup OSPF instance for the active OSPF instance, such that the backup OSPF instance establishes itself as the new active OSPF instance.

Abstract: A data transmission system is provided for transmitting a data signal between a server and a communications terminal over a transmission link having a variable bandwidth. The data signal is a scalable compressed multimedia clip comprising a sequence of images. Each image has a base layer and a number of enhancement layers. To cope with variability in the bandwidth, the sequence is re-ordered so that the base layers have greater safety times than the enhancement layers. This allows all of the base layers to arrive in time to be played at the expense of the enhancement layers.

Abstract: Techniques to regenerate a data signal for both synchronous and asynchronous modes of transmitting data signals.

Abstract: A packet receiving method may include receiving a packet having either a compressed header or a noncompressed header. A packet received with a compressed header is decompressed to regenerate a non-compressed header for the packet. Error detection is performed to detect the presence of an error in a packet: (1) received with a noncompressed header, (2) having a regenerated non-compressed header, or (3) having a replacement non-compressed header. Part of the non-compressed header, in a packet having a regenerated non-compressed header, is replaced with previously stored non-compressed header information, which is known to be correct, when an error is detected in the packet so as to produce a replacement non-compressed header. A packet is output as a correctly received packet when no error is detected in the packet.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus of managing a communication system, wherein a decision regarding a level of activity at a first end is made based at least in part on the level of activity at the second end. In one embodiment, the energy level of a first-end audio signal is measured. The first end is declared voice-active if the first-end energy level is greater than or equal to a first threshold value. The first end is declared voice-inactive if the first-end energy level is less than the first threshold value. To determine the value of the first threshold value, the energy level of a second-end audio signal is measured. If the second-end energy level is greater than or equal to a second threshold value, the second end is declared voice-active, in which case the first threshold is maintained at a relatively high level. If the second-end energy level is less than the second threshold value, the second end is declared voice-inactive, in which case the first threshold is maintained at a relatively lower level.

Abstract: A system and method for enabling a network switch to transmit queued packets to a device when opened by the device, and thus to utilize the Fibre Channel Arbitrated Loop (FC-AL) in full-duplex mode when possible. The switch may include a plurality of queues each associated with a device on the FC-AL for queuing incoming packets for the device. The switch may determine a next non-empty queue, open the device associated with the queue, and send packets to the device. The device may send packets to the switch concurrently with receiving packets from the switch, thus utilizing the FC-AL in full-duplex mode. When a device opens the switch to transmit packets to the switch, the switch may determine if there are packets for the device in the queue and, if so, send packets to the device concurrently with receiving packets from the device, thus utilizing the FC-AL in full-duplex mode.

Abstract: The data transmission rate on the reverse link in a mobile communications system is controlled by determining an interference level at a base station due to signals from all mobile stations served by the base station, and determining a transmission energy level required for each mobile station. The interference level is compared with the transmission energy level to obtain a comparison result for each mobile station, and each mobile adjusts its data transmission rate based upon the comparison result, which is sent via a common channel on a forward link to each mobile station in a dedicated manner. Thereafter, packet data is transmitted on the reverse link in accordance with the adjusting so that data throughput can be maximized.

Abstract: A method is described for routing network traffic based on distance information to provide multiple paths that need not have equal costs. The routing algorithm MPATH of the present method provide loop-free routing at every instant, without the need of internodal synchronization which spans more than a single hop. Paths are computed using shortest distances and predecessor information in the routing computation. The use of multiple-successors allows for load-balancing within the network. The algorithm is both distributed and scalable to large networks due to its use of only one-hop synchronization. A number of procedures are described by way of example, including path computation, main table updating, neighbor table updating, and a multipath (MPATH) algorithm.

Abstract: Financial reciprocal compensation is provided for a predetermined Quality of Service (QoS) managed service path including various providers in an internetwork (such as the Internet). A user requests access to one or more of the services or resources advertised by a portal that employ the predetermined QoS (such as digital multimedia or Internet telephony). After the request is validated, the portal transmits a request to a primary QoS regulation server to determine the path segments required to deliver the service at the predetermined QoS level. If capable segments are available, the primary QoS regulation server will setup QoS regulation in its domain and request QoS regulation from the QoS regulation servers managing any other required segments in other domains (e.g., networks). After completing the setup, the primary QoS regulation server replies back to the portal with a success indication and an identification of an entry point to the QoS-regulated path.

Abstract: A radio channel setting control method for communications between a base-station apparatus and a mobile-station apparatus in a mobile communications system employing a CDMA scheme comprising the steps of: a) determining whether or not a spread code used for the communications can be allocated; b) determining whether or not a predetermined hardware device can be allocated; c) determining whether or not a radio resource can be allocated; d) setting the radio channel between the base-station apparatus and mobile-station apparatus when it is determined that the spread code, predetermined hardware device and radio resource can be allocated.

Abstract: In a packet retransmission system for retransmitting a packet where a sequence number is added between the transmission apparatus and the reception apparatus at a loss of the packet in packet transmission, a transmission apparatus for transmitting the packet, a reception apparatus connected to the transmission apparatus through a network, and a requestor (application) connected to the reception apparatus are provided.