Abstract: A process for the regeneration of a selectable phenotype at a high frequency by interlocus recombination, in yeast cultures transformed with recombinant DNA constructs comprised of a gene whose product complements the selectable phenotype to be regenerated is disclosed. A sequence of steps is involved including; suspending together in rich media mutant yeast strains, plating onto presporulation agar, replica plating onto other agar media suitable for selection and growth of diploid cells, plating on sporulation agar or alternatively dissecting the asci, digesting the cells, growing the spores on minimal media, and screening for the desired phenotype.

Abstract: The present invention describes a shortened process for the production of beer, brewer's yeast strains having .alpha.-acetolactate decarboxylase activity (EC 4.1.1.5.), the method for the construction of such yeast strains and the recombinant DNA cloning vectors used. The method involves integrating the .alpha.-acetolactate decarboxylase gene into the ADC1 or PGK1 gene.

Abstract: DNA encoding modified soluble human CD4 fragments whose ability to bind to the HIV gp120 envelope protein is different from the ability of soluble human CD4 fragments; modified soluble human CD4 fragments having altered gp120 binding ability, methods of making such fragments and methods of using such fragments.

Abstract: Epidermal Growth Factor (EGF) is produced by recombinant DNA technology in Pichia pastoris yeast cells.

Abstract: The cloning of Schwanniomyces glucoamylase and alpha-amylase genes is taught. The genes are expressed in recombinant host cells.

Abstract: A process for the production of a fusion protein comprising an active portion of a chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT) protein and a polypeptide. The fusion protein may be purified using CAT substrate affinity chromatography. The eucaryotic polypeptide may be calcitonin or a dervative thereof such as calcitonin-glycine. Other polypeptides described include enzymes such as chymosin, prochymosin and preprochymosin, hormones such as ACTH, insulins, and growth hormones and antigenic polypetides such as foot and mouth disease virus antigenic polypetide. The fusion protein may be cleaved at a site susceptible to selective enzymic or chemical cleavage to produce free polypeptide. The fusion protein may be used as an immunogen.

Abstract: Yeast promoters of glycolytic enzymes are modified by isolating a fragment encompassing the RNA polymerase binding site and joining to the 5' end of this fragment a DNA sequence providing for enhanced inducible or constitutive transcription of a structural gene. Constructs are prepared for efficient expression of foreign genes in yeast.Yeast strains 2150-2-3 (pC1/1GAPSOD) and AB110 (pC1/1GAPATi9), producing human .alpha..sub.1 -antitrypsin and superoxide dismutase, were desposited at the A.T.C.C. on May 9, 1984 and given Accession Nos. 20708 and 20709, respectively; and 2150-2-3 (GAP5), 2150-2-3 (Pyk5) and 2150-2-3 (PHO5GAP1), expressing Hepatitis B surface antigen, were deposited at the A.T.C.C. on May 9, 1984 and given Accession Nos. 20705, 20706 and 20707, respectively.

Abstract: Improved secretion of heterologous proteins by hosts such as yeast by using promoters of at most intermediate strength with heterologous DNA secretion signal sequences is disclosed. A promoter of at most intermediate strength, such as the actin (ACT) or iso-1-cytochrome c (CYC1) promoter in S. cerevisiae is operatively linked to a DNA signal sequence, such as the Mf.alpha.1 signal sequence. A DNA sequence for a selected protein, such as somatomedin C (SMC), tissue plasminogen activator (TPA) or tumor necrosis factor (TNF), may be operatively linked to the DNA signal sequence.

Abstract: The gene encoding an alpha-galactosidase from guar seed has been isolated and identified. It has been expressed in yeasts, e.g. Saccharomyces, Kluyveromyces and Hansenula, in bacteria, e.g. Bacillus, and in plants, e.g. Nicotiana. The resulting alpha-galactosidase is able to decrease the galactose content of galactomannans such as guar gum by splitting off 1-6 linked alpha-D-galactopyranosyl units attached to a main chain of 1-4 lined beta-mannopyranosyl units. Thus a commercially feasible process becomes available for producing alpha-galactosidases suitable for providing galactomannans having improved properties, which can meet the increasing demand for good quality polysaccharides. It has further been demonstrated that other alphagalactosidases, which show a positive immunological cross-reaction with an antibody raised against the alpha-galactosidase with an antibody raised against the alpha-galactosidase from guar, are also effective in decreasing the galactose content of galactomannans such as guar.

Abstract: Novel DNA's encoding variants of TNF which comprise substitutions and/or deletions in the n-terminal portion of the TNF polypeptide resulting in enhanced cytotoxic activity are taught.

Abstract: Immunotherapeutic methods for the treatment of patients infected with the AIDS virus are described. T lymphocytes which are histocompatible with the patient and specific for the AIDS virus are activated in vitro by exposure to AIDS virus-related epitopes. Activated T lymphocytes are expanded and inoculated into the patient in order to transfer T cell immunity directed against the AIDS virus epitopes.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel Bacillus thuringiensis transconjugant strains having improved insecticidal activity. The novel strains are produced by a combination of plasmid curing and conjugation of active strains.

Abstract: The present invention provides a vector for the expression of heterologous proteins in mammalian cells, wherein it contains at least one first consensus sequence is homologous to the ##STR1## in at least 10 nucleotides in total and including the first three thereof and at least one second sequence which in one of the 6th, 8th, 9th and 10th nucleotide, as well as in at least 9 nucleotides, is homologous to the sequence ##STR2## or in at least 10 nucleotides is homologous to the sequenceTATGATAATGAGor is homologous to the sequenceTGG(N).sub.6-7 GCCAA.

Abstract: A genetically marked strain of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae is characterized in that the mitochondrial (mt)DNA of the yeast has been rearranged by recombination. A method of producing such a strain is also disclosed.

Abstract: Process for transformation of Yarrowia lipolytica, vectors useful therefor comprising DNA of a microbial vector and chromosomal DNA of Y. lipolytica and transformants comprising said vectors in E. coli and Y. lipolytica, and integrative shuttle vectors for Escherichia-Yarrowia transgeneric cloning. Said vectors or subclones thereof enable creation of Y. lipolytica cloning vectors into which specific or random segments of DNA can be inserted and the resulting vectors used to transform a suitable host microbe, especialy Y. lipolytica, to improve the fermentation characteristics thereof and hence their industrial utilization.The methodology described permits the cloning of genes from a gene library of Y. lipolytica by complementation with an integrating vector.

Abstract: A yeast promoter inducible by the appropriate pheromone and a method of expressing a gene of interest in substantial quantities by placing it under the control of the inducible promoter. DNA encoding a protein of interest is fused or linked to a pheromone - inducible yeast promoter, such as the FUSI or the FUS2 promoter, and the fusion is inserted onto a high copy vector; the resulting product is introduced into wild type yeast cells. Stimulation of these yeast cells by the appropriate pheromone results in induction of transcription of the yeast promoter and expression of the protein of interest in substantial quantities.

Abstract: The invention relates to a DNA fragment containing at the most 315 pairs of nucleotides coding for a peptide which can be recognized by antibodies acting both against the "C" and "D" particles of the same poliovirus and against the VP-1 structural polypeptide of the capsid of this poliovirus. This peptide contains in particular the following sequence: Asp Asn Pro Ala Ser Thr Asn Lys Asp Lys Leu.

Abstract: The present invention provides a vector plasmid capable of efficient tumor necrosis factor (TNF) production, a process capable of efficient TNF production in a host transformed with said plasmid and a composition containing the TNF produced by said process.The novel plasmid of the present invention is characterized by having inserted therein a DNA fragment that has a phage-derived promoter region upstream of a structural gene for TNF and in which a DNA fragment containing an E. coli gene-derived transcription termination coding base sequence (terminator) is joined immediately downstream of a base sequence coding for the termination of translation of said structural gene.

Abstract: The present invention provides recombinant DNA sequences comprising a sequence which codes for human proapolipoprotein A-I wherein part of the natural coding sequence has been replaced by a DNA fragment coding for the same amino acids but consisting of a different nucleotide sequence such as to reduce or prevent formation of hairpins, cloning and expression vectors containing these DNA sequences, cell cultures or microorganisms transformed with these expression vectors and processes using the same for the production of proapolipoprotein A-I.

Abstract: A screening procedure is provided which utilizes a milk clotting assay for selecting supersecreting yeast cells for obtaining high yields of desired polypeptide products.Supersecreting yeast cells are provided as filed with American Type Culture Collection.Final polypeptide products are obtained from mutant yeast strains which have been screened as to secreting properties with supersecreters then cultured to obtain high yields.