Abstract: Application of a positive displacement pump to the pumping of helium at very low temperatures. Positive displacement pumps, formed from mobile components (35, 36), which deliver gas volumes to pumping chambers, have the advantage of operating under satisfactory conditions for significant temperature, pressure and gas flow rate variations. They are therefore preferred as compared with the hitherto used centrifugal pumps and have means enabling them to operate at very low temperatures.

Abstract: A method of producing nitrogen is a single column nitrogen generator in which first and second coolant streams are used to condense nitrogen-rich tower overhead to provide reflux for the distillation column. One of the coolant streams is composed of liquid having a higher nitrogen content than oxygen-rich liquid produced in a bottom region of the distillation column. This coolant stream is compressed, cooled and recycled to the bottom of the distillation column in order to increase nitrogen recovery.

Abstract: A Stirling cycle type cold air generating device comprising a Stirling module having a module cylinder and a module piston disposed in the module cylinder to be vertically reciprocated, a magnetic pole piston extending downwardly from a lower end of the module piston, the magnetic pole piston being moved integrally with the module piston, a pump cylinder disposed beneath a module cylinder of a module and isolated therefrom, and a pump piston disposed in the pump cylinder to be vertically reciprocated, the pump piston defining an upper pumping chamber for pumping the heat transfer medium and a lower pumping chamber for pumping the brine in the interior of the pump cylinder. The magnetic pole piston and the pump piston are magnetically connected by means of a magnetic coupling disposed around both the module cylinder and the pump cylinder to move vertically therealong.

Abstract: A refrigerated environment for multiple laser sources and/or sensors which provides the same thermal conditions in a single cold-cycle refrigerator for the sensors and sources. A mounting structure which comprises a cold-head assembly accomodating plural sensors or sources and positions them for radiation transfer with the ambient while they are held at consistent temperature relationships for efficient operation.

Abstract: A railway car train includes five railway car units comprising two end units and three intermediate units. Each end unit is configured for coupler connection to conventional railway cars. The car units are connected to each other by articulated connections wherein the ends of adjacent car units are supported on a single truck. Mating male and female side bearing arm structures are provided on adjacent ends of car units. The end structures of the car units have reinforcement structures to support side bearing arms in either the male or female configuration so that a single design of end structure may be used for either a male or a female configuration. The end structures are provided with offset shear plates having an elevated center portion to allow clearance for large-wheeled trucks while keeping the side structures of the car low enough to provide clearance for unloading the car unit.

Abstract: A water producing-air conditioning system comprises a water producing apparatus which adsorbs moisture in the ambient air on an adsorbent or absorbent and evaporates water adsorbed on the adsorbent or absorbent by heating it and condenses steam to obtain water;a heat-exchanger which heat-exchange the ambient air with a hot dry air discharged from said water producing apparatus during adsorbing moisture on the adsorbent or absorbent; andan evaporation-cooling apparatus for forming a cold wet air by evaporating water and cooling it by contacting water with a dry air at the ambient temperature passed through said heat-exchanger.The hot air heated by said heat-exchanger or the cold air obtained from said evaporation-cooling apparatus is utilized for the air conditioning. The system can be used for comfortable living in a severe condition such as a desert by the effective combination of the evaporation-cooling apparatus with the water producing apparatus under utilizing heat-exchange in high efficiency.

Abstract: A refrigeration type air conditioning apparatus employing a heat transfer medium for use in a vehicle having a large passenger area, comprising a vehicle engine driven compressor and a pair of electric motor driven compressors, all of which are connected to a pair of condenser coils via a discharge manifold and to a split evaporator coil via a suction manifold while each of the condenser coils is connected to one half of the evaporator coil via an expansion valve.