Abstract: An intake heating apparatus of an internal combustion engine, comprising a hollow heater vessel which is placed in an intake passage of the engine and which comprises an inner pipe, an outer pipe in which said inner pipe is press-fitted, a PTC element holder located between the inner and outer pipes for holding peripherally spaced PTC elements, and an annular elastic electrode located between the PTC elements and the outer pipe. The PTC element holder has holes in which the PTC elements are held. The lower edges of the holes are off-set from the lower end of the elastic electrode.

Abstract: Vehicle fuel conditioning apparatus is provided for improved combustion of hydrocarbon fuel tending to acquire an electrostatic charge during vehicle tank storage which charge inhibits full atomization of the fuel when mixed with air for combustion, the apparatus comprising magnetic flux means, such as magnet means on the fuel supply line of the vehicle between the fuel storage tank and an air and fuel mixer and atomizer: a plurality of axially extended and preferably annular magnet means; and a bracket maintaining said magnet means paraxial and preferably coaxial with said fuel line, the magnet means defining an axially extended flux condition in hydrocarbon fuel within the fuel line, the flux condition being adapted to strip electrostatic charge from fuel passing therethrough in subsequent fuel atomization facilitating relation, whereby fuel combustion is improved.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine is provided with a system for heating the intake manifold and for the partial recirculation of the exhaust gas.

Abstract: A heating arrangement for preheating combustion air flowing through an intake manifold of an internal combustion engine, the heating arrangement including a pot-shaped housing forming a combustion chamber into which an ignition device and a fuel injection nozzle project. A shut off valve controls an inflow of fuel and a shield sheet serves to shield the combustion flame. The pot-shaped housing is located in a flow path of the combustion air and is covered on its open side by a holder. The holder is fastened to the intake manifold and supports the ignition device, fuel injection nozzle, and shut off valve. The housing includes openings in an upstream wall portion from which the shield sheet projects into the housing in a vicinity of the opening in such a way that the shield sheet separates the combustion chamber from the fuel injection nozzle chamber.

Abstract: An evaporative carburetor has a normally pressure-tight chamber which houses an evaporator tray to which a fuel supply delivers gasoline. A first air passage in the carburetor chamber communicates from a first, automatically-valved, air inlet to pick up gasoline particles and vapor from the evaporator tray. A second air passage communicates from the evaporator tray to a mixing region and includes a particle arrester. A heater maintains the evaporator tray and the second passage above a selected temperature. A second, externally-controlled, valved inlet feeds air to the mixing region, and a third air passage communicates from the mixing region to a throttled output port. An aqueous control liquid is injected into the air stream in the third passage.

Abstract: A cooling system for the fuel used in a diesel engine includes a closed fuel injection circuit and a fuel cooling circuit. The fuel injection circuit receives fuel through a suction pipe from a fuel tank and provides a continuously circulating flow of fuel. The fuel cooling circuit flows fuel from and back into the fuel tank. A heat exchanger is connected to both of the circuits and flows the fuel from the fuel injection circuit in indirect heat transfer relation with the fuel in the cooling circuit for removing heat from the fuel in the injection circuit.

Abstract: A fuel saving and pollution control device is connected in the vapor conduit between the crank case and the intake manifold of an internal combustion engine wherein vapors are drawn through the unit that includes a filter and a water condensing grid. The unit passes burnable vapors but removes large particulates, resins and high molecular weight materials. Water condensate collected after engine operation is injected to the intake manifold upon restart.

Abstract: A fuel supply system of an internal combustion engine, the system includes a vessel to provide fuel vapor and a nozzle to mix the vapor with air.

Abstract: An intake heating apparatus of an internal combustion engine, comprising a hollow heater vessel which is placed in an intake passage of the engine and which comprises an inner pipe, an outer pipe in which said inner pipe is press-fitted, peripherally spaced PTC elements located between the inner and outer pipes, and an annular elastic electrode located between the PTC elements and the outer pipe. The improvement comprises means for preventing the PTC elements from being broken when and after the inner pipe is press-fitted in the outer pipe.

Abstract: The diesel fuel heater is PTC energized and is for heating gelled diesel fuel to a liquid state so as to improve engine performance particularly for engine starting. The heater is compact and is preferably integrated in a fuel filter housing. The heater basically comprises a diesel fuel heater housing and a PTC mounting plate, both of which are mounted in the fuel filter housing over the filter element. A preferably annular fuel flow channel is defined between the heater housing and PTC mounting plate with the diesel fuel adapted to pass directly over the PTC thermistors as the fuel flows from housing inlet to the filter element. A spring biasing contact is disposed intermediate the heater housing and PTC mounting plate to retain the PTC thermistors in place.

Abstract: An apparatus for liquid supply in an internal combustion engine having a liquid chamber containing a liquid such as fuel, lubrication oil or the like and located at one side of an intake passage of the internal combustion engine, which liquid chamber is in communication with the intake passage through a delivery passage having a metering throttle interposed therein; and a heating means provided proximately to the throttle portion of the delivery passage.

Abstract: A fuel expander (10 ) is inserted into a heater hose (14), coolant is passed through tube member (12) to the heater inside the passenger compartment of the vehicle, or alternatively from the member (12) through diversion pipes (32), through valve (34), and back to the water pump on the engine. Fuel flows through a first expansion chamber (25), into a fuel expansion chamber (18), through a second expansion chamber (27) and then to the carburetor on the engine.

Abstract: An improved system for ventilating and utilizing crankcase vapors in an internal combustion engine uses an air pump for feeding air to both the first and second air flow circuits of the system such that air and crankcase vapors will be withdrawn from the engine crankcase to the first circuit and directed to the engine intake system, while air will be added to the crankcase from the second circuit. The air pump is connected to and driven by the engine such that feeding of air to the first and second circuits is regulated in direct proportion to the rpm of the engine.

Abstract: A fuel system of an internal combustion engine includes a heat exchanger through one side of which hot engine coolant is passed as a heating medium, and through the other side of which a mixture of fuel and air is passed. The heat exchanger has substantial heat exchanging surface area and the path of the fuel air mix through the heat exchanger is relatively long. A bypass is provided by which fuel and air may bypass the heat exchanger during cold engine operating conditions.

Abstract: A diesel fuel filter in which wax crystals that tend to clog the filter at low ambient temperatures are directly heated to melt the crystals, allowing them to pass through the filter. A low energy heating element is positioned adjacent the filter element in the region where wax normally accumulates. The heater melts the wax without significantly raising the temperature of the fuel.

Abstract: A system for improving the fuel economy of internal combustion engines comprises a thermostatically controlled heater located in the fuel line between the fuel tank and the carburetor for heating the fuel to a temperature just below its vaporization temperature. This temperature is controlled to result in a more complete vaporization of the fuel upon entering the carburetor. Another part of the system supplies a fuel additive in the form of a xylene/oil mixture into the carburetor by way of the vacuum advance line to add approximately one ounce of the additive mixture to every fifteen to twenty gallons of fuel. Significant fuel economy has been realized along with a cooler exhaust temperature of the combustion products and a reduction in the amount of pollutants in the engine exhaust.

Abstract: A modular two-unit rotary piston mechanism, each unit having a rotor, and a common mainshaft having a pair of eccentrics which are rotatively offset by 120 degrees and which support the rotors; this module is especially useful in forming a triple engine by coupling a single unit rotor to the common mainshaft so that the eccentric of the single unit is rotatively offset 120 so degrees from both eccentrics of the two-unit module.

Abstract: A fuel heater having a fuel passage through the heater and heated means as a part of the heater with a valve movable between first and second positions, the valve at the first position directing the fuel through a first path in heat receiving relationship with the heated means and at the second position directing substantially all the fuel through a second path away from the heated means so that the fuel is not substantially heated and movable temperature responsive means responsive to the temperature of the fuel in the heater for moving the valve means between the first and second positions, valve means directing portions of the fuel through both said paths when between said first and second positions.

Abstract: An ultrasonic transducer is provided substantially at the hot spot in an engine manifold for vaporizing the fuel from the carburetor prior to entry of the fuel-air mixture into the cylinders. The transducer comprises a crystal adapted to be vibrated at a high frequency on the order of at least 1,000,000 Hz and a resonator tuned to the frequency of the crystal and operatively secured to the crystal, said transducer having an active surface adapted to be contacted by the fuel for finely vaporizing same. The fine vaporization or gasification of the fuel (gasoline, for example) prior to entry into the cylinders causes a more complete burning of the fuel. As a result, the engine delivers more power with less fuel, while carbon monoxide and hydrocarbon emissions are reduced.In operation, the ultrasonic transducer enhances cold weather startup and operation, eliminates engine flooding, smooths out engine idle, and improves pick up and acceleration by increasing power at low engine RPM.

Abstract: A combined cooling and heating system for an internal combustion engine. The system includes a cooling jacket that cools the cylinder block and which discharges through a thermostatically controlled valve into a coolant sump having upper and lower outlets. The lower outlet discharges into a heating jacket for the induction system so as to provide induction system heating that is relatively independent of the engine speed. The upper sump outlet discharges into the cylinder head cooling jacket.