Abstract: An internal combustion engine (1) includes a supplemental fuel passage (26, 27) which connects the carburetor (9) to the exhaust chest cover (28). A supplemental air inlet having a metering orifice (36) and passage (35) connects to the supplemental fuel passage. The resultant air-fuel mixture is heated before entry into the combustion chamber by passing the mixture through a heating passage (32) directly in front of the exhaust ports (13). When the engine is at idle with a completely closed throttle valve (19), the entire air-fuel supply for the engine is provided through the supplemental fuel and air passages and is heated in the heating passage prior to combustion. At increasingly open throttle, air-fuel is increasingly provided from the conventional primary carburetor output, with the heated air-fuel mixture being supplied in gradually decreasing amounts.

Abstract: A heating system for a dual-mode vehicle, such as a bus equipped with both electrical and internal combustion engine drive systems, is provided with an electrically powered heat exchanger and an auxiliary fuel heater serially connected in the engine cooling water flow line. The electric heat exchanger provides a non-polluting source of heat for the vehicle's interior within electrified portions of the drive route. The auxiliary heater supplies heat when the vehicle is standing (i.e., parked) with the engine shut off in non-electrified portions of the route. An electric water pump is also connected in series with the electric and fuel heaters. During periods of electric drive operation, the electric heater is activated when the engine cooling water temperature falls below a predetermined level even if no heat is required for the vehicle interior.

Abstract: A coating of viscous lubricant, such as silicone, is applied to the inner surface of a vehicle windshield after the onset of vehicle impact with an obstacle exceeding a predetermined level. The coating provides a lubricant film between the pieces of the fractured inner layer of the windshield and the head of an occupant should the occupant engage and fracture the windshield.

Abstract: A blow-by gas passage system for an internal combustion engine of the V-type wherein longitudinally spaced passages are formed on each side of, and parallel to, the cylinders in each cylinder bank. Corresponding passages formed in each cylinder head allow for communication between the crankcase and a cavity formed in the space between the two banks of cylinders. An oil separator with a plurality of baffles arranged in a labyrinth-type fashion is mounted on top of the cylinder block and over the collection cavity. An intake manifold is mounted atop the oil separator and has an internal passage formed therethrough corresponding to the exit port of the oil separator. The other end of the intake manifold internal passage is fitted with a PCV-valve which is attached to a pipe leading to the engine air inlet passages of the intake manifold.

Abstract: A fuel-vapor emission control system has a canister having a vacuum operated purge control valve, communicated with a float chamber of a carburetor and a fuel tank for purging fuel-vapor. A vacuum chamber of the vacuum operated purge control valve is communicated with a port provided in the carburetor so as to apply manifold vacuum to the vacuum chamber at partial-throttle operation. Parallel purge lines are provided for communicating the canister with an intake manifold of the engine. A solenoid operated valve is provided in one of the purge lines for controlling the purging of the fuel-vapor. The solenoid operated valve is opened for the purging by a signal from a vehicle or engine speed sensor under such conditions that the engine does not stall.

Abstract: A gasoline preheater has a hot fluid chamber, preferably a hot water chamber, with an inlet and outlet. A gasoline chamber is disposed in heat exchanging contact with the hot fluid chamber, and also has an inlet and outlet. A thermostat has a heat sensing element in communication with the gasoline chamber. The thermostat also has a valve element communicating with the hot fluid chamber. The foregoing arrangement is so as to allow an increased hot fluid, usually hot water from a hot water cooling system of a typical gasoline engine, to flow through the hot fluid chamber in response to a decrease in temperature of gasoline in the gasoline chamber. The gasoline preheater is used in combination with a gasoline engine having a hot fluid system, typically a hot water cooling system, a carburetor, and a source of pressurized fuel, typically a fuel pump.

Abstract: The air intake neck comprises a body 1 in two semi-shells 1a, 1b which define a mixing chamber 2 onto which open a cold air conduit 3 and a hot air conduit 7 which communicate with an outlet conduit 12 for the mixed air mixed in the mixing chamber 2. The hot air conduit 7 is separated from the mixing chamber 2 by a thermostatically adjusted flap 9 which is controlled, through a linkage 21, 26, 27, by a thermometric sensor 17. The latter is connected to the body 1 and provided in a position in which the mixed air flows thereover. The linkage comprises transmission elements 21, 26, 27 which are exclusively mounted in translation in the body 1 and include at least one motion direction changing device 27.

Abstract: A closed circuit vapor system wherein liquid is introduced to an ultrasonic transducer in a vaporizing chamber where it is vaporized and drawn into a preheater chamber and then drawn off by a pump and recirculated back to pass through the heater chamber. In one embodiment, it jets through a venturi to draw off more vapor from the vaporization chamber for heating and recirculation. The dry vapors are drawn off only as needed to meet the engine demands.

Abstract: An evaporating pressure regulating device is provided, more in particular for evaporating fuel of a combustion engine for both controlling the temperature and pressure of the fuel comprising an inlet conduit, a pressure reducing device and an outlet conduit. The outlet conduit comprises a heater/evaporator provided downstream of the reducing device, and the device further comprises a control member, a controllable injection member for liquid fuel provided downstream of the heater/evaporator and at least one temperature sensing device. The injection member is controlled by the control member. The temperature sensing device is setting the control member.

Abstract: A manually operated light source powered by one or more piezoelectric crystals, with supporting apparatus including hammer and anvil means to apply high impact pressure of 7,000 psi and more to the crystal so that a high impulse voltage of very short duration is produced, with means to transmit the voltage to gas filled discharge tube to produce light. The hammer and anvil may be driven by gravity or by mechanical means.

Abstract: A method for converting a retrograde substance from a liquid to a gaseous state comprising bringing the substance to a defined initial state of pressure and volume, and relaxing to a defined final state. The defined states correspond to regions on the pressure-volume diagram of the substance, the initial state lying to the lower volume side of a boundary defined by the branch of the critical isentrope lying to the greater pressure side of the critical point, and by the stability limit of the substance. The final state lies to the greater volume side of this boundary.

Abstract: An intake air heating system for an internal combustion engine having an air cleaner of the temperature regulating type has a heating chamber to heat intake air sufficiently. The heating chamber is formed by bulging partially a heat insulating plate around an exhaust manifold of the engine. A heated-air induction pipe extends from the interior of the heating chamber to the air cleaner.

Abstract: In a method and device for heating fuel for internal combustion, especially diesel, motors, the fuel is heated in a heat exchanger as a result of heat exchange with the cooling water and the lubricating oil of the motor. The heat exchanger comprises three circuits combined in a bundle of parallel channels.

Abstract: An air ionizer for installation in the air intake path of an internal combustion engine, to introduce ozone and other oxidizing agents into the engine with acceptable levels of air flow restriction and at a sufficient concentration level to substantially improve combustion within the engine. A glass tube is filled with an inert gas and has an inner electrode extending a short distance into an end of the tube. A foraminous copper outer electrode substantially surrounds the glass tube and is slightly spaced apart from it. A high voltage is applied between the inner and outer electrodes, so that when air flows past the tube, ozone and other oxidizing agents are generated between the outer surface of the tube and the outer electrode, and escape into the air stream through the holes in the outer electrode.

Abstract: A four stroke internal combustion engine comprising a cylinder block in which is formed a cylinder bore, a piston arranged for reciprocation within the cylinder bore, a cylinder head mounted on the cylinder block and having a conical valve seat embodying inlet and exhaust ports, a conical valve complementary with the valve seat and embodying port hole means via which the inlet or exhaust ports are arranged to communicate with the cylinder bore consequent upon predetermined rotary movement of the valve, and valve rotating means operative to produce at appropriate times during the engine cycle, predetermined rotary movement of the valve in one direction so as to place the inlet port in communication with the cylinder bore via the port hole means or predetermined rotary movement of the valve in the opposite direction so as to place the exhaust port in communication with the cylinder bore via the port hole means.

Abstract: In the specific embodiment described herein, a rotary valve for the gas exchange of an internal combustion engine has a rotary member and a housing and a series of circumferential dry-bearing gas-sealing rings and dry surface seals arranged to block leakage between adjacent passageways in the valve member and the housing.

Abstract: A device for increasing the fuel efficiency in an internal combustion engine having a fuel supply conduit connecting a fuel supply and a carburetor, a hollow housing disposed in fluid communication with the fluid supply conduit between the fuel supply and the carburetor or firing chambers. A heat source, such as a heating element is mounted within the tubular member for heating the fuel flowing through the hollow housing. While flowing through the housing, the fuel is in intimate contact with metallized pellets of a metal, such as a noble metal deposited on a substrate. The pellets are disposed within the housing. In an alternate embodiment, hereof, two types of catalyst are disposed within the housing, one richer in metal content than the other. In practicing the present invention, the fuel passes through the housing and issues therefrom at a temperature less than 100.degree. C.

Abstract: An intake manifold structure for a multi-cylinder engine having first and second independent mixture generators such as carburetors and first and second intake manifolds communicating the mixture generators to respective plural cylinders. A control gas passage and a treating gas passage are provided for introducing a control gas such as return flow exhaust gas, an additional pulse of air or the like, and a treating gas such as crankcase blow-by gas to the manifolds. The control gas passage is arranged to open into the interiors of respective diverging portions of the intake manifolds. The treating gas passage is arranged to open to the interiors of any other portions, avoiding the diverging portions, of the intake manifolds.

Abstract: A fuel preheating apparatus and method for use in conjunction with an internal combustion engine including a preheater wherein a flow of fuel to be heated is maintained in juxtaposition to a pair of selectively operable heat sources, one of which is a flow of engine coolant. An additional heat source is provided to heat the flow of engine coolant through the preheater to thereby provide engine block warming during extended periods of engine shutdown.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a device for use in conjunction with internal combustion engines, to be located between the carburetor and between the manifold of the engine, comprising a cylindrical member wherein there is provided a plurality of vanes starting at an angle of about zero degrees at the inlet and which are bent to an angle of about 90.degree. at the outlet, said vanes meeting near the outlet at the axis of the cylinder, which is optionally provided with means for applying a high voltage (about 2000 V to 10,000 V) to the droplets of the fuel mixture. Similar devices can be used for improving the power output of burners and the like.