Abstract: A gauge is described for measuring the gas pressure in high pressure gas cylinders. The gauge is mounted in the high pressure port of the cylinder valve, while gas is delivered through a lower pressure portion. The gauge comprises a cylindrical housing and a retaining nut, with the housing rotatable relative to the retaining nut. The cylindrical housing encloses a coiled bourdon tube which communicates with the gas in the cylinder and coils up or uncoils in response to changes in pressure. A viewing glass encloses a pointer and scale arrangement seated in the housing to permit the gas cylinder pressure to be displayed.

Abstract: A differential pressure sensor comprises a pair of bourdon tubes disposed in an arrangement wherein deflections of the two bourdon tubes resulting from fluid pressures connected thereto take place in two opposite directions and the deflective extremities of the two bourdon tubes are linked to one another by a linkage, which linkage is coupled to a transducer that converts the displacement of the linkage to an electrical parameter such as the ohmic resistance, capacitance, reluctance, or resonance frequency as a measure of differential values between two pressures respectively connected to the two bourdon tubes.

Abstract: A measuring rod carrying a plurality of temperature sensors distributed over its height is placed in such a way that at least its lower part is embedded in the product of which the height is to be measured. Signals produced by the sensors and representing the temperatures in the locations of the various sensors on the rod are picked up and the variation in time of the picked-up signals is monitored in order to identify the lowest situated sensor which delivers a signal of which the variation is higher than a predetermined threshold.

Abstract: A machine is presented for measuring normal and tangential belt forces as well as the grinding friction force all versus the angular position for abrasive belt grinding. Normal and tangential force transducers, having the same surface shape and surface finish as the contact pulley, are assembled in the contact pulley. The instrumented contact pulley is used as a driving or driven pulley. A variable speed D.C. motor rotates the driving pulley. A cylindrical workpiece is driven by a variable speed A.C. motor through a torque sensor. The torque sensor determines the grinding friction force between the workpiece and the belt. The A.C. motor-torque sensor assembly is mounted on a carriage plate which slides on two rails with linear bearings. Means are provided for applying a predetermined belt tension and means are also provided for applying a workpiece grinding normal force.