Abstract: There is provided a system and method for determining the existence of metal ion oxidation degradation in an implanted pacing lead. A micro-vibration driver, preferably operating at a sonic frequency matched to an ultrasound detector, is used to vibrate the proximal end of a stylet that has been inserted into the lumen of a bipolar lead. The shaking of the stylet causes flexural waves to be propagated along the stylet, which in turn flex the lead inner conductor and the insulation between the inner and outer conductor. If metal ion oxidation is present in the insulation, the shaking causes generation of a noise signal which is detectable across the conductors along with the electrogram. The presence of such a noise signal is correlated with the output of the driver, i.e., with the vibration of the lead, to indicate when MIO degradation is present. An ultrasound imaging detector can be used to determine the location of the MIO degradation along the length of the lead.

Abstract: A system for non-destructively inspecting or testing for faults or damage in or beneath the surface of structures, such as debonds or delaminations in composite materials, or cracks, broken stringers, delaminations and the like in structures. High energy acoustic impulses are focused onto a sample point or local area for vibrationally exciting the surface of the structure under inspection. A laser Doppler camera system directs a laser beam onto the excited area and derives from reflected light energy information including time domain signals. A Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) is constructed for each sample point and an analysis made to set aside FFTs deviating from a preselected standard which represent damaged or other anomalous areas. The remaining FFTs represent an average or statistical FFT spectrum of the undamaged or fault-free area. The average FFTs and the deviating FFTs are then subtracted to provide a clear and unambiguous signal of the fault and other anomalous areas in the structure under test.

Abstract: Sensor provided with a thin membrane, capable of storing electrical charges, whose surface is in contact with the chemical, biological, and/or other physical parameters to be measured. The membrane is part of an electromechanical resonance circuit, operating with propagating acoustic waves. Provision is made opposite the membrane for converters, equipped with interdigital structures, to act as transmitter and receiver for the propagating acoustic plate waves. Each of the converters is equipped with interdigital structures that act as narrow band, filters. The transmitter converter and the receiver converter is arranged with a distance between them. The signal from the receiver converter is detected capacitively. A suitable electronic control and evaluation circuit or feedback is provided in addition between the output signal of the receiver converter and the transmitter converter.

Abstract: New physical principles are used to determine the number of inventory goods on a store's display shelves. One principle involves transmitting waves (mechanical, sound or ultrasound) thru an unknown number of goods resting on an insulated plate. Another principle to determine the unknown mass is the inertial response caused by mechanical vibration. By measuring the reflected waves or response time, a computer or processor can determine the steady state condition. For the absorption method, the device receives waves and determines when the phase angle difference (between the transmitter's wave profile and the receivers' average wave profile) is zero. This zero phase angle means a standing wave exists in the insulated plate and its goods. By subtracting the intensities of the waves (transmitter minus receivers' average) the total absorption energy can be determined.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a high density integrated ultrasonic phased array transducer and method for making. The high density integrated ultrasonic phased array includes a backfill material having an array of holes formed therein. Each of the holes are separated a predetermined distance apart from each other and have a predetermined hole depth. Each of the holes contain a conducting material deposited therein forming a high density interconnect with uniaxial conductivity. A piezoelectric ceramic material is bonded to the backfill material at a surface opposite the array of conducting holes. Matching layers are bonded to the piezoelectric ceramic material. The surface opposite the array of conducting holes is cut through a portion of the matching layers, the piezoelectric ceramic material, and the backfill material, forming an array of isolated individual elements each having multiple electrical connections therein.

Abstract: Apparatus is disclosed for providing one hundred percent inspection of natural gas mains under operating flow conditions. The apparatus includes a scan unit assembly which is inserted into the gas main to collect data for the production of graphic images of the wall of the gas main. The scan unit includes a plurality of scan rollers, each containing an ultrasonic transducer, which traverse the surface of the wall defining the inner diameter of the gas main. The ultrasonic transducers transmit interrogating pulses into the wall of the gas main at a pre-determined spaced apart interval resulting in a helical scan pattern of interrogating pulses. The return pulses from the surfaces defining the inner diameter and outer diameter of the gas main and any imperfections and/or flaws within the wall of the main are received by the transducer and transmitted to a display unit for a visual indication (a tomograph) of the wall of the gas main.

Abstract: A new method of Acoustic Holography permits moving 3-D scenes by replacing a fixed film record of an interference pattern with a "live interference pattern" which is continuously altered by the information on a rotating CD.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for obtaining information relating to the eating quality of meat. The meat under test may include a hot or cold meat carcass, raw or cooked meat or live animal. The method includes the steps of injecting an acoustic signal into the meat, monitoring the effect of the meat on at least one characteristic of the acoustic signal propagated into the meat, and applying the monitored effects to a predetermined algorithm relating eating quality to monitored acoustic effects to indicate the eating quality of the meat under test. The acoustic probe assembly of the apparatus includes a pair of arms adapted for insertion into a meat carcass. The arms carry respective means for coupling acoustic signals into and receiving signals from the carcass. Further, the arms include means for coupling the acoustic signals to the surface of a carcass and monitoring scattering of the acoustic signals to predict the eating quality of meat.

Abstract: A method for analyzing the vibration of a tire uniformity machine having a number of rotating components uses the signals from load cells when the machine idle to output voltage signals that are then amplified and input into a computer as unfiltered, amplified voltage signals. The signals are converted into a power spectrum and selected groups of frequencies and their amplitude are compared with acceptable amplitudes for the frequencies generated by various rotating parts of the machine. When at least one of the amplitudes for different frequencies is greater than at least one of the acceptable amplitudes for the frequencies generating different rotating parts of the machine, the computer outputs an alarm signal.

Abstract: A roll or tilt responsive switch includes a housing formed from an electrically conductive material and having an inclined face formed on the bottom to gradually rise concentrically outwardly substantially from the center of the bottom, and a header fixed to the housing to close its open end and having a through-aperture in which a terminal pin is fixed in an insulated relation. A contact is fixed to an end of the terminal pin located inside the housing and has a plurality of feather portions each having a predetermined elasticity and disposed concentrically with the terminal pin. An inertia ball is enclosed in the housing to be located substantially at the center in the housing in a normal position of the switch in a stationary state.

Abstract: In order to perform all-around inspection of vials in particular, it is proposed that said vials (1) be dynamically mounted in an air-cushion bearing (13) with bearing shells (21a, 21b), that they be rotated with the air of a suction cup (15) that is radially rubber-elastic, and that the vial walls be inspected with the air of a scanning device such as a line camera using working beam (29).

Abstract: An ultrasonic scan assembly for use in inspecting downhole gas pipes comprises a sensor section which rotates in relation to an end section that remains essentially level forming a rotating interface. The sensor section includes at least one ultrasonic transducer for transmitting interrogating pulses into a pipe wall and for receiving return pulses that are analyzed for determining the maintenance and repair needs of the gas pipe. Provided in the scan assembly is a rotary transformer for magnetically coupling signals, such as return pulse data or power, across the rotating interface of the scan assembly. The rotary transformer includes a primary winding on one section of the scan assembly and a secondary winding on another section of the scan assembly. The primary windings and secondary windings associated with respective sections of the scan assembly can be placed in parallel or concentric relationship.

Abstract: A position sensor for measuring the distance from a first position to a second position. The sensor may include an elastic wave generator, an acoustical path over which the elastic wave passes, and a transducer to which the wave passes. A measurement loop includes the acoustical path, and has electrical and optical elements. The electrical elements may compare the phases of the transducer signals from which the change in position between the first and second positions are determined. Alternatively, the measurement loop may comprise a feedback loop to produce oscillations and an output frequency. A frequency counter is included in the feedback loop to measure frequency.

Abstract: A method of continuously measuring the resistance of a track to transverse displacement comprises the steps of continuously advancing a dynamic stabilizer along the track, applying a power to the dynamic stabilizer to impart oscillations to the track extending transversely to the track in a horizontal plane, and recording a datum corresponding to the applied power as a correlated measurement value of the transverse track displacement resistance (QVW).

Abstract: An ultrasound signal processor for receiving an ultrasound signal from a testing body by a plurality of electro-magnetic transducer elements and processing a plurality of received signals to obtain information of the interior of the testing body is provided with analog-digital converters for sampling at least two of received analog signals, multipliers for multiplying the outputs of the analog-digital converters by first complex digital reference signals, first low-pass filters for limiting the signal bands of the outputs of the multipliers, first complex multipliers for multiplying the outputs of the first low-pass filters by second complex digital reference signals, adders for performing the addition of the outputs of the first complex multipliers for real signals and the addition thereof for imaginary signals, memory devices for storing the outputs of the adders, second complex multipliers for multiplying signals read from the memory devices by third complex digital reference signals, and second low-pass f

Abstract: A structure of a magnetostrictive shaft applicable to a magnetostriction-type torque sensor and a method for manufacturing the same can achieve a high torque sensitivity. A shaft parent material is made of a non-magnetic austenitic series metallic material (YHD50) and a magnetic thin film is made of a magnetostriction material such as Iron-Aluminum series alloy plasma spray coated on the whole outer peripheral surface of the shaft parent material. In a second embodiment, a mechanical working is carried out for the shaft material on the surface of which the magnetostriction material thin film is coated, the worked shaft material is heated under an inert gas atmosphere, and the heated shaft material is immersed into oil under the inert gas atmosphere to perform oil quenching.

Abstract: A shaker table (10) for testing and quality control of devices attached to the table is shown. The mounting table (20) has pneumatic exciters (50) attached thereto. The exciters (50) are attached to the mounting table (20) with a mounting bolt (128) and spacers (132, 132') that comprise an insulating material to inhibit thermal transfer between the device and the exciters (50) and between the mounting table (20) and the exciters (50). The mounting table (20) provides uniform distribution of forces applied by the pneumatic exciters (50). The forces are evenly distributed in all directions from the impact of the exciters on the mounting table. The mounting table (20) is supported on a foundation (2) by adjustable supports (4). The exciters are supplied with pressurized air from a source (12) through an airline (14).

Abstract: A measurement structure for determining the thickness of a specimen without mechanical contact but instead employing ultrasonic waves including an ultrasonic transducer and an ultrasonic delay line connected to the transducer by a retainer or collar. The specimen, whose thickness is to be measured, is positioned below the delay line. On the upper surface of the specimen a medium such as a drop of water is disposed which functions to couple the ultrasonic waves from the delay line to the specimen. A receiver device, which may be an ultrasonic thickness gauge, receives reflected ultrasonic waves reflected from the upper and lower surface of the specimen and determines the thickness of the specimen based on the time spacing of the reflected waves.

Abstract: The sonic or ultrasonic transducer includes a circular piezo-ceramic disk capable of generating radial oscillations, and a metal ring, which embraces in tight close fitting relationship the circumferential surface area of the disk to form a radial oscillator in conjunction with the disk. The sonic or ultrasonic transducer formed in this manner has an emission surface corresponding to the entire surface area of the piezo-ceramic disk and metal ring, and displays a radial resonant frequency which is lower than that of the piezo-ceramic disk.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for the inspection of ferromagnetic and non-ferromagnetic pipes, tubes or other cylindrical shell structures utilizing the magnetostrictive effect to detect defects such as corrosion pits, wall thinning, and cracks within the structure under evaluation. The apparatus and method constitute an active testing application, wherein 1) a transmitting coil element generates a mechanical pulse within a cylindrical shell structure through the magnetostrictive effect and a second coil detects reflected mechanical waves within the pipe, this by the inverse magnetostrictive effect, or 2) a single sensor functions as both transmitter and detector. The present invention also anticipates a passive monitoring application with a detection coil that continuously monitors ferromagnetic or non-ferromagnetic tubes, pipes, etc.