Abstract: A measuring apparatus for measuring a spectrum of extreme ultraviolet light that diverges from a divergent center point of an extreme ultraviolet light source, includes a spectrum measuring unit that includes a spectrometer and a detector that has a spatial resolution in a spectrum forming direction of the spectrometer, and a drive mechanism that makes the spectrum measuring unit movable relative to the divergent center point.

Abstract: A radiation detector for imaging a sheet-shaped beam (11) of ionizing radiation comprises an electron multiplication chamber (12) filled with a medium for electron multiplication; and a solid multichannel structure (14) arranged in the path of the sheet-shaped beam within the chamber, wherein the structure liberates electrons (16a) in response to being exposed to the radiation. An electron detecting means (17d) is provided for detecting the electrons spatially resolved to thereby image the sheet-shaped beam. The structure (14) is of a scintillating material, so that said the structure emits scintillating light in response to being exposed to the radiation; and detecting means (19–20) are provided for detecting scintillating light (18) emitted from the structure.

Abstract: A drift detector produces an indication of an occurred hit of a quantum in the detector element. For neutralising accumulated charge in the detector element, indications of occurred hits are used to trigger pulses of deliberately increased neutralisation current into the drift detector for the duration of a limited time interval. Alternatively such triggering may be based on the operation of a timer.

Abstract: A radiation image storage panel composed of a support, a phosphor matrix compound layer covering a surface of the support at a coverage percentage of 95% or more, and a stimulable phosphor layer (which is composed of multiple prismatic stimulable phosphor crystals standing on the phosphor matrix compound layer) formed on the phosphor matrix compound layer shows a high peel resistance between the support and the stimulable phosphor layer, and a high sensitivity, and gives a reproduced radiation image of high quality.

Abstract: An IR camera and a DV processing unit are disclosed which enable a user to use a standard DV recorder to record an IR film sequence and be able to play it back at a later time, and edit it, without using dedicated software. At the same time, the user has access to calibration data, enabling him the selection of data and processing of the film using dedicated software. This is achieved by including additional data related to the image processing in the signal, preferably in the part of the signal normally reserved for audio information.

Abstract: The invention pertains to mechanisms for protecting surfaces of optical components of an optical inspection system. One aspect of the invention relates to a gas purge system that produces a gas stream that blocks contaminants from reaching the optical surfaces of the optical components and that transports contaminants away from the optical surfaces of the optical components. Another aspect of the invention relates to a transparent cover that physically blocks contaminants from reaching the optical surfaces of the optical components. Yet another aspect of the invention relates to a combination of the gas purge system and the transparent cover.

Abstract: An image reading apparatus includes a casing having a side panel which has a cassette loading slot defined therein for loading a cassette therein. A stimulable phosphor sheet stored in the cassette loaded in the cassette loading slot is removed from the cassette and fed vertically downwardly along a first vertical feed path. Radiation image information recorded in the stimulable phosphor sheet is read by a reader. Thereafter, the stimulable phosphor sheet is stored back into the cassette, which is then delivered toward a cassette unloading slot by a sliding displacement mechanism. The stimulable phosphor sheet is removed again from the cassette, and fed along a second vertical feed path for an eraser to erase remaining radiation image information from the stimulable phosphor sheet.

Abstract: A scintillation detector apparatus comprising a filter disposed intermediate a scintillator and a detector, the filter being adapted to block relatively long wavelengths of light to reduce afterglow. The detector apparatus may, for example, be a part of a detector system such as a CT scanner, a RG system, or a geophysical measurement system.

Abstract: A non-dispersive infrared measuring arrangement for a multigas analyzer is described having a radiation source (10), a measuring chamber (20), a beam splitter (3), at least a first and a second detector unit (21, 22) both with at least two detectors (1a, 1b; 2a, 2b); and optical filters in radiation beam portions ending in said detectors. The detector units receive the reflected beam portions (RR) and the transmitted beam portion (RT). Both the first and second detector units (21, 22) have: at least one measuring detectors (1a, 1b) provided with an optical measurement filter (5a, 5b); and at least one reference detectors (2a, 2b) provided with an optical reference filter (6a, 6b). Alternatively, the first detector unit (21) has at least two measuring detectors (1a, 1b) each provided with an optical measurement filter (5a, 5b), and the second detector unit (22) has at least two reference detectors (2a, 2b) each provided with an optical reference filter (6a, 6b).

Abstract: A storage phosphor imaging system comprising: a source for producing stimulating radiation directed to a storage phosphor storing a latent image; a resonant microcavity converter for converting emitted radiation from the storage phosphor to radiation at a longer wavelength than the emitted radiation but with an angular intensity distribution that is substantially narrower than a Lambertian distribution; and a detector for detecting the longer wavelength radiation.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a pyroelectric infrared ray sensor fabricated by using MEMS processes, wherein an infrared ray absorption layer disposed on the most top portion of the infrared ray sensor assembly is formed with a silicon oxide film (SiO2) to exhibit an excellent absorption efficiency with respect to the infrared wavelength band of 8 to 12 mm and function as a protective film for a sensor pixel. In addition, an infrared ray absorption layer, support arms and posts are formed in a single body to allow the sensor assembly to be robust and fabricating processes to be remarkably reduced to increase a process yield.

Abstract: A system and method for providing spatial, temporal, energy-resolving detection of single photons using superconducting transmission lines.

Abstract: A multispectral selective reflection Lidar system generates alternating pulses of at least two wavelengths and senses returns for determining the presence of a predetermined material absorbing and reradiating one wavelength as selective reflections, but not the other. A detector can readily determine the presence or absence or an absorbing and reradiating return. The system is for preferred use as an orbiter sensor about a planetary body, such as a Jupiter moon, for determining the presence of organic material and for the relay of information back to earth.

Abstract: A receiver for data encoded as a series of symbols, each including a plurality of components such as the I and Q components of 16-QAM symbols or other multi-value multi-phase system. Each component denotes values for a plurality of bits. Probability calculation circuits 111-1 through 111-16 use the values of the components constituting each received symbol to calculate the probability that each one of the possible symbols was transmitted and received. Metric calculation circuits 112-1 through 112-4 calculate a bit metric for each bit denoted by the symbol. The bit metric represents the probability that the bit having a specified value was transmitted. The bit metric may be calculated by adding the probabilities calculated by the probability calculation for those possible symbols having a component denoting the specified value of the bit. For example, the sum of the probabilities of all symbols denoting a first bit value of zero gives the probability that a zero bit value was transmitted and received.

Abstract: A probe assembly for testing at least partially conductive elements has a dielectric base plate, a plurality of conductive supports on the base plate generally insulated from each other thereby, and each having a forwardly open socket having a forwardly concave socket surface, and a plurality of conductive contact rods, each having a substantially part-spherical rear ball end having an outer surface, and resting in a respective one of the sockets, and a forwardly directed front test end. According to the invention one of the surfaces is formed with at least one edge engaging only in line contact with the other surface. Thus, when the tips are engaged with conductive regions of an element to be tested, electrical connection can be made at the region of line contact between the contact rod and support.

Abstract: The system includes a digital integrator having a plurality of digital stages operable to store a numerical value in binary digital form which is indicative of state of charge. A switching circuit is provided for generating a series of voltage pulses on a single output line with each pulse corresponding in length to the binary digital value stored in the integrator to provide a time based resultant indication of the stored binary digital value. A filtering means is included to provide a substantially smooth analog output voltage having an amplitude corresponding to the summation of the pulses.The system preferably includes a delayed high voltage reset feature to set the integrator to a full charge state in response to voltage levels accompanying charging of the battery.

Abstract: An RF wattmeter is disclosed of the type using an "insertion-type" pick-up element to produce a voltage wave signal corresponding to the measured power in the coaxial transmission line. The induction loop in the pick-up element is connected to a principal detector, and a secondary detector is connected in opposition to the principal detector. Both detectors are located in close proximity to each other and are subject to the same thermal environment. A sine wave generator supplies a wave signal to the secondary detector in opposition to the wave signal supplied to the principal detector from the inductive loop. The d.c. portion of the resulting signal representing the difference between the opposed signals is integrated, and the integrated output is used as the amplitude in the generated sine wave. When the circuit is in balance, the integrated output matches the amplitude of the inductive wave form and can be used as an output indicating measured power in the coaxial transmission line.

Abstract: An in-circuit test apparatus having a vacuum chamber between a top plate and a base plate. The apparatus has an adjustable bearing block assembly located at each quandrant to provide a precision alignment between the top plate and the base plate. A continuous double-hollow tube is located in a uniform groove in the base plate and forms a seal when held captive between the top plate and the base plate. A plurality of spring probe pressure pins are mounted within the chamber. The pins project through drilled individual access ports in the top plate and make electrical contact with a printed circuit board under test when the top plate collapses under a vacuum.

Abstract: In order to determine the overall phase and amplitude distortion undergone by signals sent over a transmission channel, a pulse sequence generated at one end of the transmission channel is received at its other end at a first and a second input of a measuring instrument including, downstream of a receiving stage connected to the second input, regenerating circuitry for producing replicas of the original pulses. The latter are fed, along with the received distorted pulses, to a phase and amplitude comparator working into a spectral analyzer which displays the spectral-density difference between a received pulse and a replica of the corresponding transmitted pulse. The second input of the instrument may be connected to the output side or to the input side of an equalizer which supplies the received pulses to the first input thereof and whose parameters are to be adjusted on the basis of the measurements made.

Abstract: A system for measuring power in an electrical distribution circuit having at least three wires includes a Hall-effect generator directly coupled to one of the live wires of the circuit and current transformers coupled to the other live wires of the circuit. The output of each current transformer is magnetically linked to the Hall-effect generator. The excitation current for the Hall-effect generator is derived from the line potential between the live wires. The Hall-effect generator acts to produce an output whose magnitude is directly proportional to the product of the vector sums of the currents flowing in the live wires and the potential between the live wires. This power indicative output may be accumulated to produce an indication of energy consumed by a load connected to the live wires. A high frequency A.C. bias is applied to the Hall generator in order to linearize the output of the generator.