Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a method of treating or preventing mitochondrial diseases by administering 5-[[4-[2-[5-(1-hydroxyethyl)pyridin-2-yl]ethoxy]phenyl]methyl]-1,3-thiazolidine-2,4-dione or a salt thereof to a subject in need thereof. The disclosure also relates to 5-[[4-[2-[5-(1-hydroxyethyl)pyridin-2-yl]ethoxy]phenyl]methyl]-1,3-thiazolidine-2,4-dione for use in a pharmaceutical composition or in the manufacture of a medicament for the treatment or prevention of a mitochondrial disease.

Abstract: A method of treating late-onset congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency by individually tailored glucocorticoid regimen is provided. The method can be practically used to treat adult humans who suffer from symptoms of late-onset 21-hydroxylase deficiency caused by the mutation of the CYP21A2 gene. The method consists of daily intake of two glucocorticoids: dexamethasone in evenings and hydrocortisone in the mornings, in doses specially selected for each patient based on the analysis and monitoring of 17?-hydroxyprogesterone, progesterone, sex hormone-binding globulin, adre-nocorticotropic hormone, fasting glucose, hemoglobin A1C, C-Peptide, the Parathyroid Hormone intact, blood pressure, body weight. During glucocorticoid intake, in order to counterbalance ad-verse reactions, the patient should also take supplements of potassium, calcium, vitamin D and vitamin K.

Abstract: Provided herein is a pharmaceutical composition comprising (i) a phosphodiesterase inhibitor or an adenosine receptor antagonist, (ii) a calcium channel blocker, (iii) a histamine H1-receptor agonist, a histamine H2-receptor agonist, or a histamine H3-receptor antagonist, and (iv) a ?2-adrenoreceptor agonist; wherein at least one of two or more active pharmaceutical compounds is deuterium enriched. Also provided herein is a pharmaceutical composition comprising at least one of two or more deuterated compounds which increase pharmacokinetic half-life (increasing the duration of action) and reduce side effects by allowing for reduction of the dose levels. A method of use thereof pharmaceutical composition for treating, preventing, or ameliorating a cardiovascular disease.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a therapeutic agent for an ophthalmic disease comprising a vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) receptor inhibitor or an epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor inhibitor in a nanoparticle form, having a property to be retained in a posterior eye tissue when systemically administered.

Abstract: An oral pharmaceutical composition is provided that can comprise a rho kinase inhibitor, for example, fasudil, a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, a hydrate thereof, a prodrug thereof, a substituted derivative thereof, or a metabolite thereof, or any combination thereof, the rho kinase inhibitor having a bitter taste; and an ion exchange resin. The ion exchange resin can partially or fully mask the bitter taste of the rho kinase inhibitor, making the composition more palatable. The composition can comprise a solid dosage form, and/or a liquid dosage form. The solid dosage form can comprise a powder, granules, a tablet, or a capsule, or any combination thereof. The composition can be present, for example, in a unit dose, in an amount sufficient to treat a neurodegenerative disease. A method of treating the neurodegenerative disease with the oral pharmaceutical composition is provided. The method can ameliorate a symptom of a neurodegenerative disease.

Abstract: An 8-(3-bromobenzylideneamino)naphthalene-1,3-disulfonic acid compound, its synthesis, and its use as an antioxidant agent.

Abstract: Methods and compositions for treating 25-hydroxyvitamin D insufficiency and deficiency in a patient are described herein. The method includes orally administering to the patient a delayed, sustained release formulation including a first ingredient selected from the group consisting of 25-hydroxyvitamin D2, 25-hydroxyvitamin D3, or a combination of 25-hydroxyvitamin D2 and 25-hydroxyvitamin D3, or it includes gradually administering to the patient a sterile intravenous formulation including a first ingredient selected from the group consisting of 25-hydroxyvitamin D2, 25-hydroxyvitamin D3, or a combination of 25-hydroxyvitamin D2 and 25-hydroxyvitamin D3.

Abstract: Provided herein is a pharmaceutical composition comprising two or more compounds, wherein each compound is independently a phosphodiesterase inhibitor, an adenosine receptor antagonist, a calcium channel blocker, a histamine H1-receptor agonist, a histamine H2-receptor agonist, a histamine H3-receptor antagonist, or a ?2-adrenoreceptor agonist. Also provided herein is a method of treating, preventing, or ameliorating a cardiovascular disease in a subject, comprising administering to the subject in need thereof two or more compounds, wherein each compound is independently a phosphodiesterase inhibitor, an adenosine receptor antagonist, a calcium channel blocker, a histamine H1-receptor agonist, a histamine H2-receptor agonist, a histamine H3-receptor antagonist, or a ?2-adrenoreceptor agonist.

Abstract: The disclosure discloses a composition containing melatonin as an effective ingredient, and its application in improving DHI production performance and improving milk quality. The composition containing melatonin as an effective ingredient according to the present disclosure can significantly reduce the somatic cell count in milk and improve milk quality. Under the conditions of different seasons, ages, and lactation periods, the administration of the composition containing melatonin as an active ingredient according to the present disclosure can significantly reduce the somatic cell score of cow milk (p<0.01), increase the protein content and lactose content in milk, and meanwhile reduce the fat content and urea nitrogen content in milk. In summary, the composition containing melatonin as an effective ingredient according to the present disclosure can improve the quality of milk and increase the efficiency of dairy cow breeding.

Abstract: Pharmaceutical ocular compositions include levodopa, an antioxidant and an aqueous carrier. A wide selection of antioxidants can be included in the compositions, such as ascorbic acid, phenolic acids, sorbic acid, sodium bisulfite, sodium metabisulfite, acetyl cysteine, sodium thiosulfate, ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid, sodium nitrite, ascorbyl stearate, ascorbyl palmitate, alpha-thioglycerol, erythorbic acid, cysteine hydrochloride, citric acid, tocopherol or vitamin E, tocopherol acetate, dibutylhydroxytoluene, soybean lecithin, sodium thioglycolate, butylhydroxyanisole, propyl gallate, uric acid, melatonin, and thiourea, as well as salts and combinations of these antioxidants.

Abstract: It is intended to provide a novel method for treating a cancer using an FGFR inhibitor that exhibits a remarkably excellent antitumor effect and has fewer side effects. The present invention provides a combination preparation for the treatment of a malignant tumor comprising a compound represented by Formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and one or more additional compound(s) having an antitumor effect or pharmaceutically acceptable salt(s) thereof, and a pharmaceutical composition comprising both the active ingredients. The present invention also provides an antitumor effect enhancer, an antitumor agent, a kit for malignant tumor treatment, etc. comprising a compound represented by Formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

Abstract: Bromocriptine citrate administered to a vertebrate, animal or human, can be used for any purpose including, e.g., the long-term modification and regulation of metabolic disorders, including prediabetes, obesity, insulin resistance, hyperinsulinemia, hyperglycemia and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and/or, e.g., the treatment of other medical disorder(s) including immune or endocrine disorders or diseases. Bromocriptine citrate is administered over a limited or extended period at a time of day dependent on re-establishing the normal circadian rhythm of central dopaminergic activity of healthy members of a similar species and sex. Insulin resistance, hyperinsulinemia and hyperglycemia, T2DM, prediabetes, MS or all, can be controlled in humans on a long term basis by such treatment inasmuch as the daily administration of bromocriptine citrate resets neuronal activity timing in the neural centers of the brain to produce long term effects.

Abstract: The invention relates to an agent having immunomodulatory properties for the prevention and/or treatment of autoimmune diseases, said agent comprising one or more C3-C8 carboxylic acids and their physiologically acceptable salts and/or C1-C8 alkyl esters, and their use as immunomodulatory agents for use in prevention and/or treatment of autoimmune related diseases and immune-mediated chronic inflammatory diseases, and dietary supplements with immunomodulating effect comprising one or more C3-C8 carboxylic acids and their physiologically acceptable salts and/or esters comprising C1-C8 alkyl alcohols.

Abstract: An insecticidal composition is disclosed that contains two active ingredients, which are transfluthrin and imiprothrin. The insecticide composition may further contain at least one of a solvent and a propellant. The weight percentage of each of the active ingredients may be about 0.01% to 0.5% by weight.

Abstract: An antifungal composition and a method of treating a systemic fungal infection are provided herein. The antifungal composition includes a diaryl bishydrazone. The method includes administering a therapeutically effective amount of the diaryl bishydrazone to a subject in need thereof.

Abstract: Provided herein are ophthalmic pharmaceutical formulations comprising a rifamycin compound. Also provided herein are methods of treating ocular diseases or disorders by administering such ophthalmic formulations.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for the treatment of a neurological or movement disorder, e.g., Parkinson's disease, in an individual in need thereof, by parenteral administration of levodopa, a levodopa salt, a levodopa prodrug, or any combination thereof, and a dopa decarboxylase inhibitor (DDCI), such as carbidopa, a carbidopa salt, a carbidopa prodrug, benserazide or any combination thereof, concomitantly with oral administration of levodopa, a DDCI, such as carbidopa, benserazide, or any combination thereof.

Abstract: This disclosure relates to administration of a combination of: 1) about 100-110 mg, about 104-106 mg, or about 105 mg of bupropion hydrochloride, or a molar equivalent amount of a free base form or another salt form of bupropion; and 2) about 40-50 mg, about 44-46 mg, or about 45 mg of dextromethorphan hydrobromide, or a molar equivalent amount of a free base form or another salt form of dextromethorphan in certain patient populations, such as patients having moderate renal impairment, patients receiving a concomitant strong CYP2D6 inhibitor, patients who are known CYP2D6 poor metabolizers, those in need of an NMDA antagonist that does not cause dissociation, and those at risk of QT prolongation.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to storage-stable proton pump inhibitor (PPI) systems comprising a therapeutically effective amount of a PPI or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, such as omeprazole or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, which are constituted with water prior to administration. The present disclosure also relates to oral pharmaceutical suspensions comprising water, a therapeutically effective amount of a PPI or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, such as omeprazole or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and one or more buffering agents.

Abstract: BA-1049 (R) and its active metabolite are disclosed. Also disclosed are pharmaceutical formulations containing BA-1049 (R) or its active metabolite.