Abstract: A concentration measurement method for measuring a concentration of impurities includes a step of irradiating a DUT 10 serving as a measurement target object with measurement light and stimulus light subjected to intensity modulation using a modulation signal including a default frequency, a step of outputting a detection signal by detecting an intensity of reflected light from the DUT 10 or transmitted light through the DUT 10, and a step of detecting a phase delay of the detection signal with respect to the modulation signal, obtaining a frequency at which the phase delay has a predetermined value, and estimating a concentration of impurities in the measurement target object on the basis of the frequency.

Abstract: A location tracking system using encoded light beams emitted from a stationary beacon and a receiver mounted onto an object within a three-dimensional (3D) space within the field of view of the stationary beacon. The receiver receives and processes the encoded light beams from two or more stationary beacons. The receiver is configured to decode information from the received light beams and to calculate the position of the object within the 3D space over a span of several meters, with resolution in the range of a few mm or cm. The receiver location is calculated as a single point at the intersection of three light beam or angular planes. A typical configuration of one-dimensional array beacon consists of a plurality of light sources mounted on a cylindrical curved surface of a particular radius.

Abstract: A system and method for measuring a payload including a surface, the system comprising a sensor and a processor. The sensor is configured to generate a signal constituting data representing an unobstructed portion of the surface and an obstacle obscuring a portion of the surface. The processor is communicatively coupled to the sensor and is configured to identify data points in the data corresponding to the unobstructed portion of the surface, identify data points in the data corresponding to the obstacle, interpolate between some of the data points corresponding to the unobstructed surface adjacent the data points corresponding to the obstacle, generate interpolation data points corresponding to the portion of the surface obscured by the obstacle, and determine a volume of the payload based on the data points corresponding to the unobstructed portion of the surface and the interpolation data points.

Abstract: A lateral flow assay device includes several markers, a color bar, and/or a grayscale on the housing of the lateral flow assay device. The markers are used to assist in focusing a mobile device's camera on the control line of the lateral flow assay device. The markers may be used to adjust the perspective of an image taken from the control line and the test line of the lateral flow assay device. The markers may be used to locate the images of the control line, the test line, the color bar, and/or the grayscale on the image. The image of the color bar and the grayscale may be used to adjust the colors and intensity of the image. The images of the test line and the control line may then be used to determine the test results of the lateral flow assay device.

Abstract: Reusable network of spatially-multiplexed microfluidic channels each including an inlet, an outlet, and a cuvette in-between. Individual channels may operationally share a main or common output channel defining the network output and optionally leading to a disposable storage volume. Alternatively, multiple channels are structured to individually lead to the storage volume. An individual cuvette is dimensioned to substantially prevent the formation of air-bubbles during the fluid sample flow through the cuvette and, therefore, to be fully filled and fully emptied. The overall channel network is configured to spatially lock the fluidic sample by pressing such sample with a second fluid against a closed to substantially immobilize it to prevent drifting due to the change in ambient conditions during the measurement. Thereafter, the fluidic sample is flushed through the now-opened valve with continually-applied pressure of the second fluid.

Abstract: An apparatus includes a probe sized to be at least partially inserted into an intraoral cavity of a patient and an illumination unit configured to output light. The apparatus includes a light focusing assembly comprising an image space lens, an object space lens and a focus changing assembly between the image space lens and the object space lens and being configured to: overlap a plurality of light beams of the light within the light focusing assembly; and focus the light to a plurality of external focal planes to illuminate the patient's teeth. The apparatus includes a detector to measure one or more characteristics of incident light returning from the illuminated patient's teeth and a processor coupled to the detector and configured to generate data representative of a topography of the patient's teeth based on the one or more measured characteristics of the incident light returning from the illuminated patient's teeth.

Abstract: Pulsed hyperspectral imaging in a light deficient environment is disclosed. A system includes an emitter for emitting pulses of electromagnetic radiation and an image sensor comprising a pixel array for sensing reflected electromagnetic radiation. The system includes a plurality of bidirectional pads comprising an output state for issuing data and an input state for receiving data. The system includes a controller configured to synchronize timing of the emitter and the image sensor. The system is such that at least a portion of the pulses of electromagnetic radiation emitted by the emitter comprises electromagnetic radiation having a wavelength from about 513 nm to about 545 nm, from about 565 nm to about 585 nm, or from about 900 nm to about 1000 nm.

Abstract: There is provided a technique that includes: a camera configured to capture images of the target object; a memory configured to store the images of the target object and feature data including one or more predetermined exterior features of the target object; and a processor configured to: determine a first process configuration for an operation including a plurality of image processes; perform the operation under the first process configuration; generate inspection data from the sets of images that have been processed; generate an inspection score by comparing the inspection data with the feature data; compare the inspection score with a predetermined threshold score; set the first process configuration as an optimal configuration if the inspection score satisfies the predetermined threshold score.

Abstract: Products and processes for measuring crop and pasture surface profile which may be used to measure the average surface profile of crop and pasture foliage around stationary measurement devices.

Abstract: This disclosure describes an additive manufacturing system that includes a build plane having a first region and a second region. Multiple energy source can be positioned above the build plane and configured to direct energy into the first and second regions of the build plane. The system includes optical sensors configured to monitor an intensity of light emitted from the energy sources. A processor associated with the additive manufacturing system is configured to adjust the sensor outputs in response to the energy sources coming into close proximity.

Abstract: A particle counter includes: a multi-flow cell with flow passages arrayed in a first direction and having a section including a detection region, for detecting a particle, formed when the flow passage is irradiated with irradiation light; a light receiving optical system configured to receive emitted light generated from a particle contained in sample fluid flowing in the at least one flow passage and passing through the detection region; an optical axis moving unit configured to move an optical axis of the irradiation light and an optical axis of the emitted light in the first direction; and a counter configured to count the particle for each particle size based on an intensity of the emitted light.

Abstract: A planar waveguide device (PWD) for interacting with a fluid (FLD) is disclosed, the planar waveguide device (PWD) comprising a waveguide layer (WGL) for supporting optical confinement, a coupling arrangement (CPA) for in-coupling and out-coupling of light into and from the waveguide layer (WGL), a fluid zone (FZN) for accommodating the fluid (FLD), a filter layer (FTL) arranged between the fluid zone (FZN) and the waveguide layer (WGL) in an interaction region (IAR) of the waveguide layer (WGL), wherein the filter layer (FTL) comprises filter openings (FOP) arranged to allow the fluid (FLD) to interact with an evanescent field of light guided by the waveguide layer (WGL), wherein the filter openings (FOP) are adapted to prevent particles (PAR) larger than a predefined size from interacting with said evanescent field, wherein the filter openings (FOP) are arranged as line openings having their longitudinal direction in parallel with the direction of propagation (DOP) of light guided by the waveguide lay

Abstract: A method for correcting a processing condition includes imaging a substrate using an imaging device before start and after completion of a series of processings; specifying a processing apparatus estimated as having an abnormality, based on an imaging result and information on the processing apparatus; performing the unit processing in the processing apparatus on an inspection substrate under a predetermined processing condition, and imaging the inspection substrate by the imaging device before and after performing the unit processing; determining presence/absence of an actual abnormality in the processing apparatus specified in the specifying; and correcting, with respect to the processing apparatus determined as having the actual abnormality in the determining presence/absence of an actual abnormality, the processing condition of the unit processing in the processing apparatus based on the imaging result in the imaging the inspection substrate for determining an abnormality.

Abstract: A variable focal length lens system includes a tunable acoustic gradient (TAG) lens; a TAG lens controller; and processor(s) configured to: (a) operate the TAG lens controller to drive a periodic modulation of the TAG lens optical power at a TAG lens resonant frequency, using a first amplitude driving signal that provides a first focal Z range extending between peak focus distances Z1max+ and Z1max?; and expose a first image using a first exposure increment approximately at the timing of Z1max+ or Z1max?; (b) adjust the TAG lens controller to drive the periodic modulation using a second amplitude driving signal that provides a second focal Z range extending between peak focus distances Z2max+ and Z2max?; and expose a second image using a second exposure increment approximately at the timing of Z2max+ or Z2max?; and (c) perform processing that includes determining focus metric values for the first and second images.

Abstract: In this invention, a novel technique is introduced to measure chromatic dispersion (CD) in optical fibers. This technique is based on a relatively low-frequency optoelectronic oscillation (OEO) to provide fast, precise and low-cost method for CD measurement that can be implemented easily in commercial instruments. The proposed setup is implemented to measure the CD in normal single mode fibers with lengths of 40 km, 10 km, 1 km. Moreover, it is implemented to measure CD in 400 in of nonzero dispersion shifted fiber to test the system ability to resolve small chromatic delays. The proposed setup can resolve delays less than 0.1 ps/nm (which can be further improved by increasing the oscillation frequency) and measure CD with precision as low as 0.005 ps/nm.km as low as 20 seconds over a wavelength range from 1500 to 1630 nm. Further improvements may be possible by slightly better system design.

Abstract: Hyperspectral, fluorescence, and laser mapping imaging with reduced fixed pattern noise is disclosed. A method includes actuating an emitter to emit a plurality of pulses of electromagnetic radiation and sensing reflected electromagnetic radiation resulting from the plurality of pulses of electromagnetic radiation with a pixel array of an image sensor. The method includes reducing fixed pattern noise in an exposure frame by subtracting a reference frame from the exposure frame. The method is such that at least a portion of the pulses of electromagnetic radiation emitted by the emitter comprises one or more of: electromagnetic radiation having a wavelength from about 513 nm to about 545 nm, from about 565 nm to about 585 nm, from about 900 nm to about 1000 nm, an excitation wavelength of electromagnetic radiation that causes a reagent to fluoresce, or a laser mapping pattern.

Abstract: A device for detecting characteristics of a fluid, with a light source for emitting several light beams, of which one of the light beams is a measurement beam, which is provided for a passage through the fluid, and another light beam is a reference beam, which is provided for bypassing the fluid, with a movable cover device arranged downstream of the light source, which cover device is provided for covering the light beams and which is arranged so as to be transferable between a first position releasing the measurement beam and covering reference beam, and a second position covering the measurement beam and releasing the reference beam, and with a light detector arranged downstream of the cover device.

Abstract: A method for operating a hand-held laser distance measurement device for contactless distance measurement in a calibration mode is based on a method in which a laser distance measurement unit of the laser distance measurement device is used to emit laser radiation to a target point, a camera of the laser distance measurement device is used to acquire at least one image of at least one target environment of the target point, and a screen of the laser distance measurement device is used to output a display of the image overlaid with a marker of the target point. A parallax error in the display of the image overlaid with the marker of the target point is corrected.

Abstract: Certain aspects pertain to a cloud detector comprising a first detector module directed to a first region of the sky and a second detector module directed to a second region of the sky. Each detector module has a tube enclosing one or more sensing elements. The one or more sensing elements of the first detector module are configured to take weather condition readings from the first region of the sky. The one or more sensing elements of the second detector module are configured to take weather condition readings from the second region of the sky. In one aspect, the cloud detector is configured to detect cloud cover based on these weather condition readings. In some cases, the one or more sensing elements comprise an infrared radiation detector (e.g., thermopile) for measuring infrared radiation intensity and a photosensor element for measuring sunlight intensity.

Abstract: Laser mapping imaging with reduced fixed pattern noise is disclosed. A method includes actuating an emitter to emit a plurality of pulses of electromagnetic radiation and sensing reflected electromagnetic radiation resulting from the plurality of pulses of electromagnetic radiation with a pixel array of an image sensor. The method includes reducing fixed pattern noise in an exposure frame by subtracting a reference frame from the exposure frame. The method is such that at least a portion of the plurality of pulses of electromagnetic radiation emitted by the emitter comprises a laser mapping pattern.