Abstract: A flat picture reproducing device includes a vaccum-tight envelope containing an electrode matrix formed of row conductors and column conductors disposed in front of the row conductors and having holes at respective crossings thereof, the matrix dividing the interior of the envelope into a rear and a forward chamber; an areal electron source in the rear chamber; elongated vertical deflection electrodes disposed in the forward chamber in a plane parallel to the plane of the matrix and, respectively, running between rows of the holes parallel to the row conductors, a respective single one of the vertical deflection electrodes being disposed between respective hole rows of adjacent pairs of the hole rows; the envelope having a wall on the forward side thereof coated with a layer of material luminescent when excited by electrons; an addressing circuit for scanning the row conductors sequentially to construct a picture line-by-line, each of the row conductors remaining addressed for at least one picture-row period

Abstract: A coupler employing two similar sections of waveguide which extend coliney in longitudinal succession. Adjacent ends of the guide sections are spaced apart to form a gap in the boundary of the sections. A third section of waveguide is disposed external to and coaxial with at least a part of each of the two waveguide sections to provide a boundary surrounding the gap. Electromagnetic energy propagating down one of the two similar sections of waveguide in a first mode and entering the gap is converted partly to a plurality of other modes. The converted energy is reconverted to the first mode upon reaching the other of the two similar sections of waveguide. The electric field pattern exciting the section of waveguide at the end of the gap and propagating down it is exclusively in the first mode.

Abstract: An improved pole piece structure for periodic-permanent-magnet focused traveling wave tubes is disclosed. In one embodiment, the pole pieces have two fold symmetry and the magnets are arranged about the tube axis in a pattern with two-fold symmetry. This structure accommodates the input or output waveguides while maintaining the symmetry of the magnet placement. This allows the electron beam to remain centered on the tube axis and, therefore, minimizes beam interception. Circuit heating is reduced and the power handling margin of the tube is increased in comparison to conventional TWT structures. In another embodiment, a triangular pole piece configuration is employed, eliminating displacement of the magnets at the coupler and sever cavities and providing a third cooling channel.

Abstract: A flat gas discharge display includes a gas-filled envelope having mutually parallel front and rear wall plates disposed one behind the other as seen in a given viewing direction, at least one relatively large area cathode disposed on the front side of the rear wall plate, a cathodoluminescent layer and an anode disposed on the rear side of the front wall plate, a control unit disposed between the wall plates including front, central and rear grid electrodes each formed of a group of mutually parallel strip conductors, the strip conductors of the central grid electrode being column conductors, the strip conductors of the rear grid electrode being row conductors forming an orthogonal matrix together with the column conductors, and the strip conductors of the front grid electrode being tetrode conductors extended parallel to the row conductors and crossing the column conductors at given locations, the control unit being perforated with canals at the given locations where the tetrode conductors and column conduc

Abstract: Subject power-limited lighting system consists of the following principal component parts: (a) a number of power-line-operated power supplies, each such power supply having a plurality of individual output receptacles, with each output receptacle being limited in terms of maximum voltage, current and power in such a way as to be classified as a Class-3 circuit according to the National Electrical Code; (b) for each power supply, a plurality of lighting units, each such lighting unit comprising one or more lamps (H.I.D.

Abstract: A device is disclosed which produces high current, low noise, low lateral energy, stochastic electron emission from a multiplicity of insulative particles subjected to a field. The insulative particles are in and of a surface thickness comprised of a random mixture of insulative and conductive particles in ohmic contact. Emission is achieved at applied potentials of about 5 volts which produce a field sufficient to emit electron currents of nanoamperes to milliamperes. Single devices or arrays of devices may be batch fabricated. Each device has an imtegral, implicity self-aligned electron optic system comprising means for modulating, focusing and deflecting the formed current beam, and means shielding the device from ambient magnetic fields.

Abstract: A high frequency gas discharge lamp dimming ballast with good line power factor is disclosed. The unit is controlled by a current sensing loop which senses control switch current rather than lamp current and employs simple circuitry with sufficiently rapid control response necessary to maintain high line power factor and stable lamp operating characteristics over a very wide range of light output. An isolated output transformer provides protection against most common miswire conditions and accurately regulates lamp energy over a wide range of input and lamp arc voltage conditions. A pulse width modulated control input provides an isolated control input for easier wiring and reduces the susceptibility of the control to noise interference.

Abstract: An incandescent lamp bulb assembly having three or four lead wires led out of the bottom of a pinched sealing neck of an envelope or bulb containing two filaments (double filament structure), said lead wires are disposed in line longitudinally of the pinched sealing neck. Each of three supports connected to these lead wires comprises a connecting arm section extending parallelly with a plane defined by the line of lead wires and lead-out direction of them and also in a direction intersecting the lead-out direction, and a stem section extending from the connecting arm section and having one end thereof fixed. Since the connecting arm section of each support is so formed as to be welded to a corresponding lead wire from a direction perpendicular to said plane, all the supports are welded to the lead wires from a same direction.

Abstract: A coated article useful in high temperature environments substantially in excess of 500.degree. C. comprising a substantially transparent substrate formed of a material adapted to withstand said high temperature environment and an optical coating formed on one surface of said substrate and comprising a first set of layers consisting at least primarily of silicon dioxide and a second set of layers consisting at least primarily of tantalum pentoxide. The optical coating comprises an interference filter formed of alternating layers of fused silica and tantalum pentoxide. A halogen cycle lamp with visible light transmitting, IR reflecting filter formed on the outside surface of the lamp envelope improves energy efficiency by at least twenty-five percent.

Abstract: An electronic ballast is adapted for operation on regular 120 Volt/60 Hz power line voltage and comprises: (i) full bridge rectifier means, (ii) ripple filter means consisting of an LC circuit series-resonant at 120 Hz, (iii) push-pull inverter means operating into an LC output circuit parallel-resonant at about 30 kHz and operative to provide a 30 kHz voltage at an output that is substantially balanced with respect to ground, and (iv) means to disable the inverter in case a 30 kHz ground-fault current flows from this output. A key element in achieving high efficiency relates to the use of ground-fault interruption to achieve the required safety from electric shock hazard, thereby obviating the need for the more conventionally used isolation transformer with its attendant added cost and inefficiency.

Abstract: Disclosed is an electrical driving and recovery system for a high frequency environment. The recovery system can be applied to drive present day direct-current or alternating-current loads for better efficiency. It has a low-voltage source coupled to a vibrator, a transformer and a bridge-type rectifier to provide a high voltage pulsating signal to a first capacitor. Where a high-voltage source is otherwise available, it may be coupled directly to a bridge-type rectifier, causing a pulsating signal to the first capacitor. The first capacitor in turn is coupled to a high voltage anode of an electrical conversion switching element tube. The switching element tube also includes a low voltage anode which is connected to a voltage source by a commutator and a switching element tube. Mounted around the high voltage anode is a charge receiving plate which is coupled to an inductive load to transmit a high voltage discharge from the switching element tube to the load.

Abstract: A display tube comprising in an evacuated envelope (1) an electron gun system (6) for generating and focusing by means of a focusing lens at least two electron beams (28 to 35) on a display screen (5), which electron beams are deflected by deflection means and describe a frame on the display screen. The electron gun system (6) comprises at least two electron sources (20 to 26), the electrons in each electron beam being accelerated immediately after leaving the electron source by means of an electric field having a field strength exceeding 600 V/mm. The central axes (36) of the electron beam extend substantially parallel to each other, and all beams are converged by the focusing lens in the immediate proximity of the focus of the focusing lens, after which each separate beam is focused on the display screen by the focusing lens to form a spot.

Abstract: A control apparatus for a fluorescent display tube controls selectively light emission of a plurality of display segments (7a to 7g) provided in a fluorescent display tube (1) so that desired data may be displayed. This apparatus is for example combined with a microwave oven, so as to display the cooking time or the remaining cooking time required for control of the microwave oven or to display the present time of day or other data. Among the display segments (7a to 7g), at least the display segments emitting light relatively less frequently are forced to emit light with predetermined timing, for example, each time cooking operation is ended, whereby irregularities in the frequency for light emission among the display segments (7a to 7g) can be avoided. As a result, no difference is caused in the display brightness in the respective display segments (7a to 7g) and accordingly, clearly visible display can be made.

Abstract: The sections of the filament of a projection lamp are stretched over two sets of supports anchored in glass beams which are fixed on the rigid current supply conductors to form a frame. The supports each consist of a wire having a hooked end which engages the filament between a respective pair of adjacent sections. The supports of at least one set each have an end portion extending transverse to the main link of the support. Each end portion is located at the same given distance from the bend of the hook, and preferably extends from a free end of the hook. This permits each section to be under the same tension.

Abstract: A traveling-wave tube, including a delay line having two end surfaces, a spatially periodic permanent magnet system surrounding the delay line for the bunched guidance of an electron beam, the delay line having line cells disposed in tandem, each of the cells having an electron beam passage opening formed therein and adjacent partitions separating the cells with a given mutual spacing, each of the partitions having at least one coupling opening formed therein extended substantially in circumferential direction, a ridgeless rectangular waveguide coupled to at least one of the end surfaces of the delay line and protruding away from the delay line substantially at right angles to the axis of the delay line, the waveguide having a location of smallest reflection, a wide side facing away from the delay line extended substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the delay line and at least one narrow side being steadily tapered toward the delay line down to substantially the given spacing of the adjacent

Abstract: A generator for producing an intense relativistic electron beam having a subnanosecond current rise time includes a conventional generator of intense relativistic electrons feeding into a short electrically conductive drift tube including a cavity containing a working gas at a low enough pressure to prevent the input beam from significantly ionizing the working gas. Ionizing means such as a laser simultaneously ionize the entire volume of working gas in the cavity to generate an output beam having a rise time less than one nanosecond.

Abstract: Seal (40) between travelling-wave tube electrodes (32 and 34) includes an inner hermetic seal ring (50) for providing vacuum sealing and an outer ring (52) which shares the mechanical stresses due to changes in temperature.

Abstract: A rapid-start fluorescent lamp includes a circuit breaker therein having a sealed glass bottle, a thermally sensitive bimetal switch within the glass bottle, a pair of electrical conductors sealed into and passing through the sealed bottle with one electrical conductor attached to the bimetal and the other electrical conductor contacting the bimetal with each of the pair of electrical conductors formed of Dumet wire plated with an electrically conductive metal whereby formation of insulative oxides on the electrical conductors is inhibited.

Abstract: A flashing lamp unit comprising a fluorescent lamp, an ionization electrode in close proximity to the lamp, and an electrical means for exciting the lamp and ionization electrode to cause the lamp to flash. In one embodiment, the lamp is torroidal in shape, the ionization electrode is arc-shaped and abuts the lamp, and an optical scanning device peers through the center space of the lamp so that the lamp provides a substantially uniform illuminated field for viewing by the scanning device.

Abstract: A standing-wave accelerator including a plurality of accelerating cavities arranged along the axis direction of the accelerator; a plurality of coupling cavities provided between the two-adjacent accelerating cavities; at least one of the coupling cavities is provided with a detuning device for detuning the coupling cavity; and the detuning device is provided to be inserted from a first wall of the coupling cavity to extend until it comes into contact with a second wall thereof, spacedly passed between a pair of inwardly projecting posts.