Abstract: Visual-perceptual, visual-motor, and cognitive training exercises on scanning boards that are large enough to involve visual scanning and tracking sufficient for head turning and full visual field awareness as required for integrating stimuli from the environment. The boards vary in design incorporating perceptual and cognitive subskills which may be modified to all levels of ability. Specifically, the boards are used with clients in occupational therapy who have visual-perceptual, and visual-motor deficits, i.e., due to cerebral vascular accident, head injury, ocular-motor impairments, and other visual deficits, as well as for special education teachers for instruction of students with learning disabilities impaired by perceptual deficits, cerebral palsy, etc. The boards are coated with a non-glare plastic covering and may be drawn on with various colored water-base, odorless, non-toxic pens, as the boards may be wiped clean and ready to be re-used indefinitely.

Abstract: A zoom lens is disclosed comprising a front lens group having a positive lens unit, a negative lens unit and a positive lens unit and whose overall refractive power is positive, and a rear lens group having a positive lens unit and a negative lens unit and whose overall refractive power is negative, wherein zooming is performed by varying all the lens separations between the successive two of the lens units and focusing is performed by varying at least the lens separation between the positive lens unit and the negative lens unit of the rear lens group.

Abstract: An optical lens is mounted to the eyelash of the upper eyelid, hanging thereon in spaced register with the wearer's eyeball cornea. In a first embodiment, the lens is carried by a pair of endwisely hinged peg arms, taking in sandwich the upper eyelid eyelashes so as to be supported by the latter. The lens includes an edgewise flange releasably inserted into a mating cavity made in the underface of the peg lower arm. In a second embodiment, the lens is carried by another pair of integral, inner and outer peg arms, taking in sandwich the two opposite main walls of the upper eyelid and extending downwardly through the upper eyelid eyelashes. The inner peg arm is then surgically implanted subcutaneously to the upper eyelid and fixed by temporary stitches.

Abstract: A multichip module having high density optical and electrical interconnections between integrated circuit chips. An optically transparent substrate is positioned overlying an array of integrated circuit chips mounted on a mounting substrate. The mounting substrate may include a heat sink to remove excess heat from the integrated circuit chips. The multichip module includes integrated circuit chips having optical detectors and optical transmitters to establish optical interconnections therebetween. A hologram is positioned in the optical path between the optical transmitters and the optical detectors. A planar mirror is preferably positioned opposite the hologram to direct the optical beams. The optically transparent substrate also includes an array of electrical contact pads to establish electrical connections with corresponding electrical contact pads on the underlying integrated circuit chips.

Abstract: A light filter for filtering light for a human eye with the filter being formed of a plastic material in combination with the filtering material. The filtering material is added so as to provide the filter with spectral transmittance characteristics which include a cut-off location (.lambda.H) of 450 nm to 550 nm, a steepness (S) for the transmittance curve at the cut-off location of at least 1%.nm.sup.-1, a means transmittance (.tau..sub.2) in a spectral range from 380 to 450 nm of at most 20%, and a means transmittance (.tau..sub.3) in a spectral range from 450 to 550 nm of at least 40%. The filtering material preferably includes an organic dye dissolved in the plastic or an organic pigment finely distributed in the plastic material. In addition, the mean transmittance (.tau..sub.2) in the 380 to 450 nm spectral range is at most 10% and the means transmittance (.tau..sub.3) in the 450 to 550 nm spectral range is at least 60%. Further, the light filter has a means transmittance of (.tau..sub.

Abstract: The front surface, for example, of a progressive ophthalmic lens has a central area whose curvature varies progressively over at least part of at least one meridian and constitutes its optically active area. Surrounding this central area is a peripheral joining area merging tangentially with it. The optically active central area of the front surface is delimited by a closed curve which, when projected onto a plane perpendicular to the geometrical axis of the lens, is generally oval shape. The value and/or sign of the radius of curvature of the radial cross-section of the peripheral joining area varies in the circumferential direction so that the thickness of the lens is substantially the same all along its peripheral edge. Progressive ophthalmic lenses of this kind are easier to manufacture, lighter in weight and more esthetic.

Abstract: Plus and minus power ophthalmic spectacle lenses for the correction of distance vision incorporating a convex aspherical front surface are provided. The front surface of the invention is described mathematically as an inside-out conicoid. the inside-out conicoidal surface, when used in conjunction with a concave spherical or toroidal back surface, provides a lens having improved off-axis optical performance and reduced thickness and flatness characteristics relative to prior art lenses of the same back vertex power and refractive index.

Abstract: A zoom lens is disclosed, comprising, from front to rear, first lens unit of negative refractive power, a second lens unit of positive refractive power, a third lens unit of negative refractive power, a fourth lens unit of positive refractive power and a fifth lens unit of positive refractive power, the second and fourth lens units moving forward to vary the focal length from the wide-angle end to the telephoto end, and the first lens unit moving in a locus convex toward the image side to compensate for the image shift with zooming, wherein the following conditions are satisfied:f2<.vertline.f3.vertline.f5<5.multidot.fTwhere fi is the focal length of the i-th lens unit and fT is the longest focal length of the entire lens system.

Abstract: A zoom lens comprises a first lens group having the positive refractivity which relatively travels along the optical axis to change the distance between the groups for varying powers, and a second lens group having negative refractivity. The first lens group has sequentially from an object side a first positive lens component, a second negative lens component, a third lens component having positive refractivity, a fourth positive lens component, and fifth lens component having positive refractivity, and the second lens group has sequentially from the object side a sixth positive lens component, a seventh negative lens component, and an eighth negative lens component. Further, the first lens group includes a diaphragm adjacent to the fifth lens component, and the zoom lens is characterized in being structured to satisfy conditions given below.78<f.sub.1 .multidot.Z<90-1.60<f.sub.L2a /D.sub.S <-1.10wheref.sub.1 : The focal length of the first lens group.Z: Zooming ratio.f.sub.

Abstract: A lens according to the invention has diffractive power and two primary foci, where one focus is associated with the first diffractive order and one with the second diffractive order.

Abstract: A lens is manufactured by preparing a glass material, preparing a molding apparatus for pressmolding the glass material into a lens shape, preheating the glass material or heating the glass material in the molding apparatus to soften the glass material and molding the glass material into the lens shape by the molding apparatus. An engagement portion of the molded lens to a member on which the lens is to be mounted is molded in the molding process simultaneously with the molding of an optically function portion of the lens.

Abstract: A zoom lens is disclosed comprising, in the order from a large conjugate side, a first lens unit of positive power, a second lens unit of negative power and a third lens unit of positive power, wherein when zooming from the wide-angle end to the telephoto end, the separation between the first and second lens units increases, the separation between the second and third lens units decreases, and the third lens unit moves toward the large conjugate side, the zoom lens satisfying the following conditions:0.3<e.sub.IIW /f.sub.W <0.61.5<-(1/f.sub.I +1/f.sub.II).multidot.f.sub.W <2.00.3<-f.sub.II /f.sub.W <0.45where f.sub.W is the focal length of the entire lens system at the wide-angle end, f.sub.I and f.sub.II are the focal lengths of the first and second lens units respectively, and e.sub.IIW is an interval between principal points of the second and third lens units at the wide-angle end.

Abstract: A multifocal ophthalmic lens adapted for implantation in the eye or to be disposed on or in the cornea. The lens has an optical axis, a central zone and a plurality of annular zones circumscribing the central zone. Two of the annular zones have a first region with a far vision correction power and a second region with a near vision correction power. In an IOL embodiment, the vision correction power between far and near is progressive, and each of the second regions has a major segment in which the near vision correction power is substantially constant. The power in the central zone varies.

Abstract: An ophthalmic lens embodying an organic plastic lens member having a refractive index of at least 1.56 and being the cured product of a monomeric formulation. The formulation contains a resin monomer base, a curing agent selected from aromatic anhydrides, aromatic diamines, thioamides and thioamines, and a refractive index enhancing additive selected from alkyl or aromatic diols or thiols and transition metal alkoxides. The organic plastic lens member may be an integral, monofocal lens, or a segment embedded in a cavity in the front, convex surface of an organic plastic, major lens member having a lesser refractive index. The latter may have a thin, inorganic glass lens member adhered to its front, convex surface to produce a glass-plastic, laminated, multifocal lens structure.

Abstract: A zoo comprises, in order from the object side, a first lens group having a positive refractive power that moves along the optical axis for focusing, a second lens group having a negative refractive power that moves along the optical axis for zooming, a third lens group having a negative refractive power that moves along the optical axis for compensating for the image plane that varies upon zooming, and a fixed, imaging fourth lens group having a positive refractive power. The fourth lens group has an aperture and comprises a first sub-group having a positive refractive power and a second sub-group having a positive refractive power, which fourth lens group further satisfies certain conditions.

Abstract: A zoom lens system comprising at least a first lens unit having a positive refractive power as a whole, a second lens unit having a negative refractive power as a whole and a third lens unit having a positive refractive power as a whole, and adapted to perform variation of focal length by varying at least two airspaces reserved between said lens units. This zoom lens system consists of a small number of lens elements, has a short total length and a compact external design, and is light in weight.

Abstract: A zoom lens is disclosed, having four lens units of positive, negative, positive and positive refractive powers in this order from the object side, the focal length being varied by moving the second lens unit, and compensation for the image shift with zooming and focusing being performed by moving the fourth lens unit, while the first and third lens units remain stationary. The third lens unit has a positive first lens and a negative second lens having a concave surface facing the object side. The fourth lens unit has a negative first lens, a positive second lens and a positive third lens. The zoom lens satisfies the following conditions:0.54<f31/F3<0.71.35<N4P<1.6751.8<.nu.4P<75where F3 is the focal length of the third lens unit, f31 is the focal length of the positive first lens in the third lens unit, and N4P and .nu.4P are respectively mean values of the refractive index and Abbe number of materials of the second and third lenses in the fourth lens unit.

Abstract: This invention is primarily directed to edged three-layer ophthalmic lenses having a coating covering the edge of the lens. The coating provides a cushion between the lens and an eyeglass frame and inhibits the penetration of moisture and tints commonly used to fashion tint ophthalmic lenses. The coating comprises a dimethyl silicone coblocked with vinyl with crosslinking therein being provided through a platinum-catalyzed addition reaction. The inventive coating also imparts advantageous properties to single element glass and plastic lenses.

Abstract: An aspheric lens for providing improved vision and a method for generating such a lens is described. The lens provides a sharp image focus while minimizing image aberrations. The method utilizes ray tracing techniques in conjunction with Modulation Transfer functions to accurately account for the total corrective lens-eye system. The lens may be in the form of a contact lens, an intraocular lens, a natural lens or a spectacle lens, and is suitable for correcting myopia, presbyopia, astigmatism and other focusing problems. The lens is characterized by a hyperbolic or parabolic surface which functions to reduce spherical aberrations and minimize the retinal image spot size.

Abstract: A Keplerian zoom finder system has sequentially from its object side an objective lens with positive refractive power, a field lens with positive refractive power arranged in the vicinity of the focus of the objective lens, and an ocular with positive refractive power for observing the object image by the objective lens in enlargement. In the finder system, the aforesaid objective lens has from its object side the first lens of a biconcave lens with a more enhanced concavity toward the object side and the second lens of a biconvex lens with an aspherical surface on the eye point side. The Keplerian zoom finder system thus structured is characterized in that its finder magnification is varied by varying the air spacing between the aforesaid first lens and second lens and the conditions are satisfied.