Abstract: To provide a method and a diagnostic kit for determining the presence of a malignant tumor or the severity thereof, a method for selecting a therapeutic method therefor or evaluating the effect of the therapeutic method, or a method for estimating the risk of recurrence of the malignant tumor or determining the presence or absence of the recurrence. The method for determining the presence of a malignant tumor or the severity thereof, method for selecting a therapeutic method therefor or evaluating the effect of the therapeutic method, or method for estimating the risk of recurrence of the malignant tumor or the presence or absence of the recurrence is characterized by including 1) a step of measuring the concentration and/or quantity of soluble LR11 in a sample originating from a subject and 2) a step of comparing the value measured above with a measurement value of soluble LR11 obtained from a healthy subject group.

Abstract: The present invention relates to Fc region-containing polypeptides that exhibit improved effector function due to alterations of the extent of fucosylation, and to methods of using such polypeptides for treating or preventing cancer and other diseases. The Fc region-containing polypeptides of the present invention are preferably immunoglobulins (e.g., antibodies), in which the Fc region comprises at least one amino acid substitution relative to the corresponding amino acid sequence of a wild type Fc region, and which is sufficient to attenuate post-translational fucosylation and mediate improved binding to an activating Fc receptor and reduced binding to an inhibitory Fc receptor. The methods of the invention are particularly useful in preventing, treating, or ameliorating one or more symptoms associated with a disease, disorder, or infection where either an enhanced efficacy of effector cell function mediated by Fc?R is desired (e.g.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods, compositions and kits concerning resistance to treatment with an anti-cancer agent, specifically an inhibitor of MEK. In particular embodiments, the invention concerns mutations in a MEK sequence that confer resistance to a MEK inhibitor. Identification of such mutations in a MEK sequence allows the identification and design of second-generation MEK inhibitors. Methods and kits for detecting the presence of a mutant MEK sequence in a sample are also provided.

Abstract: Extracellular vesicle-associated protein biomarkers for use in diagnosing and staging carcinomas, e.g., lung and ovarian cancers.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for diagnosing neuroendocrine cancers via detecting the presence of N-methyl D-asparate-associated (NMDA) glutamate receptors type 1 and/or type 2. Methods for preventing and treating neuroendocrine cancers are also disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for screening an anticancer compound and an anticancer compound screened using the method, and more particularly, to a method for screening an anticancer compound, the method comprising: culturing cancer cells expressing the oncogenic protein transmembrane 4 L6 family member 5 (TM4SF5), expressed as the polypeptide of SEQ ID NO: 2, treating the cancer cells with an anticancer candidate, and determining that the anticancer candidate is an anticancer substance when the candidate exhibits antagonistic activity against tumor formation and metastasis based on several events through the molecular mechanism of TM4SF5. The present invention also relates to chalcone compounds screened to have anticancer activity using the method, and an anticancer composition comprising the compound as an effective ingredient.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel methods and products for assessing the physiological status of a subject. More particularly, the invention relates to methods of assessing the presence, risk or stage of a cancer in a subject by measuring the levels of antibodies against particular aberrant protein domains in a sample from the subject, or the presence or number of immune cells hearing TCR specific for such aberrant protein domains. The invention is also suitable to assess the responsiveness of a subject to a treatment, as well as to screen candidate drugs and design novel therapies. The invention may be used in any mammalian subject, particularly in human subjects.

Abstract: This invention provides an antibody that binds the same antigen as that of monoclonal antibody 8H9, wherein the heavy chain CDR (Complementary Determining Region)1 comprises NYDIN, heavy chain CDR2 comprises WIFPGDGSTQY, heavy chain CDR3 comprises QTTATWFAY, and the light chain CDR1 comprises RASQSISDYLH, light chain CDR2 comprises YASQSIS, and light chain CDR3 comprises QNGHSFPLT. In another embodiment, there is provided a polypeptide that binds the same antigen as that of monoclonal antibody 8H9, wherein the polypeptide comprises NYDIN, WIFPGDGSTQY, QTTATWFAY, RASQSISDYLH, YASQSIS, and QNGHSFPLT.

Abstract: A human antibody or a functional fragment thereof having specific binding ability to CD98 which is derived from the cell membrane of cancer cells and is in the form of a complex with a protein having an amino acid transporter activity (for example, LAT1) is disclosed. This antibody binds to CD98 in the form of a dimer with LAT1 on the surface of cancer cells, specifically attacks cancer cells expressing CD98 via the immune system by ADCC or CDC, and further inhibits amino acid uptake of the cancer cells via LAT1, to suppress growth of the cancer cells. Accordingly, a preventive and therapeutic agent for cancer comprising this antibody or a fragment thereof, which acts on various cancers, is specific to cancer, and causes no side effect, is provided.

Abstract: Provided are methods and compositions for determining an increased likelihood of prostate cancer cells in a subject to metastasize.

Abstract: The present invention provides novel methods and compositions for the diagnosis and treatment of solid cancers. The invention also provides methods of identifying inhibitors of tumorigenesis.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides an antibody or antibody fragment comprising at least one Fab molecule, wherein the light chain variable region, VL and the heavy chain region, VH of the Fab molecule are linked by one or more disulfide bonds, and use of the same in treatment or prophylaxis.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides prostatitis-associated antigens, and compositions comprising the antigens. The present disclosure provides diagnostic methods, generally involving assaying the level of an immune response specific for a prostatitis-associated antigen in an individual. Kits suitable for use in performing such diagnostic assays are also provided. The present disclosure further provides methods of treating prostatitis, methods of treating prostate cancer, and methods of treating benign prostatic hyperplasia.

Abstract: A pharmaceutical composition comprising lectins is anti-tumorigenic and anti-viral, bacterial or protozoan. The composition, termed BiOmune is also useful for imaging, diagnosis and therapy of cancer.

Abstract: The invention relates to storage-stable anti-TNFR1 antibody single variable domains (dAbs), antagonists and multispecific ligands, as well as methods and uses of these. The anti-TNFR1 polypeptides, antibody single variable domains (dAbs), antagonists and multispecific ligands are useful for treating and/or preventing inflammatory disease, such as arthritis or COPD, as well as for pulmonary administration, oral administration, delivery to the lung and delivery to the GI tract of a patient.

Abstract: The invention relates to the identification of aprataxin (APTX) expression levels as a marker for the response to topoisomerase I inhibitor-based therapies in patients with cancer and, more particularly, colon cancer. The invention also relates to methods for treating patients with cancer who have low APTX expression levels by means of administering a topoisomerase I inhibitor to said patients.

Abstract: The present invention concerns antibodies that react immunologically with an epitope comprising VDKSRWQQG (SEQ ID NO: 1), including those that bind to cancer cells, and methods relating thereto. In particular, the antibodies that react immunologically with a particular epitope found in anti-tumor antigen antibodies are not only indicative of favorable therapy using the anti-tumor antigen antibodies, but are therapeutic in and of themselves.

Abstract: The present invention provides novel methods and compositions for the diagnosis and treatment of solid cancers. The invention also provides methods of identifying inhibitors of tumorigenesis.

Abstract: The present invention provides novel methods and compositions for the diagnosis and treatment of solid cancers. The invention also provides methods of identifying inhibitors of tumorigenesis.

Abstract: The present invention provides novel methods and compositions for the diagnosis and treatment of solid cancers. The invention also provides methods of identifying inhibitors of tumorigenesis.