Abstract: A heating preservation system includes a selected unit, a control unit, a detection unit, and a heating unit. The selected unit is configured to select a preset temperature from amongst a plurality of differing preset temperatures, each preset temperature corresponds to a preset voltage. The control unit is configured to send out the preset voltage according to the selected preset temperature. The detection unit is configured to detect a temperature of fluid and convert the temperature to a detected voltage. The comparison unit is configured to receive the preset voltage and the detected voltage and compare the detected voltage with the preset voltage. The heating unit is configured to heat the fluid when the detected voltage is less than the preset voltage, and stop heating the fluid when the detected voltage is more than the preset voltage. A smart cup using the heating preservation system is further disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a fabric (30, 31) with at least one support (41, 41?), with at least two electrical function elements (70), and with at least one seam (40). It is provided that at least two of the electrical function elements (70) are in the form of strands and integrated in the seam (40).

Abstract: The invention relates to a glass product with electrically heated surface and a method of its manufacture.

Abstract: The metal tank portion of an electric water heater is protected against corrosion utilizing a corrosion protection system that detects a voltage potential between the sheath portion of a tank water-immersed electric heating element and the tank. In one embodiment of the corrosion protection system the sensed sheath/tank potential is utilized to enable a user of the water heater to accurately gauge the necessity of replacing a sacrificial anode extending into the tank. In another corrosion protection system, the sensed sheath/tank potential is utilized to provide impressed current cathodic protection of the tank and also to prevent dry firing of the electric water heater.

Abstract: The disclosed heat-treatment furnace, used in a semiconductor-substrate heat-treatment step, is characterized by the provision of a cylindrical core, both ends of which have openings sized so as to allow insertion and removal of semiconductor substrates. This reduces standby time between batches during consecutive semiconductor heat treatment, thereby improving productivity. Furthermore, the use of a simple cylindrical shape for the structure of the core reduces the frequency at which gas-introduction pipe sections fail, thereby decreasing the running cost of the heat-treatment process.

Abstract: An adaptive electrothermal system and an electrothermal apparel are provided. The adaptive electrothermal system comprises a controller, a step-down regulator, a power controller and a load. An input of the controller is configured to receive an input voltage, a first output of the controller is configured to output an input voltage higher than an operating voltage of the load to the step-down regulator, a second output of the controller is configured to output an input voltage lower than or equal to the operating voltage of the load to the power controller, the step-down regulator steps the received input voltage down to a voltage equal to the operating voltage of the load and outputs the stepped-down voltage to the power controller, and the power controller outputs the input voltage it receives to the corresponding load according to a load control signal from the controller.

Abstract: A steam generator system for a cooking appliance includes an in-line heating element coupled to a heating tube, wherein water from a water reservoir is gravitationally fed into the heating tube for heating by the in-line heating element to produce a hot water and steam mixture. A first supply line is coupled to the heating tube to carry the mixture to a separator without the need for moving or complex pump parts. The separator separates steam and hot water from the mixture of the two. A second supply line is coupled to the separator at a first end and opens into the cooking cavity of the cooking appliance at a second end. The second supply line is configured to supply steam separated at the separator to the cooking cavity via a steam outlet disposed in the cooking cavity.

Abstract: The invention generally involves an apparatus and system for heating or warming instruments. The system includes an electrically heated carrying case for transporting instruments, and an electrically heated vessel for containing a fluid to be used in conjunction with the instruments. The carrying case and the vessel each include: a heating element, one or more sensors (i.e. to maintain a desired temperature) and a circuitry in communication with a user interface for controlling the device's operation. This system facilitates the warming or heating of instruments to a desirable temperature to avoid any undesirable interruptions that may be caused by the discomfort of experiencing a temperature differential upon touching the instrument against the body.

Abstract: The invention concerns a dental furnace, with a furnace base and with a furnace hood, wherein the furnace hood includes a firing chamber for the accommodation of dental restorations, with a temperature sensor that records the temperature of the dental restoration and which is connected to a control device which controls the dental furnace, and the dental furnace (10) includes a drive unit (18) for the furnace hood (16) and the control device (30) controls the drive unit (18) based on the temperature recorded by the temperature sensor (20), namely opens the furnace hood.

Abstract: A therapeutic mat is described. The mat provides therapeutic relief in the form of vibratory motion and/or heat. The mat or pad is particularly useful as a floor mat in a vehicle. The mat includes provisions to enable powering the mat from a 12-volt direct current source, such as used in an automobile or other vehicle. A massage module can be removed from the mat to facilitate cleaning of the mat. The mat may also include one or more upwardly extending provisions for massaging the arch region of a user's feet. Also described are illuminated mats. The lights of a mat can operate based upon the operation of another mat, pulsations of the massage module, or based upon acoustic levels in the vehicle.

Abstract: A heating element includes a filament that conducts electricity. In some embodiments, the filament is encapsulated in a silicon nitride cover. The heating element provides a heating zone located relatively closer to the tip of the heating element and relatively further from a connection where electrical leads connect to the filament.

Abstract: Scent warmers may include a base structure and a modular assembly structurally and electrically coupled with the base structure by an Edison screw fitting. The modular assembly may include a lighting module and a heating module. The lighting module and the heating module may be fastened to one another in a releasable manner. Methods of assembling scent warmers may involve fastening a lighting module to a heating module in a releasable manner to form a modular assembly. The modular assembly may be structurally and electrically coupled with a base structure by an Edison screw fitting.

Abstract: In a method of making a carbon fiber, carbon nanotubes (CNT) are mixed into a solution including polyacrylonitrile (PAN) so as to form a CNT/PAN mixture. At least one PAN/CNT fiber is formed from the mixture. A first predetermined electrical current is applied to the PAN/CNT fiber until the PAN/CNT fiber is a stabilized PAN/CNT fiber. A heatable fabric that includes a plurality of fibers that each have an axis. Each of the plurality of fibers includes polyacrylonitrile and carbon nanotubes dispersed in the polyacrylonitrile in a predetermined weight percent thereof and aligned along the axes of the plurality of fibers. The plurality of fibers are woven into a fabric. A current source is configured to apply an electrical current through the plurality of fibers, thereby causing the fibers to generate heat.

Abstract: In a heather control apparatus for a gas sensor, a CPU obtains upper and lower limit values by adding a predetermined value to and subtracting the predetermined value from an Rpvs average obtained in a last heater energization period (or to an Rpvs value obtained for the first time), and sets a window W1. The CPU obtains a plurality of Rpvs values [P2] to [P11], and obtains an Rpvs average A1 while excluding Rpvs values [P5], [P6], and [P9] which do not fall within the window W1 (not less than the lower limit value and not greater than the upper limit value). The CPU obtains the upper and lower limit values by adding the predetermined value to and subtracting the predetermined value from the Rpvs average A1, and sets a window W2 for the next heater energization period.

Abstract: According to a method for manufacturing a sheet-like heating element and a sheet-like heating element manufactured by the method of the present invention, cubics are pulverized into nanoparticles, the nanoparticle powder is mixed with carbon to become an original yarn, and the original yarn is cut to a length of between 0.2 mm and 0.8 mm and mixed into a pulp liquid to be formed into nanoparticle pulp. The sheet-like heating element forms a space where the particles can be rotated so as to allow 90% or higher far infrared radiation, and thus contributes to the health of users, entails a low defective rate since no bending occurs during the manufacturing, can be manufactured in quantity at low cost, and can be used for multiple purposes.

Abstract: A planar heating element for a window includes a resin base having a flat or curved surface, a heating element formed of a conductive sheet having a uniform specific resistance and provided to spread in the form of a planar shape along the shape of the surface of the resin base, and conductive current supply portions provided to extend in the form of bands on opposite ends of the heating element, so as to allow a current to pass through the heating element. The heating element has a locally increased specific resistance portion whose specific resistance locally increases when a current is passed through the heating element from the current supply portions.

Abstract: A cooking appliance and a method for controlling the same are provided. The cooking appliance may include a body having a cooking chamber, a frame, a pair of fixed guides mounted to inner side surfaces of an upper portion of the cooking chamber, respectively, the pair of fixed guides to slidably support the frame, and a tray to be supported by the frame, the tray to provide a food to be dried the tray is in the cooking chamber.

Abstract: Provided are a device and method and an electronic device for temperature control, which are used to solve the problem that electronic devices and components cannot operate in a low-temperature state. The temperature control device includes a temperature detection unit (10) configured to detect the operating temperature of a component (16); a heating unit (12) configured to heat the component (16) according to the detection result of the temperature detection unit (10) so that the operating temperature is between a first temperature and a second temperature; and a power supply interface (14) respectively connected to the temperature detection unit (10) and the heating unit (12) and configured to supply power to the temperature detection unit (10) and the heating unit (12). The first temperature is the lower limit value of the operating temperature of the component (16), and the second temperature is the upper limit value of the operating temperature of the component (16).

Abstract: A glow plug includes a cylindrical housing, a rod-shaped heater, a membrane portion, and a pressure sensor. The cylindrical housing extends along an axial direction. The rod-shaped heater extending along the axial direction is displaced along the axial direction and has one end portion disposed within the housing, and an other end portion which is exposed from the housing. The membrane portion connects together the heater and the housing and has a multi-layer construction which has a first layer and a second layer of which at least part is positioned nearer to the other end portion in the axial direction of the heater than the first layer. The pressure sensor measures a pressure within a combustion chamber in which the other end portion is disposed by making use of a displacement of the heater. A thickness of the second layer is larger than a thickness of the first layer.

Abstract: A brush block assembly and a method of assembling the same are described. The brush block assembly includes two or more brushes arranged in one or more rows, each of the two or more brushes comprised of a pressed electrically conductive material with an integral lead wire and a terminal, and one or more terminal studs, each of the two or more brush blocks within a same one of the one or more rows being separated by one of the one or more terminal studs, a helical spring coupled respectively to each of the two or more brushes, and insulated wires from a power supply and the respective terminal of each of the two or more brushes within the same one of the one or more rows being retained by the one of the one or more terminal studs in the one of the one or more rows.