Abstract: This invention relates to a process for producing polyester biopolymers by culturing Pseudomonas oleovorans bacteria on substrates comprising certain nutrients. The nature of the polyesters can be varied by varying the nature of the carbon source used. In this way polyesters with unsaturated double bonds can be produced, too. From the polyesters, optically active carboxylic acids or esters are produced. The polymers can be used for making articles of manufacture, such as sutures, films, skin and bone grafts.

Abstract: A process for preparing phenol-formaldehyde novolak resins and molding compositions in which portions of the phenol normally contained in said resins are replaced by a phenol/neutral fractions extract obtained from fractionating fast-pyrolysis oils. The fractionation consists of a neutralization stage which can be carried out with aqueous solutions of bases or appropriate bases in the dry state, followed by solvent extraction with an organic solvent having at least a moderate solubility parameter and good hydrogen bonding capacity.Phenolic compounds-containing/neutral fractions extracts obtained by fractionating fast-pyrolysis oils from a lignocellulosic material, is such that the oil is initially in the pH range of 2-4, being neutralized with an aqueous bicarbonate base, and extracted into a solvent having a solubility parameter of approximately 8.4-9.11 [cal/cm.sup.3 ].sup.1/2 with polar components in the 1.8-3.0 range and hydrogen bonding components in the 2-4.

Abstract: The invention describes a film of a thermoplastic, wholly aromatic polyetherketone. The film is amorphous and comprises the polymer PEEKK which is formed of the following repeat unit:--[--Ph--O--Ph--O--Ph--CO--Ph--CO--]--wherein Ph denotes a para-phenylene group.

Abstract: Mixtures of salts of organic dicarboxylic acids and organic compounds of non-salt character, dissolved in a C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkanol, can be concentrated or separated with a semipermeable membrane made from a copolyimide which contains a first aromatic diamine radical (1) and a second aromatic diamine radical (2) which carries --SO.sub.3 M groups, wherein M is H.sym., a mono-to trivalent metal cation or an ammonium cation. The first amine radical (1) and/or the second diamine radical (2) contains C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl groups in both o-positions to at least one amino group. These copolyamides are also radiation-sensitive (self-crosslinking) and can be used for the production of protective layers or relief images, development being carried out in an aqueous alkaline medium.

Abstract: A prepolymer of the formula ##STR1## where LG is a linking group, and copolymers thereof; polymers prepared therefrom, and a reaction injection molding process employing the same.

Abstract: Polymer alloys based on polybenzimidazoles are of great interest in industry due to their extraordinary thermal and mechanical properties. Alloys composed of a homo- or copolybenzimidazole and poly-N-vinylpyrrolidone are homogeneously mixed and have only one glass transition temperature.

Abstract: Novel polymeric polyalkyl-1-oxa-diazaspirodecanes of the formula I ##STR1## are very effective stabilizers for natural any synthetic polymers. They have very low volatility, high migration resistance and high thermal stability.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a low-viscosity two-component filled polyurethane adhesive comprising an organic polyisocyanate component and an isocyanate-reactive curative component. The curative component comprises a blend of relatively high equivalent weight isocyanate-reactive component and a relatively low equivalent weight chain extender or crosslinker, as well as certain diamines or triamines to impart sag resistance.

Abstract: Isotactic poly(glycidyl nitrate) useful in solid propellants is produced by polymerizing chiral (R) glycidyl nitrate or its enantiomer, (S) glycidyl nitrate. Chiral (R) glycidyl nitrate or its enantiomer is prepared by sequential treatment of chiral (S) glycidyl tosylate or its enantiomer with nitric acid and sodium hydroxide. Chiral (S) glycidyl tosylate or its enantiomer, (R) glycidyl tosylate, can be produced by Sharpless epoxidation of allyl alcohol or by direct tosylation of commercially available chiral glycidol. Likewise, chiral (R) glycidyl nitrate or its enantiomer, (S) glycidyl nitrate, can be prepared direcly via nitration of (S) or (R) glycidol, respectively.

Abstract: Sulfonic acid-substituted polyaniline salt compositions and uses therefor are disclosed. The sulfonated polyaniline salt compositions have fast electronic and optical responses to electrochemical potentials, improved environmental stability, and improved solubility. The sulfonated polyaniline salt compositions are useful as an ionic electrolyte polymer.

Abstract: A polyurethane polyol is provided, which is the reaction product of a particular isocyanate component and a particular diol component in a specified ratio, which polyol component is selected from substantially monomeric diols wherein the hydroxyl groups are separated by 3 carbon atoms or less. Such polyurethane polyols possess a desirable spectrum of molecular weight properties, making them especially suitable for use in formulating high solids, high performance coatings.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a novel fluorine-containing diaminobenzene derivative having a perfluoroalkyl group and to a novel fluorine-containing polyimide which is produced from the said diaminobenzene as a starting material and to a novel polyimide having both a fluorine-containing group and/or a siloxane chain in the side chain thereof, the polyimide being produced from the said fluorine-containing diaminobenzene and fluorine-containing polyimide and to a liquid crystal-aligning agent with an elevated tilt angle, which contains a polyimide having a fluorine-containing group and a siloxane chain.

Abstract: The invention is a polyester and a method for producing a polyester filament which has a combination of flame resistance and low pilling properties. The method comprises forming a polyester polymer from a mixture consisting essentially of terephthalate acid or dimethyl terephthalate, ethylene glycol, a chain branching agent having a functionality of at least 3 and a phosphinic acid in the amount between 0.5 and 20 mole percent of the terephthalate acid and monomer. In particular, the invention also comprises the enhanced fiber formed by the process, as well as the fabrics having a pilling of about 3 to less than 5 as measured in accordance with ASTM D-3512-82.

Abstract: Hydroxypolyamides can be obtained in a simple and economical way in a chloride-free manner when(a) aromatic amino hydroxy carboxylic acids or(b) aromatic diaminodihydroxy compounds and aromatic dicarboxylic acids or(c) aromatic diaminodihydroxy compounds, aromatic dicarboxylic acids and aromatic amino hydroxy carboxylic acids are converted in the presence of 1-ethoxycarbonyl-2-ethoxy-1.2-dihydroquinoline, 1.1'-carbonyldioxy-di-1.2.3-benzotriazole or dicyclohexyl carbodiimide/1-hydroxy-1.2.3-benzotriazole.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a novel fluorine-containing diaminobenzene derivatives having a perfluoroalkyl group and to a novel fluorine-containing polyimide which is produced from the said diaminobenzene as a starting material and to a novel polyimide having both a fluorine-containing group and/or a siloxane chain in the side chain thereof, the polyimide being produced from the said fluorine-containing diaminobenzene and fluorine-containing polyimide and to a liquid crystal-aligning agent with an elevated tilt angle, which contains a polyimide having a fluorine-containing group and a siloxane chain.

Abstract: A process for preparing polycarbonates according to the invention by melt polycondensation of aromatic dihydroxy compounds and carbonic acid diesters, is characterized by using an aromatic dihydroxy compound and a carbonic acid diester, wherein the combined content of hydrolyzable chlorine in those monomers falls within the particular range. Another process for preparing polycarbonates according to the invention by melt polycondensation of aromatic dihydroxy compounds and carbonic acid diesters, is characterized by using a catalyst comprising (a) a nitrogen containing basic compound and (b) aromatic dihydroxy compound of an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal compound, or (a) and (b) and (c) boric acid or boric ester.

Abstract: The present invention relates to polyether polyols having OH numbers of about 300 to 630 obtained by sequentially reacting 2,4- and/or 2,6-tolylenediamine or mixtures of 2,4-and/or 2,6-tolylenediamine and one or more other aromatic amines with from about 1 to 2.5 moles of ethylene oxide for each NH.sub.2 group, and then with from about 0.5 to 5 moles of propylene oxide for each NH.sub.2 group, wherein said polyether polyols contain secondary amino groups comprising from about 2 to 20% of the isocyanate-reactive groups in said polyols and a free aromatic amine content of less than about 0.2% by weight. The present invention further relates to a process for preparing the polyether polyols of the invention, as well as to a method of using the polyether polyols for the preparation of polyurethane plastics.

Abstract: Lactide monomers and copolymers may be polymerized by a continuous process using one or more continuous stirred tank reactors. The process offers productivity and product quality advantages over the batch process of polymerization.

Abstract: Copolymers of lactic acid, from 0.5 to 20 weight % of 4-valerolactone and from 0 to 20 weight % of a C.sub.6-8 lactone form polymers having a higher intrinsic viscosity than homopolymers of lactic acid per se. The polymers also have an increased heat stability over the homopolymer of lactic acid.

Abstract: A process for producing an unsaturated group-terminated high-molecular weight polyalkylene oxide by adding an alkali metal and/or an alkali metal compound capable of producing an alkali metal hydroxide on reaction with water to a hydroxyl-terminated polyalkylene oxide having a repeating unit represented by formula --R.sup.1 --O-- (wherein R.sup.1 represents a divalent alkylene group having from 2 to 8 carbon atoms) to substitute the hydrogen atom of the hydroxyl end group with an alkali metal (alkoxidation) the resulting polyalkylene oxide is reacted with a polyhalogen compound to increase the molecular weight of the polyalkylene oxide and then additional alkali metal and/or alkali metal compound is added before reacting the resulting high-molecular weight polyalkylene oxide with an unsaturated halogen compound to introduce an unsaturated group to the molecular chain terminals.