Abstract: The inventive chemical-mechanical polishing system comprises a polishing component, a liquid carrier, and a polyether amine. The inventive method comprises chemically-mechanically polishing a substrate with the aforementioned polishing system.

Abstract: A surface treatment, especially for titanium and aluminum alloys, forms a pigmented sol-gel film covalently bonded on the metal surface to produce desired color, gloss, reflectivity, electrical conductivity, emissivity, or a combination thereof usable over a wide temperature range. The coating retains its characteristics and impact resistance following exposures to temperatures at least in the range from ?321° F. to 750° F. An aqueous sol containing an organometallic alkoxide containing either Ti or Al and an organosilane with an organic acid catalyst and stabilizer is applied to etched or grit blasted substrates by dipping, spraying, or drenching, to produce bonds in a single application comparable in strength and performance to standard anodize controls. The sol-gel coating may be graded in its ceramic character by adjusting the organosilane component between TEOS and silanes that have more distinctive organic character by virtue of organic ligands attached to the silicon.

Abstract: The present invention relates to pigments, the particles of which generally have a length of from 2 ?m to 5 mm, a width of from 2 ?m to 2 mm, and a thickness of from 20 nm to 2 ?m, and a ratio of length to thickness of at least 2:1, wherein the particles contain a core of SiOy with 0.70?y?1.8, especially 1.40?y?1.8, having two substantially parallel faces, the distance between which is the shortest axis of the core, comprising (a) a material, especially a metal oxide, having a high index of refraction; or (a) a thin semi-transparent metal layer; a process for their production and their use in paints, ink-jet printing, for dyeing textiles, for pigmenting coatings (paints), printing inks, plastics, cosmetics, glazes for ceramics and glass.

Abstract: Abrasive tools contain abrasive grains oriented in an array according to a non-uniform pattern having an exclusionary zone around each abrasive grain, and the exclusionary zone has a minimum dimension that exceeds the maximum diameter of the desired grit size range for the abrasive grain. Methods for designing such a self-avoiding array of abrasive grain and for transferring such an array to an abrasive tool body are described.

Abstract: The production method for cerium oxide particles of the present invention is a method of producing a cerium oxide particle by heating a cerium compound from a normal temperature to a temperature range of 400° C. to 1200° C., and comprises at least a temperature raising stage of a temperature rise speed of 2° C./hour to 60° C./hour, or proceeds via a stage of heating while supplying a humidified gas in a temperature raising process. By the method of the present invention, a cerium oxide powder whose particle diameter distribution of primary particles is narrow can be obtained. An aqueous cerium oxide slurry produced from the powder enables an improvement in the productivity and a reduction in the cost of a polishing step, because if it is used as an abrasive a high-quality polished face is obtained without deteriorating the polishing speed. The aqueous cerium oxide slurry of the present invention is particularly useful as an abrasive for final finish of a substrate whose main component is silica.

Abstract: The invention relates to pearlescent pigments with a platelet-shaped substrate comprising metal oxide and having a first and a second protective layer, said metal oxide having a refractive index of greater than 1.8, there being on the platelet-shaped substrate a first protective layer comprising cerium oxide and/or cerium hydroxide and a second protective layer of SiO2, applied to which is an organic chemical aftercoat comprising at least one silane having at least one functional bond group and at least one silane without a functional bond group, it being possible for metal oxide layers other than cerium oxide and SiO2 to be disposed between the first and the second protective layer. The invention further relates to a process for preparing these pigments, and to the use thereof.

Abstract: An ink composition containing an organic solvent and a pigment, which has a little amount of smell, excellent safety and health properties, excellent resin solubility, excellent printing stability and excellent drying properties, causes no corrosion to a printer, and is excellent in adhesion to non-absorbable printing media and good printability, wherein the ink composition comprises as the organic solvent at least one compound selected from compounds represented by the formulae (1) to (3), wherein each of R1, R2, R3, R4, R7 and R8 independently represents an alkylene group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms or an alkenylene group having 2 to 4 carbon atoms and each of R5, R6 and R9 independently represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms.

Abstract: An abrasive composite, a method for making the abrasive composite, and a polishing apparatus using the abrasive composite are disclosed. The abrasive composite includes a matrix and a plurality of nano-particles distributed therein. The nano-particles are made of at least nano carbon sphere particles and fullerene particles. A ratio by weight of the nano carbon sphere particles to the fullerene particles is advantageously in the range from about 1:2 to about 1:1. The fullerenes are preferably C60 fullerenes. The abrasive composite further includes an amount of diamond particles admixed in the matrix, for improving hardness of the abrasive composite so as to accelerate polishing rate. The abrasive composite is preferably in a form of pellets. The pellets have an average grain size in the range from about 10 nanometers to about 200 nanometers.

Abstract: A pure pearl powder preparation method of preparing a pure pearl powder by: (a) preparing pearl and washing the prepared pearl to remove sands and other, and then infusing the washed pearl in milk/soybean milk till that the milk/soybean milk becomes rancid, (b) washing the pearl with water to remove foul smell from the pearl, and then drying the pearl, and crushing the pearl into a superfine pearl powder, and (c) mixing the superfine pearl powder thus obtained with water in a high-speed mixer to form a pearl powder suspension, and then drawing the pearl powder suspension out of the mixer through a sieve over 100 mesh, and then drying the collected pearl powder suspension at low temperature to obtain the desired pure pearl powder.

Abstract: Phase change ink comprising an ink vehicle that includes at least one amphiphilic molecule. The amphiphilic molecule is capable of co-crystallizing into the at least one wax monomer to form functionalized spherulites which are then capable of hydrogen bonding to other similarly functionalized spherulites to form a bonded network of spherulites. Increased adhesive and cohesive strength of the ink on paper can result, thereby generating a robust image.

Abstract: A carbon fine particle structure containing plural carbon fine particles having a graphite structure and a crosslinked part containing plural functional groups chemically bonded to each other, at least one ends of each of the functional groups being connected to different carbon fine particles, the plural carbon fine particles and the crosslinked part constituting a network structure, and a process for producing the same are provided. A carbon fine particle transcriptional body and a solution for producing the carbon fine particle structure, an carbon fine particle structure electronic device using the carbon fine particle structure and a process for producing the same, and an integrated circuit using the same are provided.

Abstract: A method of producing nanoclays comprising the steps of preparing a first intercalant alkali salt of a carboxylic acid, adding the first intercalant to a swelled clay at a temperature of at least 50° C. so that the metal ions on the clay surface forms a complex with the carboxyl group that enlarges the space between the two galleries of clay. The method further comprises the step of adding an organic acid as a second intercalant to the clay modified by the first intercalant to form a clay/organic salt/organic acid complex. The clay/organic salt/organic acid complex may be post processed by precipitating, homogenizing with a solution comprising of water and alcohol, filtering, drying, milling, and sieving to produce the desired nanoclay.

Abstract: Methods for the removal of lead from a metal silicate during the process of manufacturing of such a material are provided. With the reliance upon lower cost starting silicon dioxide starting materials that are known to exhibit elevated amounts of heavy metal therein for the purpose of producing metal silicates (such as sodium silicate, as one example), it has been realized that removal of significant amounts of such heavy metals is necessary to comply with certain regulatory requirements in order to provide a finished material that exhibits the same low level of heavy metal contamination as compared with finished materials that are made from more expensive, purer starting silicon dioxides. Two general methods may be followed for such decontamination purposes. One entails the introduction of a calcium phosphate material, such as dicalcium phosphate, tricalcium phosphate, and/or hydroxyapatite, to a formed metal silicate solution but prior to filtering.

Abstract: The present invention provides a novel process for preparation of inorganic colourants from mixed rare earth compounds, which are directly obtained from the ore industry, without undergoing any separation, thereby enabling a cost reduction to the extend of 10-100 times. Colors ranging from brown, blue and green can be obtained by suitable doping with other metal ions.