Abstract: A heat exchanger for a combustion apparatus capable of providing satisfactory sealing between an open end of an oxidizing agent duct and a regenerative structure. A regenerator includes a high-temperature section constituted by a regenerative unit made of a ceramic material and a low-temperature section constituted by a regenerative unit made of a metal material. The regenerator is formed with a plurality of communication passages which permit a combustion chamber and a suction/exhaust duct structure to communicate with each other. The communication passages are provided by a plurality of through-holes formed in the regenerative units. The number of the through-holes and an equivalent diameter thereof are determined so as to permit a pressure loss gradient in the low-temperature section positioned on the side of the suction/exhaust duct structure to be larger than that in the high-temperature section positioned on the side of the combustion chamber.

Abstract: Carbothermally reduce a metal oxide to its corresponding metal nitride or metal carbide powder in a vertical gravity flow reactor by adding precursor pellets containing the metal oxide, a thermally decomposed binder material and carbon or a source of carbon directly to a heated reaction zone within the reactor. The pellets form a pellet bed, the top of which must be maintained within the heated reaction zone. The binder material is a blend of wheat and corn starches, optionally in conjunction with another binder such as melamine. The binder material thermally decomposes to a carbonaceous residue which functions both as an additional source of carbon and as a binder for the precursor pellets. The reactor may be modified by adding an internal vent line to remove volatile materials from the heated reaction zone before they have an opportunity to condense on internal reactor surfaces.

Abstract: Disclosed is a gas boiler which has a simple structure, which is easy to be installed, and which is manufactured at a low cost. The typical water tank is partitioned into an upper casing and a lower casing which are capable of communicated with each other. A circulation pump and a three-way valve are mounted to the lower casing in a row in the vertical direction, and a plurality of pipelines are arranged by using the above perpendicular arrangement as a reference. The circulation pump is coupled to the lower casing and the three-way valve is coupled to the circulation pump. Therefore, the size of the gas boiler is minimized and the manufacturing cost thereof is economized.

Abstract: A device for cleaning a combustion device such as a boiler coincidentally with operation of the boiler. The apparatus comprises a means for rotation of a lance and rotatable cleaning head attached to the lance. The lance also moves in a linear direction and out of a combustion chamber. The invention requires the presence of the linear and rotational driving mechanism exterior to the boiler to allow operation of the device while the combustion chamber is at high temperature. During operation, a high pressure water jet is expelled from the nozzles of the rotatable cleaning apparatus at greater than 10,000 psi. A microprocessor controls the system to allow a repeatable, consistent, and tailored cleaning of the internal components of a combustion device.

Abstract: The invention relates to a boiler (1) wherein at least one steam generating circuit comprises an ejector (25) capable of providing induced circulation of water in the boiler in normal operating conditions. The corresponding water/steam separation reservoir (17) is arranged at any height with respect to the outlet collector (manifold) (15) of the evaporator device (11) of said circuit.

Abstract: The invention relates to seals for use at band edges in a Condebelt.RTM. apparatus described in Finnish Patent 54 514. In the apparatus, a material web to be dried passes in a substantially airless space between two metal bands (1, 7) or other similar bands or membranes of good thermal conductivity together with drying wires. One of the metal bands is arranged to heat and the other is arranged to cool; the heating band (1) evaporates moisture contained in the web to be dried, the moisture condensing on the surface of the cooling band (7), separated from the web (2) to be dried by drying wires. The drying space between the bands of the Condebelt.RTM. apparatus is sealed up at the edges by seal profiles (10, 11) attached to the heating band (1) or the cooling band (7). It is also possible to use a number of seal profiles positioned against each other or side by side.

Abstract: A steam generating system including an upright furnace section formed by a plurality of tubes, a portion of which have upper and lower tube ends and extend at an acute angle with respect to a horizontal plane, a portion of which extend vertically downwards from the lower tube ends, and a portion of which extend vertically upwards from the upper tube ends. Additional lower and upper vertical tubes are provided which are coplanar with, parallel to, and evenly distributed and interlaced among the tubes extending vertically from the respective lower and upper ends. Means is provided to pass fluid through the length of the furnace section to convert a portion of the fluid to steam or to heat the fluid, the fluid passing upwards first through the additional lower vertical tubes, then through the length of the angularly extending tubes including the vertical extensions thereof, and then through the additional upper vertical tubes.

Abstract: A combustion system for use in the steckel mill provides for the controlled mixing of combustible fluids to each furnace incorporated in the steckel mill while also harnessing at least a portion of the heat developed during the operation of the mill to increase the overall operation efficiency of the steckel mill. The invention also contemplates enhancing the manner in which combustion products are drawn from the furnaces which also aids in recovering heat developed during the operation of the steckel mill as well as improving the operation of the overall combustion system. These features are obtained by providing a supply system for the air or other combustible gas delivered to each of the steckel mill coil furnaces and to direct at least a portion of the flow of this combustion gas through at least one recuperator that is in-line with an exhaust duct associated with the steckel mill.

Abstract: A particulate material drying apparatus and method including a pulse combustor and an associated combustion chamber. Fuel and combustion air are introduced to the combustion chamber whereby the combination of the pulse combustor and combustion chamber generates a pulsating flow of hot gases. A material feed introduction chamber receives the hot gases and material to be dried is delivered into the introduction chamber for contact therein with the flow of hot gases. A drying chamber is connected to the introduction chamber for receiving the mixture of material and hot gases exiting from the introduction chamber. The drying chamber comprises an enclosing wall, a porous inner wall spaced inwardly from the enclosing wall, and an annular space defined between the enclosing wall and the porous inner wall. Fluid under pressure is introduced to the annular space whereby the fluid passes through the porous inner wall and deters build-up of material on the inner surface of the porous inner wall.

Abstract: A rotating seal device for a rotary drum kiln. A rotating seal member is welded about the drum near each of its ends, each sealing against a rotationally stationary seal member joined with the associated kiln end hood through a flexible gas tight bellows. The stationary seal rides on a pair of rollers each bearing upon a track, preventing its rotation. The bellows accommodates longitudinal expansion and contraction of the drum. Hanging weights are used with pulley wheels and flexible cables to urge the non-rotating members against the rotating members with unvarying force.

Abstract: The invention relates to a cooler grate for a reciprocating grate cooler, with a plurality of grate plate supports extending transversely with respect to the cooler grate and constructed as hollow bodies, on which in each case grate plates are supported so that they are co-ordinated in transverse rows and sealed by means of screw connections, wherein the grate plates have cooling gas openings and cooling gas connecting channels are constructed between the grate plate support and the cooling gas openings.

Abstract: An apparatus for vitrifying a soot preform from which an optical fiber is produced by drawing, is composed of a main vacuum chamber 20 in which a muffle tube 70 for vitrifying the soot preform PF is located, and an auxiliary vacuum chamber 30 mounted on the main vacuum chamber 20 and communicated therewith through a passage, and a gate valve 60 for opening and closing the passage. The muffle tube 70 has a inner surface covered with silicon carbide layer 70a.

Abstract: An apparatus for incinerating a waste material by processing the waste material through dry distillation and gasification has a gasification furnace for storing a waste material therein and burning a portion of the waste material and thermally decomposing the remainder of the waste material by way of dry distillation with the heat of combustion of the portion of the waste material, thereby producing a combustible gas, and a combustion furnace connected to the gasification furnace through a gas introduction passage for mixing, with oxygen, the combustible gas introduced therein from the gasification furnace through the gas introduction passage and combusting the combustible gas mixed with the oxygen, the combustion furnace having a gas inlet port connected to the gas introduction passage. An oxygen supply device supplies the combustion furnace with an amount of oxygen required to combust the combustible gas into the combustion furnace while generating a swirling oxygen flow around the gas inlet port.