Abstract: A drum cartridge includes a frame on which a toner cartridge is attachable, a photosensitive drum, and a drum memory. The drum cartridge relays information stored in the toner memory to the image forming apparatus when the toner cartridge is attached to the frame.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes an image forming portion, a heating portion that includes a heating element which is heated by power from a power supply and heats an image, a temperature detecting portion that detects temperature of the heating portion, and a power control portion that controls power supplied to the heating element based on information from the temperature detecting portion. The image forming apparatus further includes a detecting portion that detects whether voltage from the power supply exceeds a rated value, and when the detecting portion detects that the voltage from the power supply exceeds the rated value, the power control portion controls the power supply such that a waveform pattern of an electric current to the heating element in one control cycle becomes a waveform pattern of phase control, where power supplying time to the heating element in one half wave becomes a predetermined time or less.

Abstract: A tripod includes: a hub defining a set of leg mounts; a set of legs configured to telescopically extend from the hub and couple to the set of leg mounts; a center column including a spherical end; and a head pivotably coupled to the spherical end. The head further includes: a base section; a camera platform arranged over the base section; a set of flanges extending below the base section and extending around the spherical end; a hat arranged over the spherical end; a pivot control ring arranged about the base section, configured to drive the hat into the spherical end to fix the head on the spherical end responsive to rotation in a first direction about the base section, and configured to retract the hat from the spherical end to unlock the head from the spherical end responsive to rotation in a second direction about the base section.

Abstract: There is used an image forming apparatus including a fixing unit configured to heat a recording material at a fixing nip portion to fix a toner image, and a control unit configured to switch a target temperature, wherein, in the case where the target temperature of preceding recording material is first temperature, the target temperature of subsequent recording material is second temperature which is higher than the first temperature, and a difference between the second temperature and the first temperature has a first value, the control unit performs switching from timing which is earlier than reaching of the second recording material to the fixing nip portion by a predetermined period, and, the higher the target temperature of the preceding recording material, the shorter the predetermined period.

Abstract: An apparatus is provided, including: a housing; a first assessment section defining a first airflow pathway and including a first conduit including inlet and outlet ends, the inlet end to receive a mouth end of an aerosol-generating system or a smoking article, a first pump in fluid communication with the first conduit outlet end and to draw fluid through the first conduit from the inlet end to the outlet end, and a first cover arranged on the housing; and a second assessment section defining a second airflow pathway and including a second conduit including inlet and outlet ends, the inlet end to receive a mouth end of an aerosol-generating device or a smoking article, a second pump in fluid communication with the second conduit outlet end and to draw fluid through the second conduit from the inlet end to the outlet end, and a second cover arranged on the housing.

Abstract: An ultrasonic transducer is provided. The ultrasonic transducer can be configured for flow metering applications and can include a head mass, a tail mass, and a spanning element joining the head mass with the tail mass. At least one cavity can be created in the head mass, tail mass, or spanning element using additive manufacturing. A method of manufacturing is also provided. The method of manufacturing can include forming a head mass utilizing a first process of additive manufacturing. The method of manufacturing can also include forming a tail mass utilizing a second process or additive manufacturing. The method of manufacturing can further include joining the head mass and the tail mass by a spanning element.

Abstract: An image formation apparatus according to one or more embodiments may include: an apparatus main body that includes an image formation section configured to form an image on a medium; a fixation device that includes a fixation member configured to heat the medium and is attachable to the apparatus main body in a first direction; and a temperature detector including a lens, provided in the apparatus main body, and configured to detect a temperature of the fixation member through the lens. An optical axis of the lens is inclined with respect to the first direction.

Abstract: An electromagnetic radiation collecting and directing apparatus is described herein. The electromagnetic radiation collecting and directing apparatus facilitates directing light from an exterior of a structure to an interior of a structure. The directed light is then distributed as necessary within the structure for heating, illumination, or is stored for use at a later time.

Abstract: A fixing apparatus to fix a toner image formed on a recording material to the recording material includes a rotatable member having a heat generation layer, a power supply circuit, and a control unit. The power supply circuit supplies electrical power to the rotatable member. The control unit controls supply of electrical power to the rotatable member and detects a change rate of electrical resistance of the heat generation layer. The heat generation layer generates heat by the electrical power supplied to the rotatable member, and the toner image on the recording material is fixed to the recording material by the heat from the heat generation layer. If the change rate of the electrical resistance to the supplied electrical power is higher than a predetermined threshold, the control unit stops the supply of electrical power to the rotatable member.

Abstract: In an image forming apparatus, a controller causes a first fixing member to heat up to a standby temperature Tr lower than a fixing temperature, through a control process executed from a state in which rotation of the first fixing member is stopped and a nip pressure is set at a second pressure smaller than a first pressure. The control process includes: a first process of activating and controlling a heater to cause the first fixing member to heat up toward a target temperature; a second process of starting the rotation of the first fixing member; a third process of changing the nip pressure from the second pressure to the first pressure; a fourth process of changing the nip pressure from the first pressure to the second pressure; and a fifth process of stopping the rotation of the first fixing member, executed in this sequence.

Abstract: A linear gauge includes a contact member having a lower tip to be positioned facing a workpiece; an air slider including a cylinder surrounding the contact member with a clearance left between them, and configured to eject air such that the contact member is supported movably in a vertical direction; a scale that detects a height position of the contact member; a casing accommodating therein the contact member, the air slider, and the scale; an evacuation portion formed in an upper portion of the cylinder such that the ejected air is evacuated into the casing; and a communication channel communicating an inlet, which is formed in an upper portion of the contact member, and an outlet, which is formed in the lower tip of the contact member, with each other inside the contact member.

Abstract: A testing system is provided that includes a plurality of valves and a plurality of pumps. At least one of the pumps is coupled to at least one of the valves. A plurality of sensor arrays are coupled to at least one of the pumps or at least one of the valves for detecting at least one element. Each of the sensor arrays includes at least one serial connected sensor or parallel connected sensor.

Abstract: An instrument and a method for simultaneously testing a molecular weight distribution and an organic nitrogen level of a water sample are provided. The instrument comprises: a tail-end injection valve, a chromatographic column, a pressure relief valve, an acid-adding injection valve, an oxygen-adding injection valve, a helical tube for an acid-oxygen reaction, a CO2 remover, a UV digester, a second gas-water separator membrane, a buffer solution injection valve, a helical tube for a buffer solution reaction, a cadmium column, a chromogenic agent injection valve, a helical tube for a chromogenic agent reaction, and a UV detector, sequentially connected via a pipeline. The tail-end injection valve is for receiving a fluid phase and a sample. The second gas-water separator membrane is connected to an electrical conductivity-based CO2 detector. The UV detector and the electrical conductivity-based CO2 detector are connected to a data processing computer.

Abstract: One or more perforation hole pattern methods are applied (402) to generate a spatial distribution of perforation holes forming a semi-random pattern for an image display screen. The image display screen is perforated (404) with the spatial distribution of perforation holes forming the semi-random pattern. Image rendering light is emitted (406) with a light projector toward the image display screen that is installed in an image rendering environment. At least a portion of the image rendering light emitted from the light projector is reflected (408) by the image display screen, toward a viewer.

Abstract: A lunar image projection system is configured primarily for projecting and viewing images on the lunar surface, eg for lunar advertising, and which utilizes a projector that suitably operates to project and target an image onto an area in the dark phase and suitably on the far side of the moon, the system may further include a camera that operates to capture the image as projected on the moon and a transmitter to transmit the captured image to a remote viewer back on earth, the system thereby facilitating the use of the moon as a display screen for images, without obtruding on the appearance of the moon as viewed from earth, and when deployed on the far side with further advantage of avoiding the effect of contrast loss due to earth shine that the moon's near side surface is exposed to.

Abstract: A device for determining degradation rate of biodegradable polymers in soil, including a micro compressed air pump, a first CO2 absorption vessel filled with dry soda lime or an aqueous strong alkali solution, a CO2 indicator vessel filled with a barium hydroxide solution, a hollow leaching device, a second CO2 absorption vessel and a third CO2 absorption vessel connected in sequence through connecting pipes. A top of the hollow leaching device is provided with an end cover. An external water distributor filled with a leaching solution and a mechanical stirring device is arranged above the end cover. The external water distributor is in communication with an inner cavity of the hollow leaching device through a pipeline. A stirring shaft of the mechanical stirring device extends into the inner cavity. A stirring shaft is provided with a stirring paddle.

Abstract: A projection screen includes a screen board, a woven cloth, an adhesive layer, a frame, and elastic connecting members. The woven cloth is arranged on a back of the screen board, and an edge of the woven cloth is outside an edge of the screen board. The adhesive layer is connected to the screen board and the woven cloth respectively. The frame is arranged on a peripheral side of the screen board. First ends of the elastic connecting members are connected to the woven cloth, and second ends of the elastic connecting members are connected to the frame, so as to stretch the woven cloth and the screen board to a flat state by virtue of tension of the elastic connecting members.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes a belt, an image forming unit, a first roller configured to form a transfer portion where the toner image is transferred from the belt to a recording material, a second roller disposed upstream of the first roller, a pressing member disposed upstream of the first roller and downstream of the second roller, a guide member disposed upstream of the transfer portion, and a connecting member configured to electrically connect the guide member and the pressing member to each other.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes a fixing unit including a heater; a bidirectional thyristor for supplying electric power form an AC power source to the heater in a conduction state and for cutting off supply of the electric power from the AC power source to the heater in a non-conduction state; a control unit for outputting a control signal for controlling the conductive state or the non-conduction state of the bidirectional thyristor; and a DC voltage source for supplying electric power for conduction of the bidirectional thyristor by the control signal outputted from the control unit. The control unit controls the heater in a predetermined control cycle on a one half-wave unit basis of an AC voltage of the AC power source. The control unit outputs a plurality of control signals in one half-wave of the AC voltage.

Abstract: There are provided a video projecting structure, which is capable of having not only transparency but also high visibility of a video, a process for producing the same, and a video display system including the video projection structure.